scholarly journals Intervention study using population approach on physical education to physical activity in Japan

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Kobayashi ◽  
M Takakura ◽  
A Kyan ◽  
T Fujita ◽  
K Kakazu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Population Approach

Additional Physical Education and Plasma Lipids and Apoproteins: A 3-Year Intervention Study

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria L. Zonderland ◽  
Wietze B.M. Erich ◽  
Wouter Kortlandt ◽  
D. Willem Erkelens
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Intervention Effect

A 3-year controlled intervention was used to study the influence of physical activity on the plasma lipid and apoprotein profile of 10-year-old Dutch schoolchildren. Twice-a-year measurements were taken of height, weight, body composition (skinfolds), pubertal development (Tanner stages), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apoproteins A-I and B (immunoturbidimetry), and participation in physical activities. The effect of the intervention was analyzed with a MANOVA. The intervention did not affect the level of the lipids and apoproteins of the boys. In the girls, the intervention led to a smaller increase of TG and a larger decrease of apoprotein A-I. There may be two explanations for the limited intervention effect. First, it may be due to the healthy baseline plasma lipid and apoprotein profile, which leaves little room for improvement. Second, the exercise intensity during the physical education classes may have been too low to bring about the desired effect.

Sport, science and politics in Indonesia: challenges in epistemology within an evolving global context

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-17
Author(s):  
John Saunders ◽  
Rusli Lutan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Sport Science ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Science And Politics ◽  
International Sport

This paper considers the current status of physical education and sport science in Indonesia from the perspective of the development of the professional knowledge base and research culture surrounding its practice. It seeks to place the field’s development within the broader context of international sport studies from 1945 to 2020. It identifies as major influences the process of globalisation and the growth of international sport as a significant political and economic entity. Physical education is acknowledged as a common historical base for the three modern strands within contemporary sports studies – medical /and health science, high performance studies, and sports business management. Future developments are considered in the context of the current pandemic. Covid19 and the world’s response to it has impacted on some key dimensions which underpin the current global sports economy – namely easy and convenient travel and the gathering of crowds in the widespread consumption of live sport. It is suggested that this might cause a major reset in the conduct of elite sport and sport festivals. The continuing growth of the physical activity and health sector is predicted and in the context of the serious challenges facing the sporting sector a case is made for increased resources to be moved back into the educational study and practice of sport and physical activity as a universal good.

Efficacy of an activity tracker-and app intervention to increase physical activity in the entire family: Pilot single-arm intervention study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Schoeppe ◽  
Jo Salmon ◽  
Susan L. Williams ◽  
Deborah Power ◽  
Stephanie Alley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Entire Family ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Activity Tracker ◽  
Activity Trackers ◽  
Family Program ◽  
Intervention Efficacy

BACKGROUND Interventions using activity trackers and smartphone apps have demonstrated their ability to increase physical activity in children and adults. However, they have not been tested in entire families. Further, few family-centred interventions have actively involved both parents, and assessed intervention efficacy separately for children, mothers and fathers. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the short-term efficacy of an activity tracker and app intervention to increase physical activity in the entire family (children, mothers and fathers). METHODS This was a pilot single-arm intervention study with pre-post measures. Between 2017-2018, 40 families (58 children aged 6-10 years, 39 mothers, 33 fathers) participated in the 6-week Step it Up Family program in Queensland, Australia. Using commercial activity trackers combined with apps (Garmin Vivofit Jr for children, Vivofit 3 for adults), the intervention included individual and family-level goal-setting, self-monitoring, performance feedback, family step challenges, family social support and modelling, weekly motivational text messages, and an introductory session delivered face-to-face or via telephone. Parent surveys were used to assess intervention efficacy measured as pre-post intervention changes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in children, mothers and fathers. RESULTS Thirty-eight families completed the post intervention survey (95% retention). At post intervention, MVPA had increased in children by 58 min/day (boys: 54 min/day, girls: 62 min/day; all P < .001). In mothers, MVPA increased by 27 min/day (P < .001), and in fathers, it increased by 31 min/day (P < .001). Furthermore, the percentage of children meeting Australia’s physical activity guidelines for children (≥60 MVPA min/day) increased from 34% to 89% (P < .001). The percentage of mothers and fathers meeting Australia’s physical activity guidelines for adults (≥150 MVPA min/week) increased from 8% to 57% (P < .001) in mothers, and from 21% to 68% (P < .001) in fathers. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that an activity tracker and app intervention is an efficacious approach to increasing physical activity in entire families to meet national physical activity guidelines. The Step it Up Family program warrants further testing in a larger, randomised controlled trial to determine its long-term impact. CLINICALTRIAL No trial registration as this is not an RCT. It is a pilot single-arm intervention study

scholarly journals The 2 × 2 Achievement Goals in Sport and Physical Activity Contexts: A Meta-Analytic Test of Context, Gender, Culture, and Socioeconomic Status Differences and Analysis of Motivations, Regulations, Affect, Effort, and Physical Activity Correlates

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Lochbaum ◽  
Thaís Zanatta ◽  
Zişan Kazak
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Gender Culture ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Mastery Avoidance ◽  
Avoidance Goal ◽  
Mastery Approach

Approach-avoidance achievement goals are studied extensively in the context of competitive sports and physical activity, including leisure and physical education. Building upon past meta-analyses, the purpose of this quantitative review was to provide basic descriptive data, estimated means for testing of several research questions (i.e., context, gender, culture, and socioeconomic status), and meta-analyzing outcome correlates (i.e., self-determination constructs, affect, effort, and physical activity). A total of 116 studies up to 1 December 2018, met inclusion criteria. These 116 studies, totaling a sample size of 43,133 participants (M sample size = 347.85 + 359.36), from 22 countries with 92.7% of samples, are drawn from participants less than 30 years of mean age. From the 116 unique studies, nearly half (49.6%) were from a sport context and the rest from leisure-time physical activity (PA) (19.4%) and physical education (PE) (31.0%) contexts. A number of different analyses were conducted to examine our research questions. Support was found for several of our research questions: The mastery-approach goal was endorsed more than all the other goals, while sport participants endorsed the performance-approach goal more than PA and PE groups; females endorsed the mastery-avoidance goal more than males; more culturally individualistic countries endorsed the mastery-approach goal; and countries from lower socioeconomic and interdependent countries endorsed the mastery-avoidance goal than higher socioeconomic and independent countries. Concerning, the meta-analyzed correlates, most relationships were hypothesized through the performance-approach goal, and both avoidance goals appeared to be too similar in relationships with the correlates raising theoretical concerns. Overall, the mastery-approach goals had the most meaningful biased corrected effect size values (rc) with the outcome correlates, such as relative autonomy (0.47), intrinsic motivation (0.52), effort (0.40), positive affect (0.42), physical activity intent (0.38). Based on the present and past meta-analytic results, the 2 × 2 achievement goals as currently measured was questioned. Future research suggestions included fundamental questionnaire issues, the need for latent profile analysis or other more advanced statistics, and whether the 2 × 2 achievement goal framework is the most appropriate framework in physical activity contexts.

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