Abstract: The Jialing River is one of the main branches of the Changjiang River. The average annual runoff of Beibei hydrometric station in Jialing River is 16% of Yichang in Changjiang River, and the average annual sediment load at Beibei is 25% of Yichang, so the Jialing River is one of the main sediment source watersheds to the Three Gorges Reservoir. About 25.8% erosion area has been improved at the end of 1996, since the Jialing River watershed has implemented soil and water conservation project from 1989. The result shows the sediment load in Jialing River watershed has the obvious reduction trend after 1989 by analysis and comparison of runoff and sediment yield before and after the implementation of soil and water conservation. It is advantageous to develop reservoir’s synthetic benefit for reducting the reservoir sediment.