Fire, people and ecosystem change in Pleistocene Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher N. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Ecosystem Change ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
The Past ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Since the 1960s, Australian scientists have speculated on the impact of human arrival on fire regimes in Australia, and on the relationship of landscape fire to extinction of the Pleistocene megafauna of Australia. These speculations have produced a series of contrasting hypotheses that can now be tested using evidence collected over the past two decades. In the present paper, I summarise those hypotheses and review that evidence. The main conclusions of this are that (1) the effects of people on fire regimes in the Pleistocene were modest at the continental scale, and difficult to distinguish from climatic controls on fire, (2) the arrival of people triggered extinction of Australia’s megafauna, but fire had little or no role in the extinction of those animals, which was probably due primarily to hunting and (3) megafaunal extinction is likely to have caused a cascade of changes that included increased fire, but only in some environments. We do not yet understand what environmental factors controlled the strength and nature of cascading effects of megafaunal extinction. This is an important topic for future research.

Theoretical Perspectives on Listening

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 3-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Language Skills ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Discourse Comprehension ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Research into listening over the past three decades has, above all, highlighted the fundamental intricacy of the processes involved. In order to make sense of spoken messages, listeners may need to integrate information from a range of sources: phonetic, phonological, prosodic, lexical, syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic. The fact that we achieve all this in real time as the message unfolds makes listening “complex, dynamic, and fragile” (Celce-Murcia 1995:366). In this review I consider research into four aspects of these complexities: processes (e.g., speech recognition, discourse comprehension, and memory); the role of context; factors influencing listening; and the relationship of listening with other language skills. Finally I suggest likely directions for future research into listening.

scholarly journals Impact of Execution Planning on Agile Project Success with Mediating and Moderating Mechanism

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12S) ◽  
pp. 668-672
Keyword(s):  
Information Sharing ◽  
Project Success ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Agile Methodology ◽  
Organization Effectiveness ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The present study investigated the impact of execution planning on agile project success with the mediating role of information sharing and moderating role of organization effectiveness because of the highlighted importance of agile methodology in the project industry due to its interactive customer collaborative approach. For this purpose, data were collected from software industry in Pakistan who utilize agile methodology in their projects. 300 completed questionnaires were received from the distributed and 280 were utilized for data analysis. The results delineated that execution planning has positive and significant relationship with agile project success. Similarly, the results indicated that information sharing mediates the relationship between execution planning and agile project success. Furthermore, the data showed that organization effectiveness moderates the relationship of execution planning and information sharing. Lastly, we conclude with theoretical and practical implications as well as future research directions.

Literature and Politics: The Case of Ezra Pound Reconsidered

Prospects ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 463-482
Author(s):  
Robert A. Corrigan
Keyword(s):  
American Academy ◽  
Ezra Pound ◽  
Literature And Politics ◽  
Arts And Sciences ◽  
The Past ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

March 23, 1976, marked the sixty-eighth anniversary of one of literary history's most remarkable but least celebrated events—the invasion of Europe by Ezra Pound. That imaginative, excitable, and extremely talented Young Turk who stormed the gates of literary London in 1909, died in Italy in November, 1972, a calm, withdrawn, old man, living out the butt end of his life in a self-imposed vow of public silence. But if the poet's voice was stilled at last, his public's was not; fittingly enough, Pound left the literary world as he had entered it, in a swirl of bitter controversy and angry debate precipitated by the decision of the prestigeous American Academy of Arts and Sciences to deny him its coveted Emerson-Thoreau Medal. No one can say for sure whether Pound desired the prize. Many times in the past such honors seemed to have mattered greatly, but often they had been more desperately sought for him by members of that protective coterie of friends and relatives who clustered about in his Italian retreat. It is the relationship of Pound to these associates, the impact of his turbulent career upon his family and friends, and the effects of their well-meaning, if misdirected, efforts on his behalf, that need charting here; there is little need for yet another intricate route through that much surveyed ideomatic jungle he called hisCantos.

Exploring the Relationship of Shared Race/Ethnicity With Court Actors, Perceptions of Court Procedural Justice, and Obligation to Obey Among Male Offenders

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Baker
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Male Offenders ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
The Law ◽  
Hispanic Male ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Using survey data from a sample of White, Black, and Hispanic male offenders ( n = 311), this study examines whether the relationship between procedural justice and obligation to obey the law is substantiated among a sample of offenders. Further, this study explores the impact that sharing the race/ethnicity of the defense attorney, prosecutor, and judge in their most recent conviction has on male offenders’ perceptions of court procedural justice and their perceived obligation to obey the law. The findings reveal that male offenders who perceive the courts as more procedurally just report a significantly greater obligation to obey the law. In addition, Black and Hispanic offenders who shared the race/ethnicity of the prosecutor in their case perceived the courts as significantly more just. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

The impact of climate change on Australian Aboriginal hunter-gatherers and their response over the last 35,000 years.

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan N. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

In a recent article, I (and my colleagues) present models of population change for key regions across Australia over the last 35,000 years. We use these models to test an archaeological method (the use of numbers of radiocarbon dates as an indicator of human behaviour), explore the relationship of Aboriginal people and climate change, and to provide a status update for Australian archaeological research. We find that the archaeological technique is reliable, albeit with well-documented caveats that the user needs to be aware of. We find a close relationship between Aboriginal population and climate change for much of the last 35,000 years, with increasing divergence of the records in the last 6,000 years as numbers of people increase and techniques were developed to survive environmental shifts. We identify key areas of future research for the Australian archaeological community, including the need to fill spatial gaps across parts of the continent, and to focus on key temporal periods where significant change in society appears evident.

The Influence of Spirituality on Substance Use of College Students

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Stewart
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: The issue of substance use and the problems resulting from that use has become a major concern in the United States. The past decade has seen several new trends in substance use by college students and an increase in the effort to try and determine factors that may ameliorate the problem. Spirituality is one possible factor that may have some role in the phenomenon. Some research has been conducted on the relationship of spirituality to substance use but the results are mostly descriptive and concerned with religiosity rather than spirituality. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between a student's spiritual and religious beliefs and the impact of those beliefs on the decision to use substances. Method: A sample of 337 university students was surveyed using the CORE Alcohol and Drug Survey and several supplemental questions. Results: In general, spirituality had a moderate buffering effect upon the decision to use alcohol and marijuana. This general protective effect exists for both alcohol use and binge drinking but dissipated as the students reached upper-class levels. Conclusion: Spirituality may play a significant role in the decision of college students to use substances. Further research should focus on this important factor. Also, implementation of spiritual aspects into university prevention and treatment programs may help boost efficacy rates.

Work and nonwork engagements between life domains: Effects on subjective health and life satisfaction of employees across 53 nations varying in economic competitiveness

2021 ◽  
pp. 147059582110340
Author(s):  
Atul Mitra ◽  
Michael Harris Bond ◽  
Qing Lu ◽  
Russell P Guay ◽  
Jason D Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Life Domains ◽  
Economic Productivity ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cross National

Using the framework of role balance theory, the authors take a cross-national view of an employee’s engagement in the work and nonwork domains of life. Employing the World Values Survey (WVS) with a sample of 21,270 married employees from 53 nations, we find cross-national variations in the relationship of employees’ degree of work and nonwork domain engagements with their subjective health and satisfaction with life. To explore the impact of the national focus on motivation for economic productivity and innovation, we used a country’s global competitiveness index (GCI), predicting that a nation’s GCI would moderate the relationship of an employee’s work and nonwork domain engagements with both subjective health and life satisfaction. Overall, the results suggest that work–nonwork balance leads to better subjective health and higher life satisfaction only for married employees living in nations high in GCI; for married employees living in countries low in GCI, higher subjective health and life satisfaction resulted for those more highly engaged in nonwork life domains. Theoretical and methodological contributions are discussed, along with implications for future research on national culture concerning work and its impact on employed persons.

Relationship between corporate governance and firm performance: Metadata analysis for M&A participating firms

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Sarika Kumar ◽  
Sheeba Kapil
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Metadata Analysis ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper is an attempt to overview the academic literature on the mergers and acquisitions (M&A) market and further focuses on the relationship between corporate governance (CG) and firm performance in M&A participating firms by systematizing the existing knowledge and further deriving specific implications for the future work scope. M&A market experiences trillions of USD dollar deals on yearly basis. Therefore, M&A becomes the highly studied area by the researchers for analysis of different combinations between CG, firm performance, takeovers, mergers, acquisitions, etc. In this paper, the research has been carried out as a structural assessment of the past fourteen years of research on different CG variables and firm performance. Further, it has been observed that the majority of research has been conducted to identify the impact of specific bid characteristics of CG on firm performance however; there is a dearth of study to analyze the relation between CG and firm performance for the firms actively participating in M&A market as an acquirer or as a target. In lieu of this, the paper has extracted the prospective area of the study and provided a path towards future research. This review will be useful for academicians and researchers working in the area of CG and M&A, and firm performance

scholarly journals Lean management as the innovative technology of an enterprise

2021 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 00008
Author(s):  
Sergey Komarov ◽  
Mariya Kudina ◽  
Gulnaz Suzdaleva ◽  
Dmitriy Shishkin
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Lean Management ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The paper is devoted to the problem of management of innovative activity of an enterprise on the basis of Lean technology. The study shows that there are no generally accepted theoretical models for understanding this relationship and its unambiguous assessment. The paper discusses a pilot study of the relationship of Lean management factors and innovative activity for large Russian enterprises taking into account their life cycle and type of innovation. The results of the study demonstrate the correlation between lean production and innovative activity of the enterprise. The conclusions on the impact of the type of enterprise (business), the stage of its life cycle and the type of innovation on this relationship are innovative and important. The study is aimed at testing the methodology of future research, the purpose of which is to build a mathematical model of such a relationship.

A critical review of relationship between corporate governance and firm performance: GCC banking sector perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamanna Abdul Rahman Dalwai ◽  
Rohaida Basiruddin ◽  
Siti Zaleha Abdul Rasid
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conventional Banks ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate existing studies on the relationship of corporate governance with firm performance in different regions and address the need for similar analysis for the Gulf Coperation Council (GCC) sector. The banking sector comprises the conventional and Islamic banks in the GCC sector and is important due to their ability to bring stability to this region. Existing studies that measure the relationship of GCC sector conventional banks and firm performance are limited. This study proposes a need for future research on corporate governance in the GCC region. Design/methodology/approach – This paper will review and analyze the different empirical and theoretical contributions in establishing the relationship between corporate governance and firm performance. Findings – This paper will create a focus for future research of measuring the impact of corporate governance mechanism on firm performance. The regulators will be encouraged to focus on more research studies for the GCC sector development in the field of corporate governance of the banking sector. Research limitations/implications – The existing studies are valid and practicable for the region under study, and the results need not be applicable for other business environments. In addition, the evolving business and economic environment have always brought about inconsistent conclusions; thus, the period of study can always give varied results. Practical implications – The analysis undertaken in this paper will address the literature gaps for the GCC banking sector and play an instrumental role for future studies by theoreticians and regulators. Originality/value – This paper identifies the literature gaps for the GCC region and analyses the most applicable existing studies that can be useful for the banking sector corporate governance improvement. This paper will create opportunities for the future researchers.

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