Chlorhexidine Gluconate Attenuates the Ability of Lipoteichoic Acid from Enterococcus faecalis to Stimulate Toll-like Receptor 2

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Kyung Lee ◽  
Jung Eun Baik ◽  
Cheol-Heui Yun ◽  
Kangseok Lee ◽  
Seung Hyun Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gluconate ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 2

scholarly journals Lipoteichoic Acid and Toll-like Receptor 2 Internalization and Targeting to the Golgi Are Lipid Raft-dependent

2004 ◽  
Vol 279 (39) ◽  
pp. 40882-40889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Triantafilou ◽  
Maria Manukyan ◽  
Alan Mackie ◽  
Siegfried Morath ◽  
Thomas Hartung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Raft ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 2

scholarly journals Cellular trafficking of lipoteichoic acid and Toll-like receptor 2 in relation to signaling; role of CD14 and CD36

2008 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 280-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadra J. Nilsen ◽  
Susanne Deininger ◽  
Unni Nonstad ◽  
Frode Skjeldal ◽  
Harald Husebye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Cellular Trafficking ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 2

scholarly journals Toll-like receptor-2 deficiency induces schizophrenia-like behaviors in mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Se Jin Park ◽  
Jee Youn Lee ◽  
Sang Jeong Kim ◽  
Se-Young Choi ◽  
Tae Young Yune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 2 ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Dysregulation of the immune system contributes to the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. Here, we demonstrated that toll-like receptor (TLR)-2, a family of pattern-recognition receptors, is involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia-like symptoms. Psychotic symptoms such as hyperlocomotion, anxiolytic-like behaviors, prepulse inhibition deficits, social withdrawal and cognitive impairments were observed in TLR-2 knock-out (KO) mice. Ventricle enlargement, a hallmark of schizophrenia, was also observed in TLR-2 KO mouse brains. Levels of p-Akt and p-GSK-3α/β were markedly higher in the brain of TLR-2 KO than wild-type (WT) mice. Antipsychotic drugs such as haloperidol or clozapine reversed behavioral and biochemical alterations in TLR-2 KO mice. Furthermore, p-Akt and p-GSK-3α/β were decreased by treatment with a TLR-2 ligand, lipoteichoic acid, in WT mice. Thus, our data suggest that the dysregulation of the innate immune system by a TLR-2 deficiency may contribute to the development and/or pathophysiology of schizophrenia-like behaviors via Akt-GSK-3α/β signaling.

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