Statistical research on the fate of dietary mineral elements in dry and lactating cows IV. Chloride

SUMMARYStatistical analyses were carried out on the data obtained under very strict conditions in metabolism stalls with 41 different rations fed to 127 adult non-pregnant dry cows, and with 14 other different rations fed to 35 adult non-pregnant lactating cows that had calved 2 to 6 months earlier and whose daily milk production ranged from 11 to 20 kg.The correlation between faecal and urinary losses of magnesium, magnesium in milk, digestible magnesium, and magnesium balance and the other nutritive factors of the 55 above-mentioned experimental diets have been calculated.The magnesium absorption is enhanced by increasing magnesium and calcium intake, while nitrogen and, to a lesser extent, fat, giving higher faecal losses, have an opposite effect. There is no influence at this level of lactating requirements.The urinary losses of magnesium are not related to the magnesium intake and digestibility, and the balance is thus directly proportional to the digestible amounts. But this balance is decreased when the diet contains more dry matter or energy, to the benefit of urine in dry cows. We were not able to determine whether this balance reduction also benefits the milk production in the lactating cows.Our results demonstrate that the faecal endogenous losses of magnesium can be highly variable.The balance of magnesium is frequently but not inevitably negative in cows with a daily milk production of 11–20 kg.

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Statistical research on the fate of dietary mineral elements in dry and lactating cows: I. Calcium

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600014611 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 71 (2) ◽

pp. 173-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

R. Paquay ◽

F. Lomba ◽

A. Lousse ◽

V. Bienfet

Keyword(s):

Urinary Excretion ◽

Milk Production ◽

Mineral Elements ◽

Urinary Calcium ◽

Calcium Excretion ◽

Calcium Balance ◽

Statistical Research ◽

Lactating Cows ◽

Daily Milk Production ◽

Daily Milk

SUMMARYStatistical analyses were carried out on the data obtained under strictly controlled conditions in metabolism stalls with 41 different rations fed to 127 adult non-pregnant dry cows, and with 14 other different rations fed to 35 adult non-pregnant lactating cows that had calved 2–6 months earlier and whose daily milk production ranged from 11 to 20 kg. The authors have calculated and studied the correlations between faecal and urinary calcium losses, calcium excretion in the milk, digestible calcium, and calcium balance, and the 75 other nutritive factors which were analysed for each of the 55 above-mentioned experimental diets. The results showed that calcium metabolism is regulated in the digestive tract, and the fact that the lactation calcium requirements increase at the same time as the amounts of digestible calcium and the calcium balance corroborates this statement. But except for this endogenous factor of resorption, the fate of the dietary calcium does not depend on the ingested amounts but on the nature itself of the components of the diets and their proportions in the diets. Cereals, and especially barley, have from this point of view a particular beneficial effect. These factors act on the absorption of calcium and thus directly on the balance, since the daily urinary excretion of calcium is generally small and independent. It has also been demonstrated that the balance is not inevitably negative in cows with a daily milk production of 11–20kg, and that a careful composition of the rations should enable one to equilibrate it.The other nutritive factors do not work on calcium utilization, but a close parallel exists between digestibility, urinary excretion and balance of both calcium and magnesium.

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Statistical research on the fate of dietary mineral elements in dry and lactating cows III. Phosphorus

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600014416 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 73 (2) ◽

pp. 215-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

F. Lomba ◽

R. Paquay ◽

V. Bienfet ◽

A. Lousse

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Mineral Elements ◽

Statistical Research ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Phosphorus Balance ◽

Lactating Cows ◽

Daily Milk Production ◽

The Many ◽

Phosphorus Requirements ◽

Phosphorus Losses

SUMMARYStatistical analyses were carried out on the data obtained under very strict conditions in metabolism stalls with 41 different rations fed to 127 adult non-pregnant dry cows and with 14 other different rations fed to 35 adult non-pregnant lactating cows that had calved 2–6 months earlier and whose daily milk production ranged from 11 to 20 kg.The correlations between faecal and urinary phosphorus losses, phosphorus in milk, digestible phosphorus and phosphorus balance and the other nutritive factors of the 55 above-mentioned experimental diets have been calculated.In dry and lactating cows, with very variable intakes of phosphorus, phosphorus faecal and urinary losses show very wide variations and may be important. They are not influenced by phosphorus intake, and are related, among the many other nutritional factors we analysed only to ingested water and to a lesser extent to the nitrogen of the diet.The phosphorus balance is thus also very much variable and not really related to the composition of the ration.This low influence of the diet on the apparent fate of phosphorus can be explained by the interference of unpredictable but certainly quite variable endogenous phosphorus excretion, which is also probably responsible for the effect we found of individual factors and of the previous nutritional status.In the lactating cows, the phosphorus requirements for milk production influence the utilization of phosphorus since a significant correlation exists between phosphorus secreted in the milk and urinary phosphorus.In our experimental conditions, the Ca: P ratio does not seem to influence the fate of dietary calcium and phosphorus.

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Statistical research on the fate of dietary mineral elements in dry and lactating cows V. Potassium

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600020062 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 73 (3) ◽

pp. 445-452 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

R. Paquay ◽

F. Lomba ◽

A. Lousse ◽

V. Bienfet

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Close Correlation ◽

Mineral Elements ◽

Potassium Excretion ◽

Statistical Research ◽

Potassium Balance ◽

Lactating Cows ◽

Dietary Potassium ◽

Urinary Potassium ◽

Daily Milk Production

SummaryStatistical analyses were carried out on the data obtained under strictly controlled conditions in metabolism stalls with 41 different rations fed to 127 adult non-pregnant dry cows, and with 14 other different rations fed to 35 adult non-pregnant lactating cows that had calved 2–6 months earlier and whose daily milk production ranged from 11 to 20 kg.The authors have calculated and studied the correlations between faecal and urinary potassium losses, potassium excretion in the milk, digestible potassium and potassium balance, and the 75 other nutritive factors which were analysed for each of the 55 above mentioned experimental diets.The results show that three nutritional factors, potassium, dry-matter and nitrogen intakes, influence the fate of dietary potassium. The apparent digestibility of potassium is hyperbolically related to potassium content of the diet since the true digestibility of potassium is very high, unrelated to potassium intake and rather constant and since about 2·2 g of endogenous potassium are excreted in the faeces per kg of ingested dry matter.The quantities of digestible potassium strongly influence both the potassium urinary outputs and potassium balance. An increase in digestible dry matter enhances too the urinary potassium excretion as well as faecal output and lower potassium balance twice as much.But the most interesting feature in the potassium metabolism is that at any level, ingestion, digestion, excretion, there is a very close correlation between potassium and nitrogen.

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Statistical research on the fate of dietary mineral elements in dry and lactating cows

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600020074 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 73 (3) ◽

pp. 453-458 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

F. Lomba ◽

R. Paquay ◽

V. Bienfet ◽

A. Lousse

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Sodium Intake ◽

Sodium Content ◽

Mineral Elements ◽

Dietary Sodium ◽

Sodium Balance ◽

Statistical Research ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Lactating Cows

SUMMARYStatistical analyses were carried out on the data obtained under strictly controlled conditions in metabolism stalls with 41 different rations fed to 127 adult non-pregnant dry cows, and with 14 other different rations fed to 35 adult non-pregnant lactating cows that had calved 2–6 months earlier and whose daily milk production ranged from 11 to 20 kg.The authors have calculated and studied the correlations between faecal and urinary sodium losses, sodium excretion in the milk, digestible sodium and sodium balance and the 75 other nutritive factors which were analysedfor each of the 55 above mentioned experimental diets.The most important factor in the fate of sodium is the amount of dietary sodium. Sodium digestibility is neither total nor constant: faecal losses and digestible amounts are enhanced when sodium intake is increased and faecal losses are also positively correlated with dry matter and nitrogen intakes. An increase in digestible sodium benefits both urinary excretion and balance, the latter being reduced by an increase in dry matter and nitrogen intake.Sodium balance is always negative when sodium content of the diet is lower than 0.1% in the dry cows and 0.2% in the lactating cows. In our experimental conditions, the sodium requirements for milk production do not influence sodium digestibility, but are met above all to the detriment of urinary losses.

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Biochemical processes in cows and the biological value of milk under influence of cobalt citrate

Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology ◽

10.15421/nvlvet7437 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (74) ◽

Author(s):

M. Khomyn ◽

I. Kovalchuk ◽

S. Kropyvka ◽

M. Tsap

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Total Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Inorganic Phosphorus ◽

Animal Blood ◽

Biological Value ◽

Biochemical Processes ◽

Mineral Supplements ◽

Daily Milk Production ◽

Daily Milk

The aim of research was to study the effect of different amounts of cobalt citrate produced by nanotechnology on biochemical processes in cows, their productivity and biological value of milk in the first two months of lactation. To achieve this goal the subsequent problems have been solved. We investigated the effect of different amounts of cobalt citrate on biochemical parameters of blood and milk of cows and controlled their average daily yield. The experiment has been conducted in 3 groups of cows (5 cows each) of Ukrainian black and white dairy cattle, analogue by body weight (590–620 kg), performance (6,5–6,8 thousand kg of milk per past lactation) and lactation (3–4 lactation). Unlike the control cows, animals experimental (ІІ) group for two months were fed by mineral supplements in the form of cobalt citrate in an amount of 19 mg Co/kg of dry matter of diet and research (ІІІ) – cobalt citrate in an amount of 34 mg Co/kg of dry matter of diet. Duration of cobalt citrate feeding of cows of research groups was 2 months. In all groups of cows the samples of venous blood were taken in preparation for feeding additives period and during 60 day of additives feeding period in order to determine the concentration of total protein, ceruloplasmin, sialic acids, hexoses bound to proteins and activity of amino transferases. The milk production has been controlled in days of sampling with the definition of daily milk yield per cow and taking an average sample for the determination of milk fat, protein, lactose, inorganic phosphorus and calcium. It has been established that the inclusion in the diet of cows of experimental (ІІ) group of mineral supplements contributed to an increase in animal blood total protein content by 11.9% (P < 0.05), inorganic phosphorus by 15.3% (P < 0.05) and hexoses bound protein by 8.8% (P < 0.05). Under these conditions milk content of inorganic phosphorus increased by 5.6% (P < 0.05) and average daily milk production increased by 4.5%. The use of mineral additives in third experimental group of animals within two months contributed to an increase in blood ceruloplasmin content by 5.1% (P < 0.05) and hexoses bound protein by 11.5% (P < 0.01). Mineral supplements promote 5.4% raise of average daily milk production and increase it to the lactose content by 0.10% (in absolute).

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Yield and chemical composition of milk of grazing and supplemented Tropical Milking criollo cows

Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria ◽

10.21930/rcta.vol22_num1_art:1515 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Adalberto Rosendo Ponce ◽

Adrián Sánchez Gómez ◽

Ángel Ríos Ortíz ◽

Glafiro Torres Hernández ◽

Carlos Miguel Becerril Pérez

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Milk Production ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Daily Production ◽

Commercial Feed ◽

Multiplicative Effect ◽

Increase Milk Production ◽

Daily Milk Production ◽

Brachiaria Mutica ◽

Daily Milk

Milk production under grazing conditions is carried out in the intertropical region of hot climates due to its low production cost. The Tropical Milking criollo breed (LT) is characterized by its hardiness in this region, and its high milk quality and cheese yield. Grazing supplementation can increase milk production; however, it can also change its chemical composition. The effect of supplementation with commercial feed in LT cows was evaluated concerning the quantity and physicochemical traits of their milk by lactation. The treatments used were feeding based only on grazing para grass (Brachiaria mutica) and grazing plus 1 kg supplementation with 20 % protein commercial feed for every 5 kg of milk produced daily. The daily milk production per cow increased from 5.82 ± 0.18 to 7.10 ± 0.18 kg due to supplementation. Dry matter intake was similar in both treatments. The concentration of fat, protein, lactose, non-fat, and total solids did not suffer modifications (p > 0.05), but the daily production of each component per cow increased in animals supplemented due to the multiplicative effect of the amount of milk. The number of calvings affected milk production, fat, and ureic nitrogen in milk, and somatic cell count (p ≤ 0.05). It can be concluded that the supplementation used in this study was enough to increase milk production by 22 %, without modifying its chemical composition.

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Increasing Economic Efficiency of Cow Milk Production in the First Phase of Lactation

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.l3634.1081219 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 4072-4074

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Economic Efficiency ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Cow Milk ◽

Feed Supplement ◽

Feed Mixture ◽

Lactating Cows ◽

Service Period ◽

Daily Milk Yield ◽

Daily Milk

The article considers the economic efficiency of the use of the PassPro Balance feed product for lactating cows based on the increase of their productivity and reproductive qualities. The study has found that the use of the PassPro Balance feed supplement in the ration of Simmental cows during milking period increases the consumption of feed mixture by 0.9% and dry matter – by 5.4%, average daily milk yield – by 29.2% (P<0.01) and profitability level of milk production – by 7.8%, as well as reduces the service period by 5.0% and the consumption of concentrates for the production of 1 kg of basic fat milk by 22.8%.

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Association of production factors with milk IgA and IgM concentrations in normal lactating cows

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029910000336 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 77 (4) ◽

pp. 481-486 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shengguo Zhao ◽

Chungang Zhang ◽

Jiaqi Wang ◽

Dengpan Bu ◽

Guanglei Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Somatic Cell ◽

Milk Production ◽

Milk Composition ◽

Lactating Cows ◽

Stage Of Lactation ◽

Production Factors ◽

Lactation Stage ◽

Chinese Holstein Cows ◽

Daily Milk Production ◽

Daily Milk

Concentrations of IgA and IgM in milk from normal lactating cows were measured to determine whether they were affected by lactation number, lactation stage, daily milk production, milk composition and somatic cell score (SCS). A total of 284 Chinese Holstein cows showing no signs of mastitis were selected from more than 1600 cows from one farm. Concentrations of IgA and IgM in normal milk were determined by ELISA. Results revealed that average milk IgA and IgM concentrations were 235±11 and 32±3 μg/ml, respectively. IgA and IgM concentrations in milk were found to have an association with lactation number, stage of lactation, daily milk production and SCS. Both SCS and daily milk production were found to be strong significant (P<0·01) direct factors correlating to IgA concentration. Stage of lactation and SCS were found to be strong significant (P<0·01) direct factors correlating to IgM concentration.

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EFFECTS OF STAGE OF MATURITY OF TIMOTHY HAY AND CONCENTRATE SUPPLEMENTATION ON PERFORMANCE OF LACTATING DAIRY COWS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas80-060 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 511-521 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

C. VINET ◽

R. BOUCHARD ◽

G. J. ST-LAURENT

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Production ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Sole Source ◽

Concentrate Supplementation ◽

Boot Stage ◽

Lactating Dairy Cows ◽

Gross Energy ◽

Daily Milk Production ◽

Daily Milk

The effects of concentrate supplementation of timothy hay cut at the late-boot and early-bloom was tested with dairy cows during two feeding and two digestibility trials. The diets for each trial contained the following hay to concentrate ratios: 100:0, 85:15, 70:30 and 55:45. Daily dry matter intake and fat-corrected milk production, respectively, were 15.1, 16.8, 18.6, 19.4 kg; 16.7, 20.7, 23.1, 21.0 kg for the four diets containing early-cut timothy hay and 11.0, 14.7, 17.2, 19.8 kg; 8.4, 10.7, 13.3 and 15.9 kg for the late-cut timothy hay. Percent digestibilities of the four diets containing early-cut and late-cut timothy hay, respectively, were 65.6, 65.6, 66.9, 66.8 and 53.6, 53.6, 60.2, 62.9 for dry matter; 62.5, 63.7, 65.2, 65.3 and 24.0, 39.3, 53.3, 60.0 for nitrogen; 70.3, 70.3, 68.4, 67.8 and 53.7, 53.4, 60.1, 62.6 for gross energy; 66.4, 65.3, 67.1, 66.6 and 55.0, 54.5, 61.4, 63.5 for cell wall constituents; 68.2, 65.8, 64.9, 63.4 and 50.8, 48.2, 52.7, 52.1 for acid detergent fiber. Timothy hay cut at late-boot stage as sole source of feed supported a daily milk production of 16.7 kg compared to 15.9 kg for cows consuming timothy hay cut at late-bloom stage supplemented with 9 kg of concentrate.

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