Effect of Kefir, Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) and the Association Between Yacon and Kefir on Intestinal Physiology in Rats With Colon Cancer

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the effect of consumption of yacon flour, kefir and the association between them on colon cancer induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in male Wistar rats, SCFA production, fecal pH and intestinal permeability. Methods The study was conducted with 60 adult Wistar rats divided into 5 groups. For 5 weeks, groups T, Y, K and YK received 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) to induce colon cancer. After 5 weeks of DMH administration, animals in groups C and T received the standard diet, group Y received a diet with yacon flour with 5% FOS, group K received 1mL /day of kefir and the YK group received a diet with yacon and kefir, for 15 weeks. After euthanasia, intestinal lesions, intraluminal pH, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and intestinal permeability were analyzed. Results An increase in macroscopic lesions was observed in groups K (58%) and YK (42%) and a reduction of 5% in group Y, compared to group T. In addition, an increase in neoplastic changes was observed in all groups compared to group T: Y (33%), K (67%) and YK (78%). There was no significant difference in the concentrations of acetate and proprionate, pH, lactulose and mannitol between groups, and butyrate was not found in the samples. Conclusions The consumption of yacon flour, kefir and their association did not influence intestinal physiology and promoted the worsening of the development of colon carcinogenesis in rats. Funding Sources FAPES - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e Inovação do Espírito Santo CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

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A Comparative study on Efficacy of Lutein and Atorvastatin on Lipid Profile and Lipoprotein(A) in Hypercholesterolemic male Wistar Rats

Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal ◽

10.13005/bpj/2151 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (01) ◽

pp. 503-511

Author(s):

Soundarya Priyadharsini K ◽

Mali Kalpana Ramanna ◽

Somu L ◽

Krishna Prasad T

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Treated Group ◽

Diet Group ◽

Lipoprotein A ◽

Group I ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Progression Of Atherosclerosis

Background Hypercholesterolemia is the predominantfactor in developing atherosclerosis and myocardial diseases.A major contributor for the progression of atherosclerosis is abnormalities in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism.Hence the objectives of the study was to estimatethe comparative efficacy of Lutein with atorvastatin on lipid profile and lipoprotein(a) and to estimate the histopahthological changes in hypercholesterolemic male wistar rats. Materials and Methods Experimental Wistar rats (male) were grouped into six. Each group contains 6 rats. Group I is control. Group II received cholesterol rich diet. Group III received cholesterol rich diet and the drug Atorvastatin 5mg/kg. Group IV received cholesterol rich diet and the drugLutein 25mg/kg. Group V received cholesterol rich diet and the drugLutein 50mg/kg. Group VI received cholesterol rich diet and the drug Lutein100mg/kg. At the end of 16 weeks, Blood samples from each rats was taken through retro-orbital puncture to evaluate serum lipoproteinsand lipoprotein(a) and thenwistar rats were sacrificed underinjection I.M Ketamine,Aortaand Liverwere dissected out and sent for histopathological studies. Results The plasma LDL, VLDL, Triglycerides, total cholesterol, lipoprotein(a) levels were reduced in all lutein treated groups and atorvastatin treated group compared to high cholesterol diet group. A significant rise in HDL levels was noted in all Lutein treated groups and atorvastatin treated group. No statistically significant difference was seen between Atorvastatin 5mg/kg body weight and Lutein 100mg/kg body weight on reduction of total cholesterol.The efficacy of the drug Lutein in progression of atherosclerosis and its cytoprotective action in liver was proved in this study. Conclusion This study indicates that Lutein has effect onreducing plasma lipoproteins&the study had shown significant antiatherogenic effect.

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Bitter Leaves Ethanol Extract (Vernonia amygdalina) Decreases Total Cholesterol Serum Level of Hypercholesterolemic Male Wistar Rats

Journal Of Medicine & Health ◽

10.28932/jmh.v2i2.1017 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Ivana C Hasan ◽

Hendra Subroto ◽

Grace Puspasari

Keyword(s):

Total Cholesterol ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Plasma Lipid ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Control Group ◽

Standard Diet ◽

Group Vi ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Male Wistar Rats

Hypercholesterolemia is an important risk factors of atherosclerosis. Bitter leaf is believed to have potency in decreasing plasma lipid. The aim of this study is to study the effect of bitter leaf ethanol extract in decreasing total cholesterol serum levels on hypercholesterolemic male Wistar rats. This is a true experimental laboratory study with complete randomized design. Antidyslipidemia effect was tested with HFF induction and Propiltiourasil 0,01% towards 30 rats which were divided into 6 groups: groups I as normal control (standard diet), groups II, III, and IV were given bitter leaf ethanol extract of 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW, and 400 mg/kgBW dose, group V as positive control group with Simvastatin, and group VI as negative with aquades. HFF were given for 14 days then the study was continued for 14 days. The percentage data of the declining total cholesterol levels before and after treatments is analyzed with ANAVA, continued with LSD test. The result between group II, III, and IV with group VI shows a significant difference p<0,01. We concluded bitter leaf ethanol extract can decrease the level of total cholesterol serum of hypercholesterolmic Wistar rats.

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High-intensity interval training ameliorates high-fat diet-induced elevation of aminotransferases in male Wistar rats

Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences ◽

10.34172/jsums.2021.19 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 111-115

Author(s):

Qazaleh Asqari ◽

Farhad Gholami ◽

Jabbar Bashiri ◽

Adel Donyaei

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Interval Training ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Diet Group ◽

Standard Diet ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

High Fat ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

High Intensity Interval

Background and aims: A high-fat diet increases triglyceride (TG) accumulations in hepatocytes and results in non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLDs). In this regard, this study investigated the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), along with a high-fat diet on the serum levels of aminotransferases in male Wistar rats. Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to the standard diet, high-fat diet, exercise + standard diet, and exercise + high-fat diet groups (each containing 10 animals). HIIT program consisted of 6-12 repetitions of 2-minute highs-intensity exercise (85-90% of the maximum speed) interspersed with 1-minute low-intensity exercise (45-50% peak speed) with the frequency of 5 sessions a week over 12 weeks. High-fat diet groups received a diet regimen including 58% fat, 25% protein, and 17% carbohydrate, ad libitum. The blood samples were taken from the left ventricle 48 hours following the last intervention to assess TG, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate amino-transferase (AST) concentrations. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc tests. Results: The findings showed the mean of ALT, AST, and TG in the high-fat diet group was significantly greater compared to the standard diet group (P=0.001). Furthermore, the mean of ALT, AST, and TG in the exercise + high-fat diet group was significantly lower in comparison with the high-fat diet group (P=0.01, P=0.017, and P=0.012, respectively). Conclusion: Although HIIT ameliorated high-fat diet-induced elevations in the serum levels of TG, ALT, and AST, they did not reach the baseline levels. Thus, it may indicate that a diet as the underlying cause of NAFLDs is more important than any other interventions such as exercise.

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Effect of Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) Leaves against Cholesterol Levels in Wistar Rats with Atherogenic Diet

International Journal of Advancement in Life Sciences Research ◽

10.31632/ijalsr.2021.v04i03.004 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Rizky Dzariyani Laili ◽

Arie Dwi Alristina ◽

Rossa Kurnia Ethasari ◽

Dewinta Hayudanti

Keyword(s):

Group Treatment ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Atherogenic Diet ◽

Diet Group ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Andrographis Paniculata ◽

Blood Cholesterol ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Male Wistar Rats

Introduction : The risk of atherosclerosis increases when elevated blood cholesterol levels. Flavonoids may help inhibit the absorption of fat, which indirectly helps in lower cholesterol levels.Flavonoids are widely available on the Andrographis paniculata leaves (APL).This study aims to examine the effect of flavonoids in APL stewto lower the cholesterol levels. Material and Methods: This research was carried out using five different groups of Wistarrats. Each group consists of five Wistar rats. Group (K-) received normal diet, group (K+) received atherogenic diet and three groups of atherogenic diets rats that pre-treated with three different doses (0.6, 1.2, and 2.4g/day) of APL leaf stew. APL stew is orally gavaged for 60 days. The cholesterol blood serum was analyzed using the CHOD-PAP method. Statistical analysis using One-Way ANOVA and Post-Hoc Tukey. Results : The results showed a significant difference in cholesterol levels between the groups of theatherogenic diet with other treatment groups (p = 0.000).When compared with thenormal diet group, treatment with 1.2 g and 2.4 g of APL produce cholesterol levels not significantly different.APLstew has been shown to inhibit the elevated levels of serum cholesterol in male Wistar rats that fed with the atherogenic diet which contributed 54.8%.While fat intake increased the cholesterol level by 16.3%.Both APL stew and fat dose intake together affect the formation of cholesterol with a contribution of 69.2%. Conclusion : The dose that is considered as the most effective in lowering cholesterol is 2.4 g becauseit producescholesterol level closest to normal.

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Intestinal permeability assessed by 51Cr-EDTA in rats with CCl4 - induced cirrhosis

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia ◽

10.1590/s0004-28032010000200014 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 188-192 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ana Regina L. Ramos ◽

Ursula Matte ◽

Helena Ayako Sueno Goldani ◽

Osmar L. M. Oliveira ◽

Sandra Maria Gonçalves Vieira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Permeability ◽

Food Restriction ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Intestinal Inflammation ◽

Intestinal Barrier ◽

Positive Control ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

51Cr Edta ◽

The Relationship

CONTEXT: The straight relationship between cirrhosis and impaired intestinal barrier has not been elucidated yet. OBJECTIVES: To verify 51Cr-EDTA-intestinal permeability in rats with CCl4-induced cirrhosis and controls. METHOD: Fifty male Wistar rats weighing 150-180 g were separated in three groups: 25 animals received CCl4 0.25 mL/kg with olive oil by gavage with 12 g/rat/day food restriction for 10 weeks (CCl4-induced cirrhosis); 12 received the same food restriction for 10 weeks (CCl4-non exposed). Other 13 rats received indomethacin 15 mg/kg by gavage as positive control of intestinal inflammation. RESULTS: The median (25-75 interquartile range) 51Cr-EDTA-IP values of cirrhotic and CCl4-non exposed rats were 0.90% (0.63-1.79) and 0.90% (0.60-1.52) respectively, without significant difference (P = 0.65). Animals from indomethacin group showed 51Cr-EDTA-IP, median 7.3% (5.1-14.7), significantly higher than cirrhotic and CCl4-non exposed rats (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: This study showed the lack of difference between 51Cr-EDTA-intestinal permeability in rats with and without cirrhosis. Further studies are necessary to better clarify the relationship between intestinal permeability and cirrhosis.

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Structural and functional renal alterations in five-sixth nephrectomized rats on unrestricted diet

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010014333x ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 342-343

Author(s):

I. Stachura ◽

M. Pardo ◽

J. Costello ◽

D.M. Landwehr

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Renal Damage ◽

Standard Diet ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Phosphate Intake ◽

Dietary Restrictions ◽

Severe Reduction ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Unrestricted Diet ◽

Progressive Renal Insufficiency

Under experimental conditions severe reduction of renal mass results in the hyperfiltration of the remaining nephrons leading to a progressive renal insufficiency. Similar changes are observed in patients with various renal disorders associated with a loss of the functioning nephrons. The progression of renal damage is accelerated by high protein and phosphate intake, and may be modified by the dietary restrictions.We studied 50 five-sixth nephrectarrized male Wistar rats on a standard diet (Rodent Laboratory Chow 5001 Ralston Purina Co., Richmond, Indiana; containing 23.4% protein) over a 20 week period.

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Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Anggur Laut terhadap Penurunan Kadar Kolesterol LDL Rattus norvegicus Jantan yang Mendapat Diet Tinggi Lemak

Hang Tuah Medical journal ◽

10.30649/htmj.v17i2.340 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 192

Author(s):

RONALDO LAU ◽

SULISTIANA PRABOWO ◽

RIAMI RIAMI

Keyword(s):

Cholesterol Level ◽

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

White Male ◽

Standard Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Caulerpa Racemosa ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Male Wistar Rats

ABSTRACTBackground: High fat diet increase the absorption of lipid in the intestinum, that can lead to increase LDL cholesterol level in the blood. Sea grapes extract (Caulerpa racemosa) contains antioxidant polyphenolic group that can reduce MTP and ACAT-2 in the body that can decrease LDL cholesterol level in the blood.The purpose of this study is to know the effect of sea grapes extract on decreasing LDL cholesterol of white male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) fed with high fat diet.Method: 24 white male Wistar rats, that divided into 3 groups: 1) group of rats fed with standard diet for 28 days; 2) group of rats fed with high fat diet for 28 days; 3) group of rats fed with high fat diet for 28 days and given 10 gram/kg body weight/day of sea grapes extract on 15th-28th days. Then the blood LDL cholesterol level measured on the 29th day.Result : One-Way ANOVA Test showed there was significant difference (p=0.004) of LDL level between the group of rats fed with standard diet (12.37 mg/dl) compared to group of rats fed with high fat diet (17.87 mg/dl). There was significant difference (p=0.001) of LDL level between the group of rats fed with high fat diet (17.87 mg/dl) compared to group of rats fed with high fat diet and sea grapes extract (10.12 mg/dl).Conclusion: high fat diet significantly increase blood LDL cholesterol level and sea grapes extract (Caulerpa racemosa) significantly decrease blood LDL cholesterol level. Keywords :Sea grapes extract, LDL cholesterol, high fat diet

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Pengaruh Profilaksis Ekstrak Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomoea batatas L.) terhadap Kadar Malondialdehida Hepar Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Jantan Galur Wistar yang Diinduksi Karagenan

Hang Tuah Medical journal ◽

10.30649/htmj.v15i2.66 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 146

Author(s):

BRILIAN DINANTI ◽

FITRI HANDAJANI

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Group Method ◽

Control Group ◽

Intraplantar Injection ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Potato Extract ◽

Purple Sweet Potato

Liver is an organ with complex metabolism. When the liver is inflamed, cellular immunity will defend against inflammatory agents by stimulating immune cells to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excessive ROS accumulation cause oxydative stress with increased liver malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Some researches showed that purple sweet potato contain flavonoids (anthocyanins) that functioned as antioxydants. This study aimed to show the prophylactic effect of purple sweet potato extract to the liver MDA level of male Wistar rats induced by carrageenan.This study used post-only control group method using 18 male Wistar rats divided into 3 groups: group of rats without treatment, group of rats induced by 0,1 ml of 1% carrageenan by intraplantar injection on day-8, and group of rats given with 872 mg/kgBW of purple sweet potato extract for 7 days and induced by 0,1 ml of 1% carrageenan. In the end of the study, the liver MDA levels were measured by Thio-Barbituric Acid method on each groups.The results of One-Way ANOVA test showed there was no significant difference (p = 0,290) between group of rats without treatment (x̅= 207,50) and group of rats induced by carrageenan (x̅=233,17). Then, there is no significant difference (p = 0.978) between group of rats induced by carrageenan and group of rats given with prophylactic purple sweet potato extract and induced by carrageenan (x̅= 232,50).The conclusion of this study is giving intraplantar injection of carrageenan can increase liver MDA level insignificantly and giving prophylactic purple sweet potato extract has an effect to decrease the liver MDA level of rats induced by carragenan insignificantly because it contains anthocyanins as antioxidants. Keywords: Liver, Ipomoea batatas L., Malondialdehyde, Anthocyanins

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The Consumption of Galactomannan Effervescent Drinks made from Coconut Pulp Waste and Colonic Microbiota in Wistar Rats

International Journal of Probiotics and Prebiotics ◽

10.37290/ijpp2641-7197.15:52-56 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 52-56

Author(s):

Sri Winarti ◽

Agung Pasetyo

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Short Chain ◽

E Coli ◽

Colonic Microbiota ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Lactobacillus Spp ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

The consumption of prebiotics is known to affect the balance of gut microbiota. The purpose of this study was to explore how a galactomannan-rich effervescent drink can affect the population of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, E. coli, and the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the cecum of rats. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats (aged 2 months) were divided equally into 7 groups and treated orally each day for 15 days with 2 mL effervescent drinks with increasing levels of prebiotic galactomannan. The dosage of 500 mg galactomannan increased the growth of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. with inhibition of the growth of E.coli with increased formation of short-chain fatty acids such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate in the cecum of rats.

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Dietary Choline Deprivation Exacerbates Cardiomyopathy in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Adult Rats

Diabetology ◽

10.3390/diabetology2040017 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 190-204

Author(s):

Ahmed Al-Humadi ◽

Athina Strilakou ◽

Hussam Al-Humadi ◽

Rafal Al-Saigh ◽

Emmanouel Agapitos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Myocardial Dysfunction ◽

Posterior Wall ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Diabetic Rat ◽

Myocardial Inflammation ◽

Standard Diet ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Male Wistar Rats

Choline (Ch) is an essential molecule of substantial importance for the optimal development and function of several biological systems. Ch deprivation has been linked with abnormal fat metabolism, insulin resistance, and myocardial dysfunction. The current study provides evidence of an exacerbation of streptozotocin-induced cardiomyopathy in adult diabetic Wistar rats by dietary Ch deprivation through the administration of a Ch-deprived diet (CDD). Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were randomly separated into four groups: control, diabetic (DM), choline-deprived through choline-deprived diet (CD), and diabetic choline-deprived (DM + CD). After five weeks of dietary intervention, myocardium echocardiographic and histological assessments were performed. Choline-deprived diabetic rats exhibited significantly slower heart rate, significantly higher myocardial ejection velocity and left ventricle wall tension index with a concomitant significant decreased LV posterior wall thickness as compared to diabetic rats fed on a standard diet. Moreover, histopathological evidence demonstrated an exacerbation of myocardial inflammation and fibrosis associated with significant up-regulation of VEGF expression in the diabetic rat myocardium as a result of Ch deprivation. The study’s findings are of particular significance since the examined experimental approach introduces a previously uncharacterised comorbidity simulation with regards to myocardial structure and functional profiling.

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