scholarly journals The Role of Culture, Values and Trauma in Shaping Abnormal Bodily Experience in Migrants

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Aragona
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Bodily Experiences ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Somatization Disorders ◽  
The Way

AbstractThe way somatization is expressed—including the actual somatoform symptoms experienced—varies in different persons and in different cultures. Traumatic experiences are intertwined with cultural and social values in shaping the resulting psychopathological phenomena, including bodily experiences. Four ideal-typical cases are presented to show the different levels involved. The effects of trauma, culture and values may be pathofacilitating (creating a social context which is necessary for the experience to take place), pathogenetic (taking a causal role in the onset of the psychopathological reaction), pathoplastic (shaping the form such a psychopathological reaction takes) or pathointerpretive (different interpretation of the same symptoms depending on the patient’s beliefs). While the roles of trauma and culture were already well recognized in previous accounts, this chapter adds an exploration of the importance of values, including cultural values, in the aetiology, presentation and management of somatization disorders. As a consequence, the therapeutic approach has to be adjusted depending on the way these factors intervene in the patient’s construction of mental distress.

scholarly journals The Role of Speech Stereotype in the Formation of Speech Behavior: a Case Study of the French Social Advertising

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
E. G. Zheludkova
Keyword(s):  
French Language ◽  
French Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Models ◽  
Social Advertising ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Cultural Linguistics ◽  
The Way

The research features the speech stereotype at the stage of its formation. The author observes the way stereotype of socially approved behavior are formed with the help of speech stereotypes united by the concept of "product waste". An analysis of "gaspillage alimentaire" social advertising revealed some speech stereotypes, stereotyping mechanisms, as well as the way they influence the recipient of the social advertising discourse. The author states the key role of the speech stereotype that address the recipient to the existing models of behavior and in the formation of new models that are in demand in the French society. The results of the research contribute to a better understanding of the speech behavior in different cultures and can be used in the courses of cultural linguistics, French language stylistics, and discourse analysis. 

scholarly journals The Directness Levels of Criticism: A Cross-Cultural Comparative Study of Korean and American Youtuber

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
Aan Anisah Agustini Safari
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Cross Culture ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Way

Background: Different countries may have different cultures that are influenced by their religion, traditions, or norms. These differences affect the way they speak, such as when they are commenting or giving opinions. Due to the way people express speech acts can be varied and lead to misinterpretation because of their differences, the researcher was intrigued to conduct this study. Methodology: This cross-cultural study was carried out to observe and compare the speech act of criticism between Korean and American YouTubers and to investigate the role of their cultural background in influencing the directness level they conveyed. First, the researcher selected three Korean Youtubers and Americans as well with food review content. Second, the researcher watched one video from each channel and took notes on every expression of criticism they used. Findings: The result of this study demonstrates that in American YouTubers speech, direct strategy emerges more frequently than the indirect one. Conversely, Korean YouTubers tend to use the indirect one. The finding also indicates that their speech behavior is related to their cultural norms, in which American culture encourages clear personal opinions, while Korean culture is a restraint to express their opinion or feeling clearly. Conclusion: Due to the considerable difference between Korean and American YouTuber speech, it can be concluded that culture takes a significant part in shaping one’s speech behavior. That is why people with different cultural backgrounds may have different ways of speaking.  Keywords: Criticism; cross-culture pragmatic; directness-indirectness.

Confrontation and Insurgency in Borneo, 1960–90

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 594-618
Author(s):  
David Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Authoritarian Government ◽  
Variable Quality ◽  
The Way

A considerable literature has accumulated on the ‘Confrontation’ conflict over the formation of Malaysia in the mid-1960s. Many accounts are of variable quality, especially where they lack knowledge of the local political and social context or ignore the complexity of often intertwined events. Conclusions from such limited studies can be misleading. This article identifies some aspects of the conventional narrative that should be revisited, particularly the crucial role of the related anti-colonial insurgency and its social and economic roots, the dynamics of the Indonesian intervention and the wider historical context in which the conflict should be placed. Despite British claims of military success and undoubted logistical and diplomatic achievement, Confrontation was in many respects a ‘phoney war'. Nevertheless, the Borneo conflict had far-reaching consequences, as well as providing valuable lessons in the development and containment of insurgency. It secured the establishment of Malaysia. It accelerated Britain's withdrawal from its long imperial presence ‘East of Suez', while confirming American dominance for the next 50 years of one of the world's strategic keypoints. It underpinned the development of authoritarian government in democratic guise. Hence it eased the way to the devastation of the Borneo rainforest with still incalculable global consequences.

scholarly journals The Role of Small Towns in a Potential Ecoregion through the Example of Fertő/Neusiedlersee Cultural Landscape

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ágnes Sallay ◽  
Zsuzsanna Mikházi ◽  
Klaudia Mátá ◽  
Edina Dancsokné Fóris ◽  
Krisztina Filepné Kovács ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Heritage Protection ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractFertő/Neusiedlersee Cultural Landscape, as a transboundary World Heritage Site of Hungary and Austria, possesses unique cultural and natural values. The examined areas can be characterised as meeting places of different cultures. We examined the role of small towns in Fertő/Neusiedlersee Cultural Landscape, which play an important role in regional development. In the last 25 years, different levels of cooperation started among the Hungarian and Austrian settlements aiming at nature and cultural heritage protection and tourism development. We formulated suggestions to maintain and strengthen the existing co-operation and relations.

“Breaking the Head of the Masquerade” Tracie Utoh–Ezeajugh's “Out of the Masks” and Theatre of Exclusion

Matatu ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Nick Mdika Tembo
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Role Of Women

In most African societies, traditional rituals are sometimes used as tools for cultural inferiorization of women and girls. Out of frustration, those at the receiving end of such rituals may resort to a variety of performative and subversive tactics aimed at debunking them in society. This essay seeks to examine Tracie Utoh–Ezeajugh's portrayal of women in “Out of the Masks.” The essay particularly seeks to examine how the dramatist responds to and represents the position and role of women in the traditional social context and in the context of changing social values in her play. Through a careful analysis of key episodes of five young women, the essay argues, an insurrection aimed at saving the female race “from further institutional molestation and humiliation” is successfully mounted in the play. In the end, female characters response to social, economic, political, and cultural oppression through their strategic planning and careful organization in the play.

scholarly journals White Picket Fences: Fulton Sheen’s Influence on the Social Role of Catholicism in the 1950s

INvoke ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Romanik ◽  
Marina Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Worth Living ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The 1960S

“Life is Worth Living” was a well-received Catholic show that aired in 1950s America and was hosted by the venerable Archbishop Fulton Sheen. The popularity of the show can be easily tied back to Sheen’s on-screen charisma and dramatic delivery of American Christian concepts. The show aired Tuesday nights at eight opposite the popular Milton Berle show and Fulton Sheen even won an Emmy for the Most Outstanding Television Personality for his performance in 1952. However, the show is representative of a brief era of normalcy before the change of the 1960s. The unification of Catholic morals and cultural values presented by Sheen in the show helped renew public interest in Catholicism through appealing to a common national identity during an era of an expanding religious marketplace. So through examining “Life is Worth Living,” the social values of faith and the changing religious views can be illuminated upon.

scholarly journals Colonization and Cultural Values of Yorùbá People: A Case of Traditional Drums in Yorùbá Land

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Aladesami Ọmọ́bọ́lá Agnes
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Belief ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Cultures

<p><em>Culture is one of the marks by which a community of people of a nation is normally identified. Culture is a phenomenon that distinguishes one ethnic tribe from the other. Various cultures can be identified among the people that are found in a particular community setting. Some cultures can be similar among different people but cultures that differ one from the other are peculiar to people of various tribes. Culture and tradition are sometimes used interchangeably. However, these two concepts have some differences. Tradition is rooted in religious beliefs of a people while culture is embedded in the social activities and social values of a people. Culture is multi-dimensional. Among the Yorùbá ethnic group of South Western Nigeria, there are different cultures that can be identified. Some of these cultures include but not limited to: tribal marks, mode of greetings, dressing/hairstyle and music in which drums are embedded. The focus of this paper is on the use of traditional drums among the Yorùbá. The paper shall examine the origin of drum beating, types of drums and the type of drum beating that is peculiar to each activity and the phenomenon of drum beating in the past and now. The paper discusses the influence the modern technological development has brought into the issue of traditional drums both in positive and negative ways.  The paper concludes that this culture is gradually fading away among the Yorùbá people and observed that this is due to the fact that not much value is placed on Yorùbá culture anymore and this is very inimical to the socio-cultural belief of the people.</em></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong><em>culture, traditional Drums, technology, socio-cultural belief</em></p><p>_________________________________________</p><p>DOI &gt; <a href="https://search.crossref.org/?q=10.24071%2Fjoll.2019.190214">https://doi.org/10.24071/joll.2019.190214</a></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p> </p>

Social context and translation of public notices

Babel ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meifang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Systemic Functional Linguistics ◽  
Present Writer ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Language Functions ◽  
Single Text ◽  
The Social ◽  
Text Types

To study the translation of public notice is in effect seeking insights which take us beyond translation itself towards the whole relationship between language activity and the social context in which the translation is intended to function. Social context is an important aspect in the study of language and translation because the three are inextricably linked. This paper attempts to investigate the text types, text functions and the translations of public notices functioning in the social context of Macao SAR of China. It tries to deduce about the contexts in which the ST and TT were produced, the purpose for which they were produced and the target reader for whom they were produced. The study is carried out in the light of Reiss’s theory of text typology (2000) and the Hallidayan systemic functional linguistics. It is hoped that this study will identity differences in public notice translation and explore the reasons behind the differences, and also be a test case for examining the role of functional theories of language in explaining some phenomena of translation.
 Texts for the analysis are extracted from the database for a research project undertaken by the present writer, and the analysis is conducted in terms of three text types and functions: informative, expressive and operative. The results of this study reveal that although one of the language functions might be dominant in a single text in a public notice, overlapping or combining functions are very often bestowed upon most texts. They also show that although invariance in the transfer of content could be achieved in the translation of informative texts, and an analogous form in the translation could be found in the transfer of an expressive text, there are more differences than similarities in the translation of texts with operative functions.
 Possible reasons behind the differences between the source and target texts are discussed. It is argued that the differences are most possibly caused by differences in cultural values, different religious backgrounds and different expectations between readers of the source and target texts.


Research on Work Values in a Changing Economic and Social Context

2019 ◽  
Vol 682 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan Gallie
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Work Values ◽  
The Third ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Cross National

This article examines the agenda of research on work values that has been developing since the late 1960s. It distinguishes four phases, which successively broadened the scope of research on work values. The first phase focused on the likely impact of economic development and rising incomes on work values. The second interrogated the role of work values for those experiencing unemployment. The third extended the focus to gendered work values related to women’s increasing participation in the labor market. Finally, there has been increased interest in the strength of role attachment to a job and organization. In each area of research, the growth over time of cross-national comparative studies has revealed variations in work values across countries that point to the importance of understanding differences in institutional structures and cultural values.

scholarly journals CURATING MEMORIES: THE ROLE OF EMOTION IN THE DIGITAL MEMORY WORK OF YOUNG WOMEN ON INSTAGRAM & FACEBOOK

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Annabell
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Memory Studies ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Past ◽  
Memory Work ◽  
Digital Memory ◽  
Feeling Rules ◽  
The Way

A core understanding in memory studies is that memory is not formed by an individual in insolation. Instead, it is guided by social frameworks and enacted within a particular social context. This is articulated by van Dijck (2007) as an inseparability of mediated memories from culture. Accordingly, the active, purposeful creation of and re-engagement with digital traces of the past in the present on Instagram and Facebook by young women can be situated in the postfeminist, neoliberal environment. Significantly, the particular expectations and pressures on how young women should feel and act intersect with the performance of digital memory work. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the particular ‘feeling rules’ (Kanai, 2019) articulated by the young women and consider more broadly the role that emotion plays in shaping the performance of digital memory work on Instagram and Facebook. I draw on data gathered from semi-structured interviews with young women aged between 18 and 21 living in London, and ethnographic observations of their Instagram and Facebook profiles. This is complemented with a socioeconomic platform analysis (van Dijck, 2013) and a technical walkthrough (Light et al. 2016), carried out to examine how Instagram and Facebook encourage particular emotions to be expressed and the entanglement of memory and emotion in their memory product. The analysis explores the overlap between the encouragement by platforms and expectations of the postfeminist environment for happy moments to be shared with the way that different emotions influence what is shared by participants.

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