scholarly journals Nucleotide excision repair–induced H2A ubiquitination is dependent on MDC1 and RNF8 and reveals a universal DNA damage response

2009 ◽  
Vol 186 (6) ◽  
pp. 835-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurgen A. Marteijn ◽  
Simon Bekker-Jensen ◽  
Niels Mailand ◽  
Hannes Lans ◽  
Petra Schwertman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Dna Damage Response ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Strand Break ◽  
Epigenetic Mark ◽  
Histone H2a ◽  
Nucleotide Excision ◽  
Damage Response ◽  
Damaged Dna

Chromatin modifications are an important component of the of DNA damage response (DDR) network that safeguard genomic integrity. Recently, we demonstrated nucleotide excision repair (NER)–dependent histone H2A ubiquitination at sites of ultraviolet (UV)-induced DNA damage. In this study, we show a sustained H2A ubiquitination at damaged DNA, which requires dynamic ubiquitination by Ubc13 and RNF8. Depletion of these enzymes causes UV hypersensitivity without affecting NER, which is indicative of a function for Ubc13 and RNF8 in the downstream UV–DDR. RNF8 is targeted to damaged DNA through an interaction with the double-strand break (DSB)–DDR scaffold protein MDC1, establishing a novel function for MDC1. RNF8 is recruited to sites of UV damage in a cell cycle–independent fashion that requires NER-generated, single-stranded repair intermediates and ataxia telangiectasia–mutated and Rad3-related protein. Our results reveal a conserved pathway of DNA damage–induced H2A ubiquitination for both DSBs and UV lesions, including the recruitment of 53BP1 and Brca1. Although both lesions are processed by independent repair pathways and trigger signaling responses by distinct kinases, they eventually generate the same epigenetic mark, possibly functioning in DNA damage signal amplification.

scholarly journals DDB2 (Damaged-DNA binding protein 2) in nucleotide excision repair and DNA damage response

Cell Cycle ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (24) ◽  
pp. 4067-4071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Stoyanova ◽  
Nilotpal Roy ◽  
Dragana Kopanja ◽  
Pradip Raychaudhuri ◽  
Srilata Bagchi
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Dna Damage Response ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Dna Binding Protein ◽  
Nucleotide Excision ◽  
Damage Response ◽  
Damaged Dna

scholarly journals Nucleotide Excision Repair Protein Rad23 Regulates Cell Virulence Independent of Rad4 in Candida albicans

mSphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Feng ◽  
Shuangyan Yao ◽  
Yansong Dong ◽  
Jing Hu ◽  
Malcolm Whiteway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Dna Damage Response ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Virulence Regulation ◽  
Nucleotide Excision ◽  
Damage Response

ABSTRACT In the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans, the DNA damage response contributes to pathogenicity by regulating cell morphology transitions and maintaining survival in response to DNA damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in host cells. However, the function of nucleotide excision repair (NER) in C. albicans has not been extensively investigated. To better understand the DNA damage response and its role in virulence, we studied the function of the Rad23 nucleotide excision repair protein in detail. The RAD23 deletion strain and overexpression strain both exhibit UV sensitivity, confirming the critical role of RAD23 in the nucleotide excision repair pathway. Genetic interaction assays revealed that the role of RAD23 in the UV response relies on RAD4 but is independent of RAD53, MMS22, and RAD18. RAD4 and RAD23 have similar roles in regulating cell morphogenesis and biofilm formation; however, only RAD23, but not RAD4, plays a negative role in virulence regulation in a mouse model. We found that the RAD23 deletion strain showed decreased survival in a Candida-macrophage interaction assay. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) data further revealed that RAD23, but not RAD4, regulates the transcription of a virulence factor, SUN41, suggesting a unique role of RAD23 in virulence regulation. Taking these observations together, our work reveals that the RAD23-related nucleotide excision pathway plays a critical role in the UV response but may not play a direct role in virulence. The virulence-related role of RAD23 may rely on the regulation of several virulence factors, which may give us further understanding about the linkage between DNA damage repair and virulence regulation in C. albicans. IMPORTANCE Candida albicans remains a significant threat to the lives of immunocompromised people. An understanding of the virulence and infection ability of C. albicans cells in the mammalian host may help with clinical treatment and drug discovery. The DNA damage response pathway is closely related to morphology regulation and virulence, as well as the ability to survive in host cells. In this study, we checked the role of the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway, the key repair system that functions to remove a large variety of DNA lesions such as those caused by UV light, but whose function has not been well studied in C. albicans. We found that Rad23, but not Rad4, plays a role in virulence that appears independent of the function of the NER pathway. Our research revealed that the NER pathway represented by Rad4/Rad23 may not play a direct role in virulence but that Rad23 may play a unique role in regulating the transcription of virulence genes that may contribute to the virulence of C. albicans.

scholarly journals Function and Interactions of ERCC1-XPF in DNA Damage Response

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 3205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Faridounnia ◽  
Gert Folkers ◽  
Rolf Boelens
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Damage Response ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Strand Break ◽  
Response Network ◽  
Nucleotide Excision ◽  
Damage Response ◽  
Human Disorders ◽  
Heterodimeric Complex ◽  
Repair Pathways

Numerous proteins are involved in the multiple pathways of the DNA damage response network and play a key role to protect the genome from the wide variety of damages that can occur to DNA. An example of this is the structure-specific endonuclease ERCC1-XPF. This heterodimeric complex is in particular involved in nucleotide excision repair (NER), but also in double strand break repair and interstrand cross-link repair pathways. Here we review the function of ERCC1-XPF in various DNA repair pathways and discuss human disorders associated with ERCC1-XPF deficiency. We also overview our molecular and structural understanding of XPF-ERCC1.

scholarly journals Rescue of cells from apoptosis increases DNA repair in UVB exposed cells: implications for the DNA damage response

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 725-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Karbaschi ◽  
Salvador Macip ◽  
Vilas Mistry ◽  
Hussein H. K. Abbas ◽  
George J. Delinassios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Dna Damage Response ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers ◽  
Pyrimidine Dimers ◽  
Nucleotide Excision ◽  
Damage Response ◽  
Lengthy Process

Classically, the nucleotide excision repair (NER) of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) is a lengthy process (t1/2 > 48 h).

scholarly journals Recruitment of the Nucleotide Excision Repair Endonuclease XPG to Sites of UV-Induced DNA Damage Depends on Functional TFIIH

2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (23) ◽  
pp. 8868-8879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelika Zotter ◽  
Martijn S. Luijsterburg ◽  
Daniël O. Warmerdam ◽  
Shehu Ibrahim ◽  
Alex Nigg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Core Protein ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Mammalian Cell Lines ◽  
Nucleotide Excision ◽  
Green Fluorescent ◽  
Damaged Dna

ABSTRACT The structure-specific endonuclease XPG is an indispensable core protein of the nucleotide excision repair (NER) machinery. XPG cleaves the DNA strand at the 3′ side of the DNA damage. XPG binding stabilizes the NER preincision complex and is essential for the 5′ incision by the ERCC1/XPF endonuclease. We have studied the dynamic role of XPG in its different cellular functions in living cells. We have created mammalian cell lines that lack functional endogenous XPG and stably express enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP)-tagged XPG. Life cell imaging shows that in undamaged cells XPG-eGFP is uniformly distributed throughout the cell nucleus, diffuses freely, and is not stably associated with other nuclear proteins. XPG is recruited to UV-damaged DNA with a half-life of 200 s and is bound for 4 min in NER complexes. Recruitment requires functional TFIIH, although some TFIIH mutants allow slow XPG recruitment. Remarkably, binding of XPG to damaged DNA does not require the DDB2 protein, which is thought to enhance damage recognition by NER factor XPC. Together, our data present a comprehensive view of the in vivo behavior of a protein that is involved in a complex chromatin-associated process.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Interaction of Human and Yeast DNA Damage Recognition Complexes with Damaged DNA in Nucleotide Excision Repair

2013 ◽  
Vol 288 (15) ◽  
pp. 10936-10947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliya S. Krasikova ◽  
Nadejda I. Rechkunova ◽  
Ekaterina A. Maltseva ◽  
Pavel E. Pestryakov ◽  
Irina O. Petruseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Damage Recognition ◽  
Nucleotide Excision ◽  
Dna Damage Recognition ◽  
Damaged Dna

scholarly journals Ubiquitin recognition by UBZ and UMI domains for DNA damage response

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C1642-C1642
Author(s):  
Aya Toma ◽  
Tomio Takahashi ◽  
Yusuke Sato ◽  
Sakurako Goto-Ito ◽  
Atsushi Yamagata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Damage Response ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Strand Break ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Histone H2a ◽  
Dna Damages ◽  
Ubiquitin Binding ◽  
Damage Response

Double-strand break (DSB) and interstrand crosslink (ICL) are serious damages in DNA. Responses to these DNA damages include ubiquitination of damaged chromatin and other substrates, which recruit protein complexes required for DNA repair. Therefore, many proteins involved in DNA damage response contain ubiquitin-binding modules. For instance, a ubiquitin ligase RNF168, which catalyzes K63-linked polyubiquitination of histone H2A, contains two types of ubiquitin binding motifs, MIU (motif interacting with ubiquitin) and UIM (UIM and MIU-related Ub-binding domain). FAAP20, which recruits Fanconi anemia proteins (crosslink-repair factors), contains a UBZ (ubiquitin-binding zinc finger) domain. To date, mechanisms for ubiquitin recognition by UMI and UBZ domains have remained unclear. In this study, we determined crystal structures of RNF168 UMI and FAAP20 UBZ in complex with ubiquitin at 1.9 Å resolutions, respectively. SPR analyses using UMI and UBZ mutants, which were designed to disrupt Ub binding, confirmed that the observed interactions between Ub and UMI or UBZ are critical for binding. Our structure and the accompanying in-vitro structure-based mutagenesis experiments reveal the structural basis of these important recognition events.

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