Pervasive Developmental Disorders: Autism, Asperger's Syndrome, and Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified

2009 ◽  
pp. 229-241
Author(s):  
Morley D. Glicken
Keyword(s):  
Pervasive Developmental Disorder ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Asperger's Syndrome ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
Asperger’S Syndrome ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified

scholarly journals Analysis of Copper and Zinc Plasma Concentration and the Efficacy of Zinc Therapy in Individuals with Asperger's Syndrome, Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) and Autism

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. BMI.S7286 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Russo ◽  
Robert deVito
Keyword(s):  
Pervasive Developmental Disorder ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Asperger's Syndrome ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
Asperger’S Syndrome ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Plasma Zinc ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Copper And Zinc

Aim To assess plasma zinc and copper concentration in individuals with Asperger's Syndrome, Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) and autistic disorder, and to analyze the efficacy of zinc therapy on the normalization of zinc and copper levels and symptom severity in these disorders. Subjects and methods Plasma from 79 autistic individuals, 52 individuals with PDD-NOS, 21 individuals with Asperger's Syndrome (all meeting DSM-IV diagnostic criteria), and 18 age and gender similar neurotypical controls, were tested for plasma zinc and copper using inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Results Autistic and PDD-NOS individuals had significantly elevated plasma levels of copper. None of the groups (autism, Asperger's or PDD-NOS) had significantly lower plasma zinc concentrations. Post zinc and B-6 therapy, individuals with autism and PDD-NOS had significantly lower levels of copper, but individuals with Asperger's did not have significantly lower copper. Individuals with autism, PDD-NOS and Asperger's all had significantly higher zinc levels. Severity of symptoms decreased in autistic individuals following zinc and B-6 therapy with respect to awareness, receptive language, focus and attention, hyperactivity, tip toeing, eye contact, sound sensitivity, tactile sensitivity and seizures. None of the measured symptoms worsened after therapy. None of the symptoms in the Asperger's patients improved after therapy. Discussion These results suggest an association between copper and zinc plasma levels and individuals with autism, PDD-NOS and Asperger's Syndrome. The data also indicates that copper levels normalize (decrease to levels of controls) in individuals with autism and PDD-NOS, but not in individuals with Asperger's. These same Asperger's patients do not improve with respect to symptoms after therapy, whereas many symptoms improved in the autism group. This may indicate an association between copper levels and symptom severity.

Educational Activity Suggestion System of Children With Pervasive Developmental Disorder for Guiding Education and Training Staff Activities

2022 ◽  
pp. 448-471
Author(s):  
Duygu Çelik Ertuğrul ◽  
Atilla Elçi
Keyword(s):  
Pervasive Developmental Disorder ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Developmental Progress ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Training

Individuals with pervasive developmental disorders should be supported with special education programs that are planned according to the type and degree of the disorder, age, characteristics, and needs of the individual. Search over internet resources may provide suitable educational material and methods (and associated activity/game). However, syntactic search in today's static-based internet is insufficient to offer desired relevant results. An intelligent system able to identify the needed educational methods and material with the help of semantic web-based agents will not only contribute to the development of individuals with disorders, and support education specialists in this process, but also be extremely useful for the families of these individuals in assisting and monitoring their child's developmental progress. In this chapter, an agent-based educational activity suggestion system of children with pervasive developmental disorder for guiding education and training staff activities is proposed.

Firesetting in an Adolescent Boy with Asperger's Syndrome

1990 ◽  
Vol 157 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Paul Everall ◽  
Ann Lecouteur
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorder ◽  
Asperger's Syndrome ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
Asperger’S Syndrome ◽  
Conduct Disorders

Firesetting in children and adolescents is commonly associated with other antisocial acts that comprise conduct disorders. Asperger's syndrome is a rare pervasive developmental disorder. In the case presented we argue that the firesetting arose from the disabilities inherent in Asperger's syndrome. This also indicates that antisocial acts may be symptoms in other psychiatric syndromes as well as a specific conduct disorder.

Inquiry into the Incidence of Hyperlexia in a Statewide Population of Children with Pervasive Developmental Disorder

1985 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 236-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry Burd ◽  
Jacob Kerbeshian ◽  
Wayne Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Reading Skills ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
School Aged Children

Hyperlexia is a condition occurring in a group of children who traditionally have been described as having word-recognition reading skills which far exceed their other language and cognitive abilities. The incidence of this particular skill in a group of children with pervasive developmental disorders had not previously been documented. In the state of North Dakota 68 children who meet DSM-III criteria for pervasive developmental disorders (including autism) have been identified. Four of these children show hyperlexia. This computes to a prevalence rate of 6.6% of school-aged children with pervasive developmental disorders.

Difficulties in the Understanding of False Belief: Specific to Autism and other Pervasive Developmental Disorders?

1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Peter Muris ◽  
Pim Steerneman ◽  
Harald Merckelbach
Keyword(s):  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
False Belief ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
False Belief Task ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Atypical Autism ◽  
Better Than

The present study examined the performance on a false belief task of atypical autistic children, i.e., children with a pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified ( n = 50), socially immature children (n = 50), and normal children ( n = 50). Children were shown a chocolate box and its unexpected content, i.e., a pencil, and then required to indicate what a friend would say about the content of the box. Results can be summarized: (1) over-all, 3-year-old children performed less well than children of 6 years. (2) Responses of 3-year-old atypical autistic and socially immature children did not differ significantly from those of normal children of the same age. (3) At age 6, normal children performed better than atypical autistic and socially immature children. (4) In general, no differences in performance between atypical autistic and socially immature children were found, and (5) their performance was linked to intelligence. The results support prior findings that atypical autistic children find it difficult to understand false beliefs; however, this difficulty does not seem to be specific for (atypical) autism, but might be a common feature of social immaturity in general.

Asperger's Syndrome and Tourette Syndrome

1986 ◽  
Vol 148 (6) ◽  
pp. 731-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Kerbeshian ◽  
Larry Burd
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorder ◽  
Asperger's Syndrome ◽  
English Language ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
Asperger’S Syndrome ◽  
Infantile Autism ◽  
Language Literature

We review the English-language literature on Asperger's syndrome (AS), with particular reference to diagnostic criteria and differentiation from infantile autism and personality disorders, and describe six cases seen in practice; all met DSM-III criteria for ‘atypical pervasive developmental disorder’. Three also developed Tourette syndrome: the co-occurrence of the two disorders, and methods of intervention, are discussed.

Making contact – bereavement and Asperger's syndrome

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey M Marston ◽  
David Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disability ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Asperger's Syndrome ◽  
Asperger’S Syndrome ◽  
Concurrent Assessment

AbstractA case of abnormal bereavement is described in a man with borderline learning disability and Asperger's syndrome. Bereavement issues and concurrent assessment of psychiatric illness in people with pervasive developmental disorders are discussed. Particular reference is made to relevant psychopathology and possible underlying psychodynamic mechanisms.

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