Serotonin Related Genes Affect Antidepressant Treatment in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Van Nieuwerburgh ◽  
D. Deforce ◽  
D.A.J.P. Denys
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

scholarly journals Voxel-wise meta-analysis of grey matter changes in obsessive–compulsive disorder

2009 ◽  
Vol 195 (5) ◽  
pp. 393-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquim Radua ◽  
David Mataix-Cols
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Grey Matter Volume ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Caudate Nuclei ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

BackgroundSpecific cortico-striato-thalamic circuits are hypothesised to mediate the symptoms of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), but structural neuroimaging studies have been inconsistent.AimsTo conduct a meta-analysis of published and unpublished voxel-based morphometry studies in OCD.MethodTwelve data-sets comprising 401 people with OCD and 376 healthy controls met inclusion criteria. A new improved voxel-based meta-analytic method, signed differential mapping (SDM), was developed to examine regions of increased and decreased grey matter volume in the OCD group v. control group.ResultsNo between-group differences were found in global grey matter volumes. People with OCD had increased regional grey matter volumes in bilateral lenticular nuclei, extending to the caudate nuclei, as well as decreased volumes in bilateral dorsal medial frontal/anterior cingulate gyri. A descriptive analysis of quartiles, a sensitivity analysis as well as analyses of subgroups further confirmed these findings. Meta-regression analyses showed that studies that included individuals with more severe OCD were significantly more likely to report increased grey matter volumes in the basal ganglia. No effect of current antidepressant treatment was observed.ConclusionsThe results support a dorsal prefrontal–striatal model of the disorder and raise the question of whether functional alterations in other brain regions commonly associated with OCD, such as the orbitofrontal cortex, may reflect secondary compensatory strategies. Whether the reported differences between participants with OCD and controls precede the onset of the symptoms and whether they are specific to OCD remains to be established.

Pharmacogenetic evaluation of a DISP1 gene variant in antidepressant treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. e2659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda J. Lisoway ◽  
Gwyneth Zai ◽  
Arun K. Tiwari ◽  
Clement C. Zai ◽  
Karen Wigg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Gene Variant ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Commentary: Meta-analysis of trials comparing antidepressants with active placebos

1998 ◽  
Vol 172 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Healy
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

This attempt to establish treatment effect sizes follows a tradition, which dates back over 20 years, of assessing the effects of antidepressant treatment under ‘blinder conditions'. The method adopted by Moncrieff et al has some merit but involves a recourse to studies, many of which are over 30 years old. While the studies may not be seriously flawed, it is difficult to have much confidence in them. None appears to have included what the authors describe as an ‘inert’ placebo, which strictly speaking would be a non-drug arm to the study. The number of studies is small. The dose of drugs used, which might be expected to have some influence on outcomes, is not mentioned. Finally, as experience with studies in obsessive-compulsive disorder indicates, treatment effect sizes can vary substantially from one decade to another –most probably because different individuals are recruited although all may apparently meet the same diagnostic criteria.

Pharmacogenetics of antidepressant treatment in obsessive–compulsive disorder: an update and implications for clinicians

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1147-1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwyneth Zai ◽  
Eva J Brandl ◽  
Daniel J Müller ◽  
Margaret A Richter ◽  
James L Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

scholarly journals Propensity to Sexual Response among Adults with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-133
Author(s):  
Andrea Pozza ◽  
Donatella Marazziti ◽  
Federico Mucci ◽  
Davide Dèttore
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Sexual Functioning ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sexual Response ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Sexual Excitation ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Performance Consequences

Background: Propensity to sexual excitation and inhibition is one of the key dimensions of sexuality. Clinicians working with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) patients rarely assess this and other aspects of sexuality, since treatment targets generally symptom reduction. Literature on sexual functioning in OCD patients is scarce and no study has focused on symptom subtypes, nor investigated the psychological processes related to sexual response. Objective: In the present short report, we describe an exploratory study investigating the association between symptom subtypes and propensity towards sexual excitation/inhibition in OCD patients, controlling for gender, age and antidepressant treatment. Methods: Seventy-two OCD patients (mean age = 34.50 years, 37.50% women) completed the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised and the Sexual Inhibition/Sexual Excitation Scales. Results: Patients with more severe compulsive washing habit had a lower propensity towards excitation and a higher one towards inhibition due to threat of performance consequences (i.e., contamination with sexually transmitted diseases/having an unwanted pregnancy). Patients with more severe symptoms of checking showed a higher propensity towards inhibition due to the threat of performance consequences. Gender, age and antidepressant treatment were not related to sexual functioning. Conclusion: Specific OCD symptom subtypes may be associated with some psychological processes involved in sexual response. Sexual well-being should be carefully evaluated by practitioners and should be regarded as a treatment target. Future studies should investigate more comprehensively the processes involved in sexuality.

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