Detailed head localization and incidence of skin cancers

AbstractSkin cancers are the most common neoplasms; frequently, they localize on the face. The aim of paper is to present the incidence of skin tumors in a single center from 2017 to 2019, describe trends in its frequency and find relations between neoplasms and sex, type of cancer, and its size. An analysis of histopathological files from the surgical department between 2017 and 2019 was calculated. These items were selected: sex, age, type of skin cancer, subtype of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), grading of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), localization and dimensions of the tumor. The study sample consisted of 387 cases. BCC was the most common cancer and its nodular type was the most frequent. In older patients, the vertical dimension of excised carcinoma was significantly larger. Moreover, this connection was detected only in women compared to men. There were statistically significant differences between dimensions of the skin cancer and sex. In men group, skin cancers had statistically higher vertical dimensions and larger surface areas. On the face and head, BCC more often localizes in the nasal area, while SCC on the auricle. It has been demonstrated that the older the patient, the larger the vertical dimension of the tumor. As such, tumor size is larger in men than in women, as women usually see their physicians sooner than men: cosmetic concerns are more important to them.

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Mohs Surgery versus Standard Local Excision for Basal Cell Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma, and Melanoma Skin Cancer

Facial Plastic Surgery ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1709142 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (02) ◽

pp. 133-140

Author(s):

Timothy M. Johnson ◽

Noah R. Smith

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Skin Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Local Excision ◽

Mohs Surgery ◽

Skin Cancers ◽

The Face ◽

Carcinoma Squamous Cell ◽

Melanoma Skin

AbstractBasal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma represent the three most common skin cancers that occur on the face. The most common surgical treatments for facial skin cancers are Mohs surgery and standard local excision. The effective utilization of either of these techniques is based on tumor and patient risk stratification incorporating known risk factors for occult invasion and local recurrence, combined with patient comorbidities, expectations, and desires. Best available evidence highlights multiple and consistent risk factors for each specific skin cancer type, and dictate local control rates reported in the literature. Recognizing gaps in the literature, we compare and review surgical treatment guidelines and data for standard local excision versus Mohs surgery for cutaneous nonmelanoma and melanoma skin cancer. This article serves as a resource for optimal therapeutic decision making for surgical management of skin cancer on the face.

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The incidence and clinical analysis of non-melanoma skin cancer

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83502-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Magdalena Ciążyńska ◽

Grażyna Kamińska-Winciorek ◽

Dariusz Lange ◽

Bogumił Lewandowski ◽

Adam Reich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skin Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Cancer Registries ◽

Clinical Analysis ◽

Tumour Site ◽

Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽

Skin Cancers ◽

The Face ◽

Melanoma Skin

AbstractNon-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) are the most common malignancies diagnosed in Caucasian populations. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most frequent skin cancer, followed by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Unfortunately, most European cancer registries do not record individual types of NMSC. To evaluate the incidence of primary BCCs and SCCs regarding age, sex, tumour site and tumour subtype to determine trends in epidemiology of both cancers. Retrospective analysis of BCCs and SCCs diagnosed and treated across seven sites in Poland from 1999 to 2019. We recorded 13,913 NMSCs occurring in 10,083 patients. BCC represented 85.2% of all cases. SCC patients were older than BCC patients (77.1 ± 11.3 years vs. 70.1 ± 12.3 years, p < 0.01). The nodular subtype was the most common subtype of BCC, followed by the superficial and infiltrative subtypes. The superficial BCC subtype was more common on photoprotected areas (p < 0.01), whereas the nodular BCC subtype occurred on the face (p < 0.01). The high-risk SCC subtypes were more common on face compared to low-risk SCC subtypes (p < 0.01). BCC and SCC are common malignancies developing at various ages and anatomical sites. These data underline the need for better registration policies regarding NMSC in order to improve prevention and treatment strategies for these tumours.

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A Patient with Multiple Keratinocytic Cancers (MKC): Uncommon Presentation in a Bulgarian Patient

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2018.010 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 120-122

Author(s):

Georgi Tchernev ◽

Stanislav Philipov ◽

Anastasiya Atanasova Chokoeva ◽

Uwe Wollina ◽

Torello Lotti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Occupational Risk Factors ◽

Common Cancer ◽

Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽

Uncommon Presentation ◽

Skin Cancers ◽

Exposure Factor ◽

The Face ◽

History Of ◽

Melanoma Skin

Keratinocyte skin cancers, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), are the most common cancer occurring in people with fair skin, worldwide. Despite all known triggers, several suggested contributors are still investigated. We will focus our attention on the personal history of previous cancers and radiation exposure as occupational risk factors, as in the presented case. We report a patient, with multiple BCCs, and subsequent occurrence of a SCC on photo-exposed area of the face, as we want to emphasize the importance of strict following up of these patients, regarding the risk for developing new tumors in short periods of time, no matter if the triggering exposure factor is known from the history, or not. Although keratinocytes tumours are associated with the low mortality rate, we focus the attention on the fact, that the history of non-melanoma skin cancer is associated with increased mortality.

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Skin Cancers and the Contribution of Rho GTPase Signaling Networks to Their Progression

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13174362 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (17) ◽

pp. 4362

Author(s):

Alessandra Pecora ◽

Justine Laprise ◽

Manel Dahmene ◽

Mélanie Laurin

Keyword(s):

Skin Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cancer Biology ◽

Rho Gtpase ◽

Signaling Networks ◽

Molecular Events ◽

Skin Cancers ◽

Cancer Initiation ◽

Cytoskeletal Dynamics ◽

Genetic Perturbations

Skin cancers are the most common cancers worldwide. Among them, melanoma, basal cell carcinoma of the skin and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma are the three major subtypes. These cancers are characterized by different genetic perturbations even though they are similarly caused by a lifelong exposure to the sun. The main oncogenic drivers of skin cancer initiation have been known for a while, yet it remains unclear what are the molecular events that mediate their oncogenic functions and that contribute to their progression. Moreover, patients with aggressive skin cancers have been known to develop resistance to currently available treatment, which is urging us to identify new therapeutic opportunities based on a better understanding of skin cancer biology. More recently, the contribution of cytoskeletal dynamics and Rho GTPase signaling networks to the progression of skin cancers has been highlighted by several studies. In this review, we underline the various perturbations in the activity and regulation of Rho GTPase network components that contribute to skin cancer development, and we explore the emerging therapeutic opportunities that are surfacing from these studies.

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Surgical Management of Melanoma and Other Skin Cancers

10.2310/surg.2038 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Jennifer A. Wargo ◽

Kenneth Tenabe

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Surgical Treatment ◽

Skin Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Stage Iv ◽

Stage Iii ◽

Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽

Skin Cancers ◽

Stage Iv Melanoma ◽

Melanoma Skin

The prevalence of malignant skin cancers has increased significantly over the past several years. Approximately 1.2 million cases of non-melanoma skin cancer are diagnosed per year. More alarming, up to 80,000 cases of melanoma are diagnosed per year, an incidence that has been steadily increasing, with a lifetime risk of 1 in 50 for the development of melanoma. The disturbing increase in the incidence of both non-melanoma skin cancer and melanoma can largely be attributed to the social attitude toward sun exposure. The clinical assessment and management of skin lesions can be challenging. This review describes the assessment process, including thorough history and examination; the need for possible biopsy; and excision criteria. Specific types of skin cancer are distinguished and include basal cell carcinoma; squamous cell carcinoma; and melanoma; and for each type the incidence; epidemiology; histologic subtypes; diagnosis; and both surgical and non-surgical treatments are provided. Stages I-IV of melanoma are detailed, with prognostic factors described. Surgical treatment for stages I and II include description of the margins of excision and sentinel lymph node biopsy. The surgical treatment of Stage III melanoma further includes therapeutic lymph node dissection and isolated limb perfusion. Adjuvant therapies are also presented and include radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The additional treatment of metastasectomy for Stage IV melanoma is described. For both Stage III and IV melanoma, the study of vaccines to host immune cells is reported. For Stage IV melanoma, the text also describes immunotherapy treatment. Operative procedures specific to superficial and deep groin dissections are outlined. This review contains 9 figures, 3 tables, and 96 references.

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Expression profiles of proton-sensing G-protein coupled receptors in common skin tumors

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-71700-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wybke Klatt ◽

Susanne Wallner ◽

Christoph Brochhausen ◽

Judith A. Stolwijk ◽

Stephan Schreml

Keyword(s):

Skin Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Skin Tumors ◽

Solid Cancer ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Skin Cancers ◽

Common Skin

Abstract The proton-sensing GPCRs (pH-GPCRs) GPR4 (GPR19), TDAG8 (GPR65, T-cell death associated gene 8), OGR1 (GPR68, ovarian cancer GPCR1), and G2A (GPR132, G2 accumulation protein) are involved in sensing and transducing changes in extracellular pH (pHe). Extracellular acidification is a central hallmark of solid cancer. pH-GPCR function has been associated with cancer cell proliferation, adhesion, migration and metastasis, as well as with modulation of the immune system. Little is known about the expression levels and role of pH-GPCRs in skin cancer. To better understand the functions of pH-GPCRs in skin cancer in vivo, we examined the expression-profiles of GPR4, TDAG8, OGR1 and G2A in four common skin tumors, i.e. squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), malignant melanoma (MM), compound nevus cell nevi (NCN), basal cell carcinoma (BCC). We performed immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining on paraffin-embedded tissue samples acquired from patients suffering from SCC, MM, NCN or BCC. We show the expression of pH-GPCRs in four common skin cancers. Different expression patterns in the investigated skin cancer types indicate that the different pH-GPCRs may have distinct functions in tumor progression and serve as novel therapeutic targets.

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40-Year Trends in Skin Cancer in British Columbia, Canada, 1973 to 2003

Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery ◽

10.2310/7750.2011.11001 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 83-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

David I. Mclean ◽

Norm Phillips ◽

Youwen Zhou ◽

Richard Gallagher ◽

Tim K. Lee

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Skin Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma ◽

Skin Cancers ◽

Canadian Population ◽

Novel Method ◽

Over Time

Background: Skin cancer is common in North America. Incidence rate trends are potentially important in the assessment of the effects of measures to increase sun awareness in the population as well as measures to reduce sun damage. Objective: To determine the incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) in a geographically defined Canadian population over a 40-year period. Methods: Data were obtained from the BC Cancer Registry for the calendar years 1973, 1983, 1993, and 2003. Results: Age-standardized incidence rates increased significantly from 1973 to 2003 for BCC, SCC, and CMM. Limitations: The ethnic makeup of British Columbia has changed over time, and a novel method of accounting for the effect of this on skin cancer rates is presented. Conclusion: The incidence rate for skin cancers continued to rise in British Columbia, but there appears to have been a decline in the incidence of CMM and BCC in the youngest cohorts.

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Recognising skin cancers in the dental patient

Faculty Dental Journal ◽

10.1308/204268512x13376834221631 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 158-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Carrie Newlands

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Skin Cancer ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Facial Skin ◽

Older Population ◽

Skin Cancers ◽

Dental Patient ◽

The Face ◽

Fair Skin

Skin cancer is increasing in incidence and the face is the commonest site for skin cancers to occur. Patients who are at risk from skin cancers include those who have fair skin and who have had long-term exposure to sunshine.1 While facial skin cancers are more common in the older population, greater numbers of younger people are developing these cancers.2-4 Facial skin lesions are common. This article aims to help members of the dental team recognise the features of those lesions which may indicate malignancy or pre-malignancy.

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Treatment of Multiple Actinic Keratosis and Field of Cancerization with Topical Piroxicam 0.8% and Sunscreen 50+ in Organ Transplant Recipients: A Series of 10 Cases

Case Reports in Dermatology ◽

10.1159/000481770 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 211-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Virginia Garofalo ◽

Alessandra Ventura ◽

Sara Mazzilli ◽

Laura Diluvio ◽

Luca Bianchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Skin Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Medical Device ◽

Actinic Keratosis ◽

Organ Transplant ◽

Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ◽

Organ Transplant Recipient ◽

Skin Cancers ◽

Melanoma Skin

Organ transplant recipient (OTR) subjects are at high risk of skin cancer such as squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma. Actinic keratosis (AK) is considered the precursor of these non-melanoma skin cancers. Sun protection is mandatory in subjects with AK and this preventive strategy is very important in OTR. Treatment of the field of cancerization is also crucial to reduce the risk of recurrence of skin lesions in AK and non-melanoma skin cancer patients. Activation of cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 enzymes plays an important role in the pathogenesis of skin cancers. Topical application of cyclooxygenase inhibitors such as diclofenac and, more recently, piroxicam has shown to reduce AK lesions in immunocompetent subjects. A medical device containing piroxicam and SPF 50+ sunscreen filters (P+SS) has been demonstrated to be effective in reducing AK lesions and improving the field of cancerization. We report the effect of P+SS, applied for 16 weeks, in a case series of 10 OTR subjects with multiple AK lesions. P+SS treatment was associated with a relevant AK lesion reduction (>75%) in 7 patients (with a complete clearance in 3 subjects) with an improvement in the field of cancerization. This medical device could be considered a promising long-term curative and preventive treatment in OTR patients at high risk of non-melanoma skin cancers.

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Development of Two Types of Skin Cancer in a Patient with Systemic Sclerosis: a Case Report and Overview of the Literature

Case Reports in Oncological Medicine ◽

10.1155/2021/6628671 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Firdevs Ulutaş ◽

Erdem Çomut ◽

Veli Çobankara

Keyword(s):

Systemic Sclerosis ◽

Skin Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Case Reports ◽

Pulmonary Function Tests ◽

Case Series ◽

Skin Neoplasms ◽

Skin Cancers ◽

Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia ◽

Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an uncommon rheumatic disease in which the underlying main histopathologic feature is a thickening of the skin due to excessive accumulation of collagen in the extracellular tissue. Fibrogenesis, chronic inflammation, and ulceration may eventually promote skin neoplasms. Although nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most frequent type, there have been restricted case reports and case series with skin cancers in SSc patients in the literature. Herein, we describe a 78-year-old woman diagnosed with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis thirteen years ago and associated nonspecific interstitial pneumonia that was successfully treated with high cumulative doses of cyclophosphamide. She developed basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin in the follow-up. She is still on rituximab treatment with stable interstitial lung disease as indicated by pulmonary function tests and high-resolution chest computed tomography. To our knowledge and a literature search, this is the first reported patient with SSc with two types of skin cancer. In this review, we also aimed to emphasize the relationship between SSc and skin cancer, and possible risk factors for SSc-related skin cancer.

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