scholarly journals The evolution of minimally invasive tissue sampling in postmortem examination: a narrative review

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1792682
Author(s):  
Christina R. Paganelli ◽  
Norman J. Goco ◽  
Elizabeth M. McClure ◽  
Kathryn K. Banke ◽  
Dianna M. Blau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Tissue Sampling

scholarly journals Postmortem brain 7T MRI with minimally invasive pathological correlation in deceased COVID-19 subjects

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria da Graça Morais Martin ◽  
Vitor Ribeiro Paes ◽  
Ellison Fernando Cardoso ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Borges Passos Neto ◽  
Cristina Takami Kanamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Postmortem Brain ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Tissue Sampling ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Brain Invasion

Abstract Background Brain abnormalities are a concern in COVID-19, so we used minimally invasive autopsy (MIA) to investigate it, consisting of brain 7T MR and CT images and tissue sampling via transethmoidal route with at least three fragments: the first one for reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis and the remaining fixed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Two mouse monoclonal anti-coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies were employed in immunohistochemical (IHC) reactions. Results Seven deceased COVID-19 patients underwent MIA with brain MR and CT images, six of them with tissue sampling. Imaging findings included infarcts, punctate brain hemorrhagic foci, subarachnoid hemorrhage and signal abnormalities in the splenium, basal ganglia, white matter, hippocampi and posterior cortico-subcortical. Punctate brain hemorrhage was the most common finding (three out of seven cases). Brain histological analysis revealed reactive gliosis, congestion, cortical neuron eosinophilic degeneration and axonal disruption in all six cases. Other findings included edema (5 cases), discrete perivascular hemorrhages (5), cerebral small vessel disease (3), perivascular hemosiderin deposits (3), Alzheimer type II glia (3), abundant corpora amylacea (3), ischemic foci (1), periventricular encephalitis foci (1), periventricular vascular ectasia (1) and fibrin thrombi (1). SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected with RT-PCR in 5 out of 5 and IHC in 6 out 6 patients (100%). Conclusions Despite limited sampling, MIA was an effective tool to evaluate underlying pathological brain changes in deceased COVID-19 patients. Imaging findings were varied, and pathological features corroborated signs of hypoxia, alterations related to systemic critically ill and SARS-CoV-2 brain invasion.

scholarly journals Exploring Perceptions and Acceptance of Minimally Invasive Tissue Sampling among Bereaved Relatives and Health-Care Professionals in Rwanda

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 14 ◽  
pp. 3421-3427
Author(s):  
Belson Rugwizangoga ◽  
Jean Berchmans Niyibizi ◽  
Marie Claire Ndayisaba ◽  
Emile Musoni ◽  
Felix Manirakiza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Tissue Sampling

Post-mortem minimally invasive tissue sampling and clinico-pathological correlation in fatal COVID-19 infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Animesh Ray ◽  
Naveet Wig ◽  
Deepali Jain ◽  
Prasenjit Das ◽  
Sudheer Arava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Tissue Sampling ◽  
Pathological Correlation

scholarly journals Potential of Minimally Invasive Tissue Sampling for Attributing Specific Causes of Childhood Deaths in South Africa: A Pilot, Epidemiological Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. S361-S373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Chawana ◽  
Vicky Baillie ◽  
Alane Izu ◽  
Fatima Solomon ◽  
Quique Bassat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Tissue Sampling ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Abstract Background Current estimates for causes of childhood deaths are mainly premised on modeling of vital registration and limited verbal autopsy data and generally only characterize the underlying cause of death (CoD). We investigated the potential of minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS) for ascertaining the underlying and immediate CoD in children 1 month to 14 years of age. Methods MITS included postmortem tissue biopsies of brain, liver, and lung for histopathology examination; microbial culture of blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), liver, and lung samples; and molecular microbial testing on blood, CSF, lung, and rectal swabs. Each case was individually adjudicated for underlying, antecedent, and immediate CoD by an international multidisciplinary team of medical experts and coded using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Results An underlying CoD was determined for 99% of 127 cases, leading causes being congenital malformations (18.9%), complications of prematurity (14.2%), human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS (12.6%), diarrheal disease (8.7%), acute respiratory infections (7.9%), injuries (7.9%), and malignancies (7.1%). The main immediate CoD was pneumonia, sepsis, and diarrhea in 33.9%, 19.7%, and 10.2% of cases, respectively. Infection-related deaths were either an underlying or immediate CoD in 78.0% of cases. Community-acquired pneumonia deaths (n = 32) were attributed to respiratory syncytial virus (21.9%), Pneumocystis jirovecii (18.8%), cytomegalovirus (15.6%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.6%), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (12.5%). Seventy-one percent of 24 sepsis deaths were hospital-acquired, mainly due to Acinetobacter baumannii (47.1%) and K. pneumoniae (35.3%). Sixty-two percent of cases were malnourished. Conclusions MITS, coupled with antemortem clinical information, provides detailed insight into causes of childhood deaths that could be informative for prioritization of strategies aimed at reducing under-5 mortality.

scholarly journals An Observational Pilot Study Evaluating the Utility of Minimally Invasive Tissue Sampling to Determine the Cause of Stillbirths in South African Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. S342-S350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabir A Madhi ◽  
Jayani Pathirana ◽  
Vicky Baillie ◽  
Clare Cutland ◽  
Yasmin Adam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
South African ◽  
Fluid Collection ◽  
African Women ◽  
World Health ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Tissue Sampling ◽  
Biological Investigation

Abstract Background Despite approximately 2.6 million stillbirths occurring annually, there is a paucity of systematic biological investigation and consequently knowledge on the causes of these deaths in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We investigated the utility of minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS), placental examination, and clinical history, in attributing the causes of stillbirth in a South African LMIC setting. Methods This prospective, observational pilot study undertook sampling of brain, lung, and liver tissue using core biopsy needles, blood and cerebrospinal fluid collection, and placental examination. Testing included microbial culture and/or molecular testing and tissue histological examination. The cause of death was determined for each case by an international panel of medical specialists and categorized using the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision application to perinatal deaths. Results A cause of stillbirth was identifiable for 117 of 129 (90.7%) stillbirths, including an underlying maternal cause in 63.4% (n = 83) and an immediate fetal cause in 79.1% (n = 102) of cases. The leading underlying causes of stillbirth were maternal hypertensive disorders (16.3%), placental separation and hemorrhage (14.0%), and chorioamnionitis (10.9%). The leading immediate causes of fetal death were antepartum hypoxia (35.7%) and fetal infection (37.2%), including due to Escherichia coli (16.3%), Enterococcus species (3.9%), and group B Streptococcus (3.1%). Conclusions In this pilot, proof-of-concept study, focused investigation of stillbirth provided granular detail on the causes thereof in an LMIC setting, including provisionally highlighting the largely underrecognized role of fetal sepsis as a dominant cause.

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