Disability and Work During the Industrial Revolution in Britain

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Blackie
Keyword(s):  
Disability Studies ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
The Past ◽  
Paid Employment

A common claim in disability studies is that industrialization has marginalized disabled people by limiting their access to paid employment. This claim is empirically weak and rests on simplified accounts of industrialization. Use of the British coal industry during the period 1780–1880 as a case study shows that reassessment of the effect of the Industrial Revolution is in order. The Industrial Revolution was not as detrimental to the lives of disabled people as has often been assumed. While utopian workplaces for disabled people hardly existed, industrial sites of work did accommodate quite a large number of workers with impairments. More attention therefore needs to be paid to neglected or marginalized features of industrial development in the theorization of disability. Drawing on historical research on disability in the industrial workplace will help scholars better understand the significance of industrialization to the lives of disabled people, both in the past and the present.

Hutton Rises in the World

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Whyman
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Religious Faith ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Business Skills ◽  
Economic Framework ◽  
Future Value

Hutton’s business success and social mobility are viewed in the context of Birmingham’s industrial development, a booming land market, the lack of government regulation, and the diversity of religious practice. This chapter reveals the economic framework that allowed Hutton to amass wealth. Once he settled in Birmingham, he found new ways to develop business skills and make money. Early failure stiffened his resolve, taught him lessons, and led him to focus on selling paper, instead of books. Convinced of the future value of land, he made risky speculations and accumulated large debts. A case study compares Hutton’s response to the Industrial Revolution with that of his sister, Catherine Perkins. Hutton devoted all his energies to making money and buying estates. His sister found greater happiness in her religious faith and charity. Their opposing views about land, trade, money, and religion reveal a spectrum of personal responses to rapid economic change.

Parnassus and Commodity Time

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Thain
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
The Past ◽  
Second Industrial Revolution

This second case study of Part I focuses on the English Parnassian revival, and, specifically, on Gleeson White’s definitive anthology of Parnassian poetry (featuring poets such as Graham R. Tomson, W. E Henley, John Payne and A. Mary F. Robinson). The chapter argues for the strict metrical structures of the Parnassian poet as engaging not in a nostalgia for a secure and orderly ideal of the past, but with the machine and commodity rhythms and forms of the ‘second’ industrial revolution. This engagement with the past in fact a means of engaging with the present. Ultimately asking what kind of historicism the new Parnassians were practicing in their borrowing of medieval French forms, the chapter finds models that speak to Benjaminian, post-Enlightenment, ideals, and move lyric away from the older, Hegelian lyric temporalities.

Compulsory Feralization: Institutionalizing Disability Studies

PMLA ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 627-634
Author(s):  
David T. Mitchell ◽  
Sharon L. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Disability Studies ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Cultural Attitudes ◽  
The Past ◽  
The University

While disability studies has opened up new discursive spaces for revising cultural attitudes and beliefs about disability, its increasing legitimation in the contemporary academy comes with conflicts. The university as a research location cannot merely divorce itself from the ethical and restrictive practices that have characterized the past two centuries. In fact, it does so only at its own risk and, even more important, at the risk of further entrenching disabled people in its institutional grounding. The institutionalization of disability studies is just that—a formal cultural ingestion process that churns out knowledge about disability while resisting reflexive inquiries about whether or not more detail is inherently better. More knowledge is inherently better for the institution because it keeps the research mill active, but here we want to contemplate the degree to which generating more professionally based data about disability threatens to reproduce some of the problems that have characterized the study of disability to this point in history.

scholarly journals The Uses of Theory, Concepts and Comparison in Historical Sociology

1980 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria E. Bonnell
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Historical Sociology ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Important Place ◽  
American Sociology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sociological Tradition

The sociological study of history has only recently achieved recognition in American sociology. Although historical research occupied an important place in the nineteenth-century European sociological tradition, American scholars long accepted a disciplinary division relegating the study of the past to historians, while reserving contemporary subjects for sociological investigation. The field of historical sociology first witnessed a revival in the 1950s with the publication of Reinhard Bendix's Work and Authority in Industry (1956) and Neil Smelser's Social Change in the Industrial Revolution (1959). During these years, a small chorus of voices called for a more historical approach to sociological problems and closer cooperation between the two disciplines.

scholarly journals A High–Resolution Accumulation Record of Arsenic and Mercury after the First Industrial Revolution from a Peatland in Zoige, Qinghai–Tibet Plateau

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1241
Author(s):  
Xuhui Chen ◽  
Qianqian Su ◽  
Huai Chen ◽  
Dan Xue
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Anthropogenic Emissions ◽  
Accumulation Rates ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
210Pb And 137Cs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Peat Profile ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

The impacts of human activities on Zoige peatlands are poorly documented. We determined the concentrations and accumulation rates of As and Hg in a 210Pb-dated peat profile collected from this area and analyzed the correlations between accumulation rates of both As and Hg and other physicochemical properties. To reconstruct recent conditions of As and Hg, we analyzed peat sediments of Re’er Dam peatland in Zoige using 210Pb and 137Cs dating technologies. The concentrations of total As (86.38 to 174.21μg kg−1) and Hg (7.30 to 32.13 μg kg−1) in the peat profile clearly increased after the first industrial revolution. From AD 1824 to AD 2010, the average accumulation rates were 129.77 μg m−2 yr−1 for As and 18.24 μg m−2 yr−1 for Hg. Based on our results, anthropogenic emissions significantly affected the atmospheric fluxes of As and Hg throughout the past 200 years, and As was also likely to be affected by other factors than atmospheric deposition, which needs further identification by future studies. The historical variations in As and Hg concentrations in Re’er Dam peatland in Zoige mirror the industrial development of China.

Review of periodical articles

Urban History ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-347
Author(s):  
Frederik Buylaert ◽  
Gerrit Verhoeven ◽  
Reinoud Vermoesen ◽  
Tim Verlaan
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Modern Theory ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Century Development ◽  
Ideological Baggage

One of the great interpretive arcs of history as an academic discipline is the opposition between pre-modern and modern societies. Stimulated by post-modern theory, historians have done much in the past decades to expunge the ideological baggage of history as a ‘great march of civilization’, but they continue to imagine the industrial revolution as a great hinge between two distinct epochs. For all its merits, this perspective also creates problems. Burdened by hindsight, medievalists and modernists are often inclined to understand a case-study as either a prefiguration of a nineteenth- or twentieth-century development, or as its foil. Some of the most important publications on the history of medieval European towns published in 2019 were about destroying such assumptions.

Mapping the Boosterist Imaginary: Colonial Williamsburg, Historical Tourism, and the Construction of Managerial Memory

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES S. MILLER
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
The Past ◽  
Colonial Williamsburg ◽  
Cultural Conservation ◽  
Collective Remembering

Abstract With very few exceptions, existing scholarship on public memory in America has tended to script commercial-industrial ““development”” as the implacable adversary of legitimate collective remembering. Indeed, it has become a virtual article of faith that any attempt at commercially underwritten historical reconstruction involves, by definition, an act of historical falsification. This essay sets about to revise this longstanding conceit by pondering some of the specific ways that industrial and commercial development practices came during the early twentieth century to be imagined as technologies for producing new and viable models of a specifically white-collar history. To make this argument, I focus on the phenomenon of historical tourism, a movement that gained popularity in the 1920s and 30s (typified by such ventures as Henry Ford's Greenfield Village and John D. Rockefeller's Colonial Williamsburg), which dedicated itself to reconstructing vestiges of America's ““bygone”” past. Using Colonial Williamsburg as my case study, I explore how the planners and promoters behind this movement forged a discourse of historical reconstruction designed to make the tactics of industrial-commercial development compatible with the vaunted ideals of historical recovery and cultural conservation. More specifically, I show how this discourse labored to imagine the past itself as a useful and fungible resource: a raw material to be taken up, managed, and improved by the agents of the modern corporate-capitalist order.

scholarly journals Transformation of former socialist industrial landscapes in Budapest

2021 ◽  
Vol XXII (2021) ◽  
pp. 104-131
Author(s):  
Melinda Harlov-Csortán
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Functional Change ◽  
The Political ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
The Past ◽  
Leisure Services ◽  
Industrial Landscapes

Budapest, the capital of Hungary, used to host numerous and diverse types of industrial activities. Their imprints on the urban fabric became especially significant during the socialist period due to the top-down decision of transferring the profile of the country from agricultural to industrial. They were realized in factories, management buildings, at huge areas supporting transport of goods on water or by trains. Moreover, districts were dedicated to the industrial workers and incorporated education, health and leisure services as well. Since the political change in 1989, most of these factories and organizations shrank then completely stopped to operate, but their premises have experienced a more varied after-life. The text introduces examples for almost entire physical elimination, complete functional change and even continuous musealizations of former industrial sites in Budapest. The investigation is based on the analysis of diverse written documents (such as policies, scientific evaluations and media coverage) as well as on-site research. Through the case study analyses from Budapest, Hungary that focus on the period between 1989 and 2016, the paper identifies general approaches of urbanization in the post-socialist time regarding to former industrial sites and the major challenges that threaten the valuation of these tangible and intangible reminiscences of the past.

scholarly journals A Case Study of ICT Convergence in Beauty Industry under the Fourth Industrial Revolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1482-1497
Author(s):  
Kyoung-Jin Jang ◽  
Mee-Sook Chang ◽  
Soo-Yeon Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Skin Care ◽  
Professional Service ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Business Perspective ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Corporate Level

In this study, core technologies applied to the beauty industry (hair, makeup, skin care, nail) in the era of the 4th industrial revolution and the transition of industrial paradigm of literature review was performed. Based on this, analysis and prediction of future trends were performed through case analysis of ICT convergence applied to the beauty industry. As a result, it could be confirmed that these core technologies are progressing in the direction of improving the value of the services provided in the past through convergence. Therefore, it was possible to confirm through case analysis that the direction of the beauty industry was changing from the existing functionoriented professional service concept to customer-centered personalization, prediction, prevention, and participation. This study expands the scope of research on convergence with core technologies of the 4th industrial revolution at the conventional corporate level and expands it to the beauty industry to analyze the future through convergence with core technologies from the beauty business perspective. There are implications for predicting the direction of In addition, by categorizing the beauty industry into four types (hair, makeup, skin care, and nail), specific future directions for each sub-area are presented, thereby presenting practical implications that can be immediately applied to the workplace.

Industrial Development and Construction of Complex Saemaul Planning

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 615-618
Author(s):  
Xin Jie Wu ◽  
Kang Cai Nie ◽  
Huang Hua Wu ◽  
Zheng Yang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Local History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Culture Characteristics ◽  
New Countryside ◽  
Development Tendency

Take a case study of Shitan village in Yangjia Town, the saemaul planning would take living spaces of industry, residence, culture and entertainment, as well as transportation in a group. It’s different from the past pattern-which pays more attention to improve infrastructures-in the construction of new countryside. It’s a plan taking the special industry as a core and remolding the living space as the key. It’s a plan that combines machinating, planning and design in one. It will fully exploit local history and culture in order to portray the local unique culture characteristics. Meanwhile, The plan will take a serious consideration of the the saemaul current situation and development tendency in the design of transportation and construction.

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