The Fourth Royal Society Technology Lecture - Petrol and pollution

1971 ◽  
Vol 322 (1549) ◽  
pp. 147-163
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
The Public ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Executive Secretary ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Harmful Substances

During the twenty-five or so years I studied the physiology of the gametes at Cambridge, I was often impressed, and sometimes depressed, by the complexity of the problems posed by the phenomena I could see but seldom understand. The subject of this evening’s lecture is also extremely complex. But the comparative paucity of my knowledge of petrol and pollution, though a dangerous thing, absolves me from that plethora of cautionary or precautionary adverbs and paren­thetical qualifications which are so dear to the heart of the specialist. When, however, the Executive Secretary told me there would be a discussion period at the end, I felt it desirable and, indeed, essential to have the help of a specialist to deal with any difficult questions─or easy ones for that matter─ you may in due course wish to pose. Dr Alun Thomas is, therefore, here to help me and, fortified by his presence, I propose to start with some parochial though somewhat dis­turbing statistics. Table 1. Vehicles and cars in the U. K., millions year vehicles cars 1970 16 12.5 1975 20.5 16.5 1985 27.5 23 Note: the total number of motor vehicles in the U. S. A. in 1968 was about 100 million. There are about sixteen million vehicles in the United Kingdom this year, of which some twelve and a half million are cars, with over a million in London (table 1). They will use more than 25 x 10 9 litres of petrol. By 1975 there will be twenty and a half million vehicles with sixteen and a half million cars. By 1985 the number of cars will rise to twenty-three million, about double the present number. Apart from the noise and congestion for which they are and will be increasingly responsible, what do cars produce in the way of harmful substances? How harmful are these now ? How harmful will they become ? How much of them is produced? Is the situation in London similar to that in Los Angeles, New York and Tokyo? Does the public prefer acceleration to clean air? Can it have both? The purpose of this lecture is to put before you the facts when they are known─ and this is by no means always the case─so that dispassionate answers to the questions I have just raised, and allied ones, can be given.

scholarly journals The Determinants of Charity Misconduct

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diarmuid McDonnell ◽  
Alasdair C. Rutherford
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Regulatory Action ◽  
The Public ◽  
Administrative Dataset ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Public Scrutiny

Charities in the United Kingdom have been the subject of intense media, political, and public scrutiny in recent times; however, our understanding of the nature, extent, and determinants of charity misconduct is weak. Drawing upon a novel administrative dataset of 25,611 charities for the period 2006-2014 in Scotland, we develop models to predict two dimensions of charity misconduct: regulatory investigation and subsequent action. There have been 2,109 regulatory investigations of 1,566 Scottish charities over the study period, of which 31% resulted in regulatory action being taken. Complaints from members of the public are most likely to trigger an investigation, whereas the most common concerns relate to general governance and misappropriation of assets. Our multivariate analysis reveals a disconnect between the types of charities that are suspected of misconduct and those that are subject to subsequent regulatory action.

When Journalism Met the Internet

2019 ◽  
pp. 379-393
Author(s):  
Mike Dillon
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
New Media ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Los Angeles Times ◽  
The Public ◽  
Digital World ◽  
News Organizations ◽  
Cast Doubt

American news organizations have long been criticized for failing to anticipate, appreciate and exploit the Internet as it became a fact of daily life in the mid-1990s. This chapter explores and analyzes the lack of planning that stymied the development of journalism on the Web and cast doubt on the viability of traditional public-service journalism with its enduring values of accuracy, fairness and advocacy. Specifically, the essay documents and analyzes the online debuts of two venerable “old media” news outlets (The New York Times and The Los Angeles Times) and two “new media” Web news outlets (Salon and Slate) in the mid-1990s by exploring the claims they made about their aims, purposes and expectations as they introduced themselves to the public via their salutatory editorials. It is a cautionary tale for a digital world that reconfigures itself in ever-quickening cycles.

scholarly journals Uber Takes the Passing Lane: Disruptive Competition and Taxi-Livery Service Regulations

Elements ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Schneider
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Cost Burden ◽  
Fundamental Change ◽  
Significant Cost ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ride Sharing ◽  
Do So

It is rare that municipalities have the opportunity to remake a significant portion of key infrastructure, and to do so without significant cost burden on the citizens. The advent of Uber and similar entities that have moved the ride-sharing concept into the 21st century provide that unique chance in the public transportation arena. However, cities such as Los Angeles, New York, and Chicago are responding to Uber as a threat to established taxi-livery services and their accompanying regulatory structures rather than an opportunity for modernization. in order to capitalize on this transformative moment, cities and governments must rethink and address decades-old rules, regulations, and entrenched interests. The benefits to and acceptance by the public that surround the ride-sharing movement are unprecedented. Whether today's politicians and regulators have the courage and foresight to embrace this fundamental change will determine the long-term success and the meaningful evolution of our national transportation newtork.

Report of Her Majesty's Commissioners appointed to enquire into the State of Lunatic Asylums in Scotland, and the existing Law in reference to Lunatics and Lunatic Asylums in that part of the United Kingdom. 1857

1857 ◽  
Vol 3 (22) ◽  
pp. 548-566
Author(s):  
J. C. B.
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
The State ◽  
Good Sense ◽  
The Public ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Lunatic Asylums

On few occasions has the great heart of the public been more deeply moved than by the recent revelations of the Scotch Lunacy Report. The report itself is a document remarkable not only for the information it contains, but for the soundness of opinions which it expresses, and for its general good sense, moderation, and justice. It is excellent, both in matter and manner, and is highly creditable not only to the whole of the Commissioners, whose industry in their vocation it illustrates, and whose opinions it enunciates, but it is so in the highest degree to the particular Commissioner to whom was entrusted the task of drawing it up, and whose enlightened views and wide knowledge on the subject of insanity, our associates will have no difficulty in recognising.

Kennewick Man: coming to closure

Antiquity ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (348) ◽  
pp. 1485-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Meltzer
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Television News ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Human Remains ◽  
The State ◽  
Popular Press ◽  
The New York Times ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Subject

Few human remains from the distant past have achieved the public visibility and notoriety of Kennewick Man (the Ancient One). Since his discovery in July 1996 in the state of Washington, he has appeared on one of America's best-known television news programmes,60 Minutes. He has been on the cover ofTimemagazine and in the pages ofPeople,NewsweekandThe New York Times.He has been the subject of popular press books (Downey 2000; Thomas 2000; Chatters 2001), and for many years running there were almost annual updates on his whereabouts and status inScience(some 30 in the decade following his discovery). That is saying nothing of the scholarly notice and debate he has drawn (e.g. Swedlund & Anderson 1999; Owsley & Jantz 2001; Steele & Powell 2002; Watkins 2004; Burkeet al. 2008), including a recently issued tome marking the culmination of almost a decade of study (Owsley & Jantz 2014a).

scholarly journals Stanley Melbourne Bruce - Viscount Bruce of Melbourne, 1883-1967

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Grammar School ◽  
Preparatory School ◽  
The Public ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of

The public life of Stanley Melbourne Bruce, Prime Minister of Australia, a Viscount of the United Kingdom, a Fellow of the Royal Society, was one of the most paradoxical in the history of his native country. Bruce was born in Melbourne on 15 April 1883, of a well-to-do mercantile family. 1893 saw the collapse of a great land boom, the failure of some banks and an acute general depression. The family business, Paterson, Laing and Bruce, was in difficulties. Stanley Bruce’s father sold his mansion in the fashionable suburb of Toorak. Stanley himself had to leave his preparatory school—the fees were not available. His father, who appears to have been a singularly determined man, then proceeded to restore the fortunes of the business. In 1896 the young Stanley went to the well-known Melbourne Grammar School, where he was a most successful all-round student. It has been given to few boys at a great school to be not only captain of football, of cricket, of athletics, and of rowing, but also Senior Prefect (i.e. Captain) of the School.

scholarly journals At the Anniversary Meeting, November 30, 1844

1851 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 519-538
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Sir Isaac Newton ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
The Public ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Antarctic

Gentlemen, The time has again come round for my addressing you, and for ex­pressing my own gratitude, as well as yours, to your Council for their constant and zealous attention to the interests of the Royal Society. We have been compelled during several late years to have recourse to legal proceedings on the subject of the great tithes of Mablethorp, a portion of the Society’s property, and I rejoice to say with success. In my last address, I was required to give our thanks to Mr. Watt and to Mr. Dollond for the valuable busts which they had kindly presented to us. That of Mr. Dollond is placed at the commence­ment of the staircase leading to our apartments, and serves to indi­cate that his valuable improvements in the construction of our tele­scopes have been so many steps to the acquisition of higher and higher knowledge of the great universe of which this globe forms so insignificant a part. By the liberality of Mr. Watt we shall soon be furnished with handsome pedestals for the busts of his father and of Sir Isaac Newton, the two great lights of British mechanical genius and British philosophical science. Mr. Gilbert has kindly undertaken to furnish a similar pedestal for the bust of his father, and we have thought it right to provide one for that of Sir Joseph Banks. These will shortly form a conspicuous ornament of our place of meeting. The magnetical observatories are still carrying on their observa­tions, both in Her Majesty’s dominions and in foreign countries, and another naval officer, Lieut. Moore, has proceeded to the Antarctic Seas to complete a portion of the survey of Captain Sir James Ross, which was interrupted by stress of weather. That gallant and enter­ prising officer will, I hope, ere long give to us and to the public his own narrative of his important discoveries. Detailed accounts of the botany and zoology of the regions visited by him are preparing under the patronage of the Government, while Colonel Sabine is proceeding with the raagnetical observations, which were the more immediate objects of this, one of the most important voyages of discovery ever undertaken.

Introduction: Immigration and Incorporation

1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén G. Rumbaut
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Past ◽  
Immigrant Settlement ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
American Society

In at least one sense the “American century” is ending much as it had begun: the United States has again become a nation of immigrants, and it is again being transformed in the process. But the diversity of the “new immigration” to the United States over the past three decades differs in many respects from that of the last period of mass immigration in the first three decades of the century. The immigrants themselves differ greatly in their social class and national origins, and so does the American society, polity, and economy that receives them—raising questions about their modes of incorporation, and challenging conventional accounts of assimilation processes that were framed during that previous epoch. The dynamics and future course of their adaptation are open empirical questions—as well as major questions for public policy, since the outcome will shape the future contours of American society. Indeed, as the United States undergoes its most profound demographic transformation in a century; as inexorable processes of globalization, especially international migrations from Asia, Africa, and the Americas, diversify still further the polyethnic composition of its population; and as issues of immigration, race and ethnicity become the subject of heated public debate, the question of incorporation, and its serious study, becomes all the more exigent. The essays in this special issue of Sociological Perspectives tackle that subject from a variety of analytical vantages and innovative approaches, covering a wide range of groups in major areas of immigrant settlement. Several of the papers focus specifically on Los Angeles and New York City, where, remarkably, fully a quarter of the total U.S. immigrant population resides.

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