5.22 Improving the Predictive Value of Self-Report in Adult ADHD Diagnosis

Objective: The objective was to assess the clinical utility of the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-v1.1) in identifying ADHD in alcoholics using the Psychiatric Research Interview for Substance and Mental Disorders (PRISM) as the diagnostic “gold standard.” Method: We performed a secondary analysis of data from 379 treatment-seeking alcoholics who completed the ASRS-v1.1 and the ADHD module of the PRISM. Data analysis included descriptive statistics. Results: The prevalence of ADHD was 7.7% (95% CI = [5.4, 10.8]). The positive predictive value (PPV) of the ASRS-v1.1 was 18.1% (95% CI = [12.4, 25.7]) and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 97.6% (95% CI = [94.9, 98.9]). The ASRS-v1.1 demonstrated a sensitivity of 79.3% (95% CI = [61.6, 90.2]) and a specificity of 70.3% (95% CI = [65.3, 74.8]). Conclusion: The ASRS-v1.1 demonstrated acceptable sensitivity and specificity in a sample of treatment-seeking alcoholics when compared with the PRISM as the reference standard for ADHD diagnosis.

Download Full-text

Adult ADHD diagnosis and binge eating disorder

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.578 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S485-S485

Author(s):

J. Sevilla Vicente ◽

I. Basurte Villamor ◽

A. Sedano Capdevila ◽

M. Migoya Borja ◽

R. Navarro Jímenez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorder ◽

Binge Eating ◽

Binge Eating Disorder ◽

Adult Adhd ◽

Rating Scales ◽

Depressive Symptomatology ◽

Food Addiction ◽

Self Report ◽

Adhd Diagnosis ◽

Competing Interest

The association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and eating disorders has not been yet clarified. The presence of ADHD was significantly correlated with more severe binge eating, bulimic behaviors, and depressive symptomatology. The aim of this work is to study the relationship between ADHD subtypes in adults and the risk of food addiction (binge eating disorder).The sample was collected on a specific program for adults with ADHD diagnosis in Madrid (Spain). In total, the sample was 110 patients, and we collected information about socio-demographic factors. All patients met DSM-5 criteria for ADHD in different subtypes. We used the conner's Adult ADHD rating scales and the Barrat impulsiveness scale. Also we used the Shorter Promise Questionnaire. This is a 16 scale self-report instrument to measure an individual's level of addictive tendency.The 36.4% were at high risk of developing a food addiction. For binge eating disorder (BE), no statistically significant differences were found by gender within patients with ADHD.Binge eating was significantly related to the impulsivity and emotional liability subscale of the CAARS (P < 0.05). The risk of develop BE in ADHD was 4.7 (CI 95% 1.8–12.07). Binge eating was significantly related to the total score on the Barrat scale (P < 0.05) Risk of 3,5 (CI 95% 1.5–7.9) and within the subtypes of impulsivity, motor impulsiveness was the one that was significantly related to BE (P < 0.001)There is a clear relationship between impulsiveness symptoms and BE in patients with ADHD. It's important to note that there are no gender differences within ADHA patients to develop a BE disorder.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Download Full-text

Assessment of Adult ADHD With College Students

Journal of Attention Disorders ◽

10.1177/1087054717698222 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (14) ◽

pp. 1729-1735 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Morgan B. Drake ◽

Cynthia A. Riccio ◽

Nicole Svenkerud Hale

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Social Stress ◽

Adult Adhd ◽

Total Sample ◽

Self Report ◽

Adhd Symptoms ◽

Symptom Presentation ◽

Adhd Diagnosis ◽

Additional Information ◽

Factors Influencing

Objective: When assessing adult ADHD, self-report measures are commonly used to guide clinical diagnosis. Self-report measures may be broadband covering a range of behaviors or narrowband and specific to symptoms associated with ADHD. Method: This study examined the results of broadband and narrowband measures for college students referred for evaluation of ADHD at a university clinic. Results: With consideration of diagnosis, which included additional information, the group of students who received a diagnosis of ADHD differed significantly from those who did not receive an ADHD diagnosis only on the symptom sets associated with ADHD for both the broadband and narrowband. At the same time, for the total sample, significant correlations emerged for ADHD symptoms with social stress, anxiety, and sense of inadequacy. Conclusion: This suggests the need for consideration of alternative or co-occurring factors influencing symptom presentation and functional impairment.

Download Full-text

Assessing Adult ADHD Using a Self-Report Symptom Checklist

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.2001.88.3.871 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 88 (3) ◽

pp. 871-881 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

James P. O'Donnell ◽

Kathleen K. McCann ◽

Steve Pluth

Keyword(s):

Power Analysis ◽

Adult Adhd ◽

Predictive Power ◽

Self Report ◽

Control Group ◽

Adhd Symptoms ◽

Adhd Assessment ◽

Adhd Diagnosis ◽

Report Symptom ◽

Dsm Iv

The self-ratings of DSM-IV ADHD symptoms by adults reporting a previous ADHD diagnosis were contrasted with ratings by controls matched for age and sex. Adults previously diagnosed with ADHD endorsed significantly more symptoms of inattention and of hyperactivity–impulsivity. Specifically, 13 of the 18 DSM-IV ADHD symptoms were endorsed more frequently by the group previously diagnosed with ADHD than by the control group. Predictive power analysis showed that persons endorsing ADHD symptoms were highly likely to have reported a prior ADHD diagnosis. Finally, the data suggested that the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria of 6 symptoms of inattention or 6 symptoms of hyperactivity–impulsivity could be appropriately applied during adult ADHD assessment.

Download Full-text

Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale--Italian Version

PsycTESTS Dataset ◽

10.1037/t72906-000 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Antonella Somma ◽

Serena Borroni ◽

Andrea Fossati

Keyword(s):

Adult Adhd ◽

Self Report ◽

Italian Version

Download Full-text

Adult Adhd Diagnosis and Binge Eating Disorder

10.26226/morressier.58d4fec5d462b8028d89232b ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Juncal Sevilla

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorder ◽

Binge Eating ◽

Binge Eating Disorder ◽

Adult Adhd ◽

Adhd Diagnosis

Download Full-text

Samuel, D.B. & Ranseen, J.R. (2006, October). Stimulant medication’s effects on adult ADHD symptoms and NEO PI-R personality traits

10.31234/osf.io/6drtx ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Douglas Samuel ◽

John D. Ranseen

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Neuropsychological Tests ◽

Adult Adhd ◽

Self Report ◽

Emotional States ◽

Limited Information ◽

Stimulant Treatment ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Dsm Iv ◽

Adhd Symptomatology

Previous studies have indicated a consistent profile of basic personality traits correlated with adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) (e.g., Ranseen, Campbell, & Baer, 1998; Nigg et al., 2002). In particular, research has found that low scores of the Conscientiousness trait and high scores on Neuroticism have been correlated with ADHD symptomatology. However, to date there is limited information concerning the range of effect resulting from medication treatment for adult ADHD. During an 18 month period, 60 adults were diagnosed with ADHD based on strict, DSM-IV criteria at an outpatient clinic. This evaluation included a battery of neuropsychological tests and a measure of general personality (i.e., the NEO PI-R). Eleven of these participants returned to complete the battery a second time. The pre-post comparisons revealed significant changes following sustained stimulant treatment on both the neuropsychological and self-report measures. These individuals also displayed significant changes on two domains of the NEO PI-R. They showed a significant decrease on the domain of Neuroticism, indicating that now see themselves as less prone to experience negative emotional states such as anxiety and depression. Additionally, they also reported a significant increase on their scores on the domain of conscientiousness. This increase suggests that they see themselves as more organized and dependable.

Download Full-text

The Feasibility, Effectiveness, and Process of Change of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Adults With ADHD: A Mixed-Method Pilot Study

Journal of Attention Disorders ◽

10.1177/1087054717727350 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 928-942 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lotte Janssen ◽

Alicia M. de Vries ◽

Sevket Hepark ◽

Anne E. M. Speckens

Keyword(s):

Executive Functioning ◽

Cognitive Therapy ◽

Mixed Method ◽

Adult Adhd ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Self Report ◽

Adhd Symptoms ◽

Process Of Change ◽

Mindfulness Skills ◽

Self Compassion

Objective: Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) is a promising psychosocial intervention for adult ADHD. The feasibility and effectiveness of an adapted MBCT program is explored, together with the possible process of change. Method: Mixed-method study with 31 ADHD patients participating in an adapted MBCT program. Self-report questionnaires on ADHD symptoms, executive functioning, mindfulness skills, self-compassion, patient functioning, and health status were administered before and after MBCT. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 patients. Results: A modest drop-out of n = 5 (16%) was found. MBCT resulted in a significant reduction of ADHD symptoms and improvements of executive functioning, self-compassion, and mental health. Qualitative analysis provided insight in facilitators and barriers participants experienced, and their process of change. Conclusion: The adapted MBCT program seemed to be feasible for adults with ADHD and preliminary evidence for the effectiveness is shown. An adequately powered Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) is needed to further examine the effectiveness of MBCT for ADHD.

Download Full-text

The Utility of Self-Report Measures and the Continuous Performance Test in the Diagnosis of ADHD in Adults

CNS Spectrums ◽

10.1017/s1092852900001929 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 649-659 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Mary V. Solanto ◽

Kenneth Etefia ◽

David J. Marks

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Attention Deficit Disorder ◽

Adult Adhd ◽

Performance Test ◽

Continuous Performance Test ◽

Self Report ◽

Continuous Performance ◽

Presenting Symptoms ◽

Axis I

ABSTRACTBackground: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) occurs in as many as 4% of adults yet it is often not recognized in clinical settings because the presenting symptoms may resemble those seen in other disorders or because symptoms may be masked by commonly comorbid conditions such as anxiety and depression.Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the diagnostic utility of instruments commonly used in the assessment of adults presenting with symptoms of ADHD.Methods: We reviewed several widely used self-report and laboratory measures and empirically examined the utility of the Brown Attention-Deficit Disorder Scale for Adults (Brown ADD Scale) and the Conners Continuous Performance Test (CPT) in differentially identifying adults with ADHD and those with other Axis I disorders.Results:Ninety-three adults who self-referred to the ADHD program for adults at a university medical center participated in the study. Of these, 44 had ADHD combined subtype (ADHD-CB), and 26 had ADHD, predominantly inattentive subtype (ADHD-IA). Thirty-three non-ADHD adults diagnosed with Axis I mood or anxiety disorders comprised an “Other Psychiatric” group. Rates of comorbid disorders, including substance abuse, in the ADHD groups were typical of those reported in the adult ADHD literature. Data on the Brown ADD Scale and on the CPT were available for subsets of 61 and 46 participants, respectively. Analyses showed that the ADHD-CB, ADHD-IA, and Other Psychiatric groups all received mean scores in the clinical range on the Brown ADD Scale, with a trend toward even higher elevations in the two ADHD groups. Among 12 CPT variables assessed for the three groups, the mean scores on only two variables for the ADHD-IA group were clinically elevated. Neither the Brown ADD Scale nor CPT scores evinced sufficient sensitivity and specificity to qualify them to assist in differential diagnosis of ADHD vis-a-vis other, predominantly internalizing, psychiatric disorders.Conclusion: The results indicate a need for closer examination of executive and adaptive functioning in adults with ADHD compared with those with internalizing disorders in order to identify features that could assist in differential diagnosis.

Download Full-text

Preliminary psychometric characteristics of the Serbian adaptation of the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale: ASRS-v1.1 and ASRS-5

Psiholoska istrazivanja ◽

10.5937/psistra23-24869 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 97-120

Author(s):

Aleksandar Batoćanin ◽

Bojana Dinić

Keyword(s):

Factor Structure ◽

Adult Adhd ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Self Report ◽

Dimensional Structure ◽

Symptom Checklist ◽

Psychometric Characteristics ◽

Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽

Risky Behaviours ◽

Inattention And Hyperactivity

The aim of the research is to explore the psychometric characteristics of the Serbian adaptation of the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-v1.1) Symptom Checklist and Screener, as well as the Adult ADHD Self-Report Screening Scale for DSM-5 (ASRS-5). In addition to these scales, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), Dickman Impulsivity Inventory (DII) and the questions about frequency of risky behaviours (use of alcohol, cigarettes and drugs, overeating, and physical aggression) were administrated on the sample of 226 adults from the general population (43.8% males). The results of confirmatory factor analysis supported the one-factor structure of the ASRS-5. The three-factor structure had the best fit indices for the ASRS-v1.1 Symptom Checklist (inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity factors), while the two-factor structure was the best for the ASRS-v1.1 Screener (inattention and hyperactivity factors). However, there was a large profile similarity between factors, which calls into question their discriminant validity. All scales correlated significantly with dysfunctional impulsivity and aspects of psychological distress, with ASRS-5 having the largest number of correlations with risky behaviours. There were no sex differences, and correlations with age were negative. It can be concluded that, although all scales show satisfactory psychometric characteristics, ASRS-5 is the preferred one, given its clear one-dimensional structure and somewhat better validity.

Download Full-text