The Impact of Parental Presence on Their Children During Painful Medical Procedures: A Systematic Review

Abstract Objective Whether parental presence during their children’s painful medical procedures is advantageous with regard to children’s pain-related outcomes is questionable. Research on this topic is equivocal, and additional questions, such as whether levels of parental involvement may play a role as well, remain to be addressed. The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize and critically appraise the literature on the impact of parental presence vs absence during their children’s painful medical procedures on the child’s pain-related outcomes. Methods The review protocol was registered on Prospero (ID CRD42018116614). A systematic search in PubMed, Web of Science, and PsycArticles resulted in 22 eligible studies incorporating 2,157 participants. Studies were considered eligible if they included children (≤18 years old) undergoing a painful medical procedure and compared parental presence and/or involvement with parental absence during the procedure. Results The children’s pain-related outcomes included self-reported pain intensity, self-reported fear, anxiety and distress, observed pain-related behavior, and physiological parameters. Overall, evidence points in the direction of beneficial effects of parental presence vs absence with regard to children’s self-reported pain intensity and physiological parameters, whereas mixed findings were recorded for children’s self-reported fears, anxiety and distress, and observed pain-related behaviors. Conclusions To provide clear recommendations on how to involve the parent during the procedure, as well as for which type of children and parents parental presence has the best effects, further research is needed, as indicated in this review.

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The role of parental presence in the context of children's medical procedures: a systematic review

Child Care Health and Development ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2214.2004.00466.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 233-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

T. Piira ◽

T. Sugiura ◽

G. D. Champion ◽

N. Donnelly ◽

A. S. J. Cole

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Medical Procedures ◽

Parental Presence

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Non-pharmacological approaches to procedural anxiety reduction for patients undergoing radiotherapy for cancer: systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035155 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. e035155

Author(s):

Erin Forbes ◽

Amanda L Baker ◽

Ben Britton ◽

Kerrie Clover ◽

Eliza Skelton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Ethical Issues ◽

Affective State ◽

Anxiety Reduction ◽

Pharmacological Intervention ◽

Bibliographic Databases ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Medical Procedure ◽

Medical Procedures ◽

Pharmacological Interventions

IntroductionProcedural anxiety relates to an affective state of anxiety or fear in relation to a medical procedure. Various treatment-related factors may elicit anxiety among oncology patients, including fear of diagnostic imaging (such as MRI scans) and impending treatment and medical procedures (such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy). It is common in oncology settings to manage acute anxiety relating to medical procedures with anxiolytic medication. However, pharmacological approaches are not suitable for many patients. Despite this, non-pharmacological interventions are infrequently used. The aim of this systematic review is to determine whether non-pharmacological interventions delivered prior to, or during, radiotherapy are effective in reducing procedural anxiety.Methods and analysisData sources will include the bibliographic databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled trials (CENTRAL) (from inception onward). Eligible studies will include adult patients with cancer undergoing radiotherapy treatment. Included studies will be those which employ a non-pharmacological intervention, delivered within existing radiotherapy appointments, with the aim of reducing procedural anxiety related to radiotherapy. All research designs with a control or other comparison group will be included. The primary outcome will be change in levels of self-reported procedural anxiety. Secondary outcomes will be changes in scores on physiological measures of anxiety and/or changes in treatment completion and/or changes in treatment duration and/or changes in psychological distress. Two investigators will independently complete title and abstract screening, full-text screening, data extraction and assessment of methodological quality. If appropriate, a meta-analyses will be performed. Any important amendments to this protocol will be updated in the PROSPERO registration and documented in the resulting review publication.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical issues are anticipated from this review. The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication and at conferences by presentation.Systematic review registrationCRD42019112941.

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Psychological interventions using virtual reality for pain associated with medical procedures: A systematic review and meta-analysis

10.31234/osf.io/fxa8h ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ioana Cristea ◽

Raluca Georgescu ◽

Liviu Andrei Fodor

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Virtual Reality ◽

Pain Intensity ◽

Real Time ◽

Randomized Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Procedural Pain ◽

Psychological Interventions ◽

Medical Procedures ◽

Treatment As Usual

In a meta-analysis of twenty-seven randomized trials, VR-based distraction interventions for procedural pain demonstrated reductions in pain intensity, assessed either real-time or retrospectively, compared to treatment as usual. Though effects appeared generally large, they were associated by high heterogeneity, with all predictive intervals including zero.

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Systematic Review: Predisposing, Precipitating, Perpetuating, and Present Factors Predicting Anticipatory Distress to Painful Medical Procedures in Children

Journal of Pediatric Psychology ◽

10.1093/jpepsy/jsv076 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 159-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Nicole M. Racine ◽

Rebecca R. Pillai Riddell ◽

Maria Khan ◽

Masa Calic ◽

Anna Taddio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Medical Procedures ◽

Painful Medical Procedures

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Intermittent fasting - a potential approach to modulate the gut microbiota in humans? A systematic review

Nutrition and Healthy Aging ◽

10.3233/nha-200098 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Kate Llewellyn-Waters ◽

Mohammad M. Abdullah

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Intermittent Fasting ◽

Gut Health ◽

Medline Search ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

The Rich ◽

The Impact

Research on gut microbiota has increased in popularity over the past decade, with evidence associating different dietary habits with changes in the makeup of the rich ecosystem of microorganisms that performs a variety of functions and induces a range of health effects, within and well beyond the gastrointestinal tract. Similarly, intermittent fasting (IF), an umbrella term describing various regimens of periods of voluntary abstinence from food and drink, has classically been associated with favourable impacts on cardiovascular risk factors, body weight, circadian biology, and, more recently, the gut health..The objective of this PRISMA systematic review was to summarize the peer-reviewed literature of clinical trials related to the impact of IF regimens on the gut microbiota. A MEDLINE search was conducted using PubMed and the keywords “intermittent fasting”, “gut microbiota”, “microbes”, and others. Whilst the field is still in its infancy, an emerging body of evidence suggests beneficial effects of IF on the health of the gut through increasing the microbial diversity and abundance, with possible clinical implications related to improving the immune function and ameliorating the metabolic status. Further research in larger clinical trials is warranted before practical recommendations for the public health can be made.

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Children’s Fear and Pain During Medical Procedures: A Quality Improvement Study With a Humanoid Robot

Canadian Journal of Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/0844562119862742 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 084456211986274 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christian E. Farrier ◽

Jacqueline D. R. Pearson ◽

Tanya N. Beran

Keyword(s):

Quality Improvement ◽

Standard Care ◽

Humanoid Robot ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Pain Scale ◽

Medical Procedures ◽

Deep Breathing ◽

Before And After ◽

Painful Medical Procedures ◽

Children's Pain

Background Pediatric patients undergo a variety of painful medical procedures. Purpose The goal of this quality improvement study was to introduce a humanoid robot (MEDi®) programmed with strategies, such as distraction and deep breathing, at inpatient and outpatient units to determine any preliminary effects on children’s pain and fear during medical procedures. Methods A nonrandomized two-group pre- and posttest design was used to compare pain and fear of children before and after intervention versus standard care. A total of 46 children aged 2–15 years undergoing various medical procedures in a pediatric hospital, and their parents completed the Children’s Fear Scale and the Faces Pain Scale-Revised. The former was used both before and after the procedure, while the latter only after the procedure. Results Children ( n = 18), who interacted with the robot before and during a procedure, and their parents reported significantly lower levels of fear and pain than did children ( n = 28) and their parents in standard care, ps < .05. Conclusions The use of a humanoid robot programmed with psychological strategies to support coping may enhance children’s experiences of care for pain management.

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Approaching Patient-Clinician Relationships Issues Involving Artificial Intelligence Using Ethics of Care and Nursing Ethics

10.1101/2020.04.21.20073544 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Soaad Q. Hossain

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Health Care ◽

Ethics Of Care ◽

Medical Professionals ◽

Medical Procedures ◽

Nursing Ethics ◽

Medical Diagnoses ◽

Key Players ◽

The Impact

AbstractWith the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and its application within industries, there is no doubt that someday AI will be one of the key players in medical diagnoses, assessments and treatments. With the involvement of AI in health care and medicine comes concerns pertaining to its application, more specifically its impact on both patients and medical professionals. To further expand on the discussion, using ethics of care, literature and a systematic review, we will address the impact of allowing AI to guide clinicians with medical procedures and decisions. We will then argue that the impact of allowing AI to guide clinicians with medical procedures and decisions can hinder patient-clinician relationships, concluding with a discussion on the future of patient care and how ethics of care can be used to investigate issues within AI in medicine.

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Analysis of Medical Procedures Codes Accuracy Based on ICD-9 CM Cases of Bacterial Infection at Hospital X in Padang

Proceeding International Conference on Medical Record ◽

10.47387/icmr.v1i1.17 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mrs. Yastori

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Infection ◽

Medical Record ◽

Medical Records ◽

International Classification Of Diseases ◽

Medical Procedure ◽

Medical Procedures ◽

Diagnosis Code ◽

Classification Of Diseases ◽

The Impact

Background: Based on a preliminary survey at X Padang hospital, the writing of a diagnosis code for a procedures medical caused by a bacterial infection found a discrepancy between the diagnosis in cases of bacterial infection and the written code. In 15 samples of medical record files at hospital X in Padang, only 33.33% of the code writing was correct. Based on the Decree of the Minister of Health Number 377/MenKes/SK/III/2007 concerning Professional Standards for Medical Recorders and Health Information, it states that one or the competencies that a medical recorder must have is the classification and coding of diseases, problems related to health and actions medical. Medical recorders are capable of defining disease and action codes precisely according to the international classification of diseases and medical practices in health care and management. The impact of losses from inaccurate clinical data codes has an effect on the financing of health services, such as submitting financing claims to health insurers. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of the medical procedure code based on ICD-9 CM at Hospital X in Padang.Methods: The kind of this research is a descriptive study with the retrospective method. The variables is the accuracy of the medical procedures codes bacterial infection. The population is all medical records of bacterial infection inpatients in January 2019 and the sample with sampling techniques saturated is 33 documents. The collection of data is interviews and observation in July 2020 at Hospital X in Padang.Results: Accurate medical procedures codes based on the ICD-9 CM is 22 (66.66%), and an inaccurate 11 (66.66%) of 33 diagnoses in the medical record file.Conclusions: The coding inaccuracy at Hospital X in Padang was partly due to the inaccuracy in selecting sub-category for determining the causes of bacterial infection.

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Effects of Rapid Weight Loss on Judo Athletes: A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12051220 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 1220

Author(s):

Nemanja Lakicevic ◽

Roberto Roklicer ◽

Antonino Bianco ◽

Diba Mani ◽

Antonio Paoli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Well Being ◽

Physiological Parameters ◽

Rapid Weight Loss ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Judo Athletes ◽

The Impact

Rapid weight loss (RWL) is commonly practiced among judo athletes. Although it helps them to gain the advantage over their lighter opponents, previous studies have shown that RWL can have a negative impact on the athlete’s performance and overall well-being. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the evidence that examines the influence of rapid weight loss on physiological parameters, biomarkers, and psychological well-being in judo athletes. We followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. We searched for studies on Web of Science and PubMed that elaborate on the influence of ≥5% RWL achieved over ≤7-day period in judokas. Out of 52 studies initially found, 14 studies met our eligibility criteria and were included in the review. In total, we examined data from 1103 judo athletes. Retrieved studies showed conflicting data concerning physiological parameters and biomarkers, while psychological well-being parameters were more consistent than physiological and biomarkers. The feeling of tension, anger, and fatigue significantly increased while a decrease in vigor was demonstrated among athletes who lost weight rapidly. The evidence on the impact of RWL on performance remains ambiguous. More studies under standardized conditions are needed in order to provide firm evidence. Considering the harmful effects of RWL outlined in the existing literature, it is important to determine and monitor athlete’s minimal competitive weight to prioritize the health and safety of the athlete, emphasize fairness, and ultimately benefit the sport.

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