scholarly journals Explore the Potential of a Plant Phospholipase as an Antimicrobial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curtis Chen ◽  
Shanhui Xu ◽  
Yanran Li
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Plant Lipase ◽  
Plant Enzymes ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractGlobal public health is increasingly threatened by the fast emergence of antibiotic resistance, and novel types of antibiotics are urgently needed. Metazoans have evolved their own antimicrobial mechanism, such as human group IIA secreted phospholipase A (sPLA2), which can efficiently inhibit the growth of gram-positive bacteria, but with much lower efficiency toward gram-negative bacteria. Here, we verified the antibacterial activity of a plant lipase, PLIP1 from Arabidopsis thaliana, against the gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, which belongs to the WHO priority 1 (critical) pathogen Enterobacteriaceae family. We also explored the potential of evolving PLIP1 as a more potent antimicrobial agent towards E. coli. Our results imply the possibility of using plant lipases as a potential antimicrobial and shed light on the future exploration of plant enzymes for novel and more efficient antibacterial agents.

scholarly journals Apomorphine Targets the Pleiotropic Bacterial Regulator Hfq

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Florian Turbant ◽  
David Partouche ◽  
Omar El Hamoui ◽  
Sylvain Trépout ◽  
Théa Legoubey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Rnas ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Amyloid Fibrils ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Amyloid Formation ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Translation Efficiency ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Bacterial Adaptation ◽  
E Coli

Hfq is a bacterial regulator with key roles in gene expression. The protein notably regulates translation efficiency and RNA decay in Gram-negative bacteria, thanks to its binding to small regulatory noncoding RNAs. This property is of primary importance for bacterial adaptation and survival in hosts. Small RNAs and Hfq are, for instance, involved in the response to antibiotics. Previous work has shown that the E. coli Hfq C-terminal region (Hfq-CTR) self-assembles into an amyloid structure. It was also demonstrated that the green tea compound EpiGallo Catechin Gallate (EGCG) binds to Hfq-CTR amyloid fibrils and remodels them into nonamyloid structures. Thus, compounds that target the amyloid region of Hfq may be used as antibacterial agents. Here, we show that another compound that inhibits amyloid formation, apomorphine, may also serve as a new antibacterial. Our results provide an alternative in order to repurpose apomorphine, commonly used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, as an antibiotic to block bacterial adaptation to treat infections.

scholarly journals An unusual case of chest pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1290
Author(s):  
Saswat Subhankar ◽  
K. Madhuri ◽  
Vivek D. Alone
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Competent Patient ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bones caused by pyogenic organisms. The ribs are an extremely uncommon site for osteomyelitis, occurring in less than 1% cases. The main causative organisms are Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Hemophilus influenzae. Gram-negative bacteria like E. coli have been rarely reported. Authors hereby present a case of an immune-competent patient who presented with an osteomyelitis of the ribs caused by the latter. In developing countries, tuberculosis is considered as the primary cause of osteomyelitis and pleural effusions. However, other organisms should also be considered in patients who present with fulminant infections.

Removal of reactive dyes from aqueous solution by different bacterial genera

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hu Tai-Lee
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Bacterial Biomass ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Mixed Biomass ◽  
Decreasing Ph

The use of biomass for the removal of reactive dyes from an aqueous solution with different bacterial genera has been investigated. Three Gram-negative bacteria: Aeromonas sp., P. luteola and E. coli, and two Gram-positive bacteria: B. subtilis and S. aureus and a mixed biomass of activated sludge are the tested biosorbents. Dead cells of Gram-negative bacteria have a higher specific adsorption capacity than the living cells. The dye removal is in the order of Aeromonoas sp. > P. luteola > E. coli. The adsorption equilibrium can be reached within one hour. Due to the positively charged cells at acidic pH, the removal of reactive dyes increases with decreasing pH. Evaluating the adsorption parameters, bacterial biomass exhibits stable adsorption characteristics, which makes it a suitable adsorbent for different dye compounds.

scholarly journals A high prevalence of multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacilli in a Nepali tertiary care hospital and associated widespread distribution of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-encoding genes

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulochana Manandhar ◽  
Raphael M. Zellweger ◽  
Nhukesh Maharjan ◽  
Sabina Dongol ◽  
Krishna G. Prajapati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background Multi-drug resistance (MDR) and extensive-drug resistance (XDR) associated with extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemases in Gram-negative bacteria are global public health concerns. Data on circulating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in Gram-negative bacteria and their correlation with MDR and ESBL phenotypes from Nepal is scarce. Methods A retrospective study was performed investigating the distribution of ESBL and carbapenemase genes and their potential association with ESBL and MDR phenotypes in E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp. and Acinetobacter spp. isolated in a major tertiary hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal, between 2012 and 2018. Results During this period, the hospital isolated 719 E. coli, 532 Klebsiella spp., 520 Enterobacter spp. and 382 Acinetobacter spp.; 1955/2153 (90.1%) of isolates were MDR and half (1080/2153) were ESBL producers. Upon PCR amplification, blaTEM (1281/1771; 72%), blaCTXM-1 (930/1771; 53%) and blaCTXM-8 (419/1771; 24%) were the most prevalent ESBL genes in the enteric bacilli. BlaOXA and blaOXA-51 were the most common blaOXA family genes in the enteric bacilli (918/1771; 25%) and Acinetobacter spp. (218/382; 57%) respectively. Sixteen percent (342/2153) of all isolates and 20% (357/1771) of enteric bacilli harboured blaNDM-1 and blaKPC carbapenemase genes respectively. Of enteric bacilli, Enterobacter spp. was the most frequently positive for blaKPC gene (201/337; 60%). The presence of each blaCTX-M and blaOXA were significantly associated with non-susceptibility to third generation cephalosporins (OR 14.7, p < 0.001 and OR 2.3, p < 0.05, respectively).The presence of each blaTEM, blaCTXM and blaOXA family genes were significantly associated with ESBL positivity (OR 2.96, p < 0.001; OR 14.2, p < 0.001 and OR 1.3, p < 0.05 respectively) and being MDR (OR 1.96, p < 0.001; OR 5.9, p < 0.001 and OR 2.3, p < 0.001 respectively). Conclusions This study documents an alarming level of AMR with high prevalence of MDR ESBL- and carbapenemase-positive ESKAPE microorganisms in our clinical setting. These data suggest a scenario where the clinical management of infected patients is increasingly difficult and requires the use of last-resort antimicrobials, which in turn is likely to intensify the magnitude of global AMR crisis.

scholarly journals Water-dispersible glycosylated poly(2,5′-thienylene)porphyrin-based nanoparticles for antibacterial photodynamic therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1147-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rehan Khan ◽  
Melis Özkan ◽  
Aisan Khaligh ◽  
Dönüs Tuncel
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Water Dispersible ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
High Yields

Water-dispersible glycosylated poly(2,5′-thienylene)porphyrin-based nanoparticles have the ability to generate singlet oxygen in high yields and exhibit light-triggered antibacterial activity against Gram negative bacteria, E. coli as well as Gram positive bacteria, B. subtilis.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Evaluation of Curcumin-Sulfanilamide Compound

2020 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
Nurjanah Nurjanah ◽  
Endang Saepudin
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Ftir Spectrophotometry

Curcumin, a diarylheptanoids compound which isolated primary from Curcuma longa, exhibits a variety of exciting biological activities, including as an antibacterial agent. In the present study, a sulfanilamide-contained curcumin compound was synthesized and characterized to investigate the antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria S. aureus, B. subtilis and gram-negative bacteria E. coli. The characterization of the synthesized compound was determined by analysing peak absorbance, functional group, and molecular weight using mass spectroscopy, UV/Vis and FTIR spectrophotometry. Curcumin-sulfanilamide compound exhibited the best antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria compared to curcumin and the curcumin-derived compound containing isoxazole with inhibitory zone of 11 mm.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Chalcones and Pyrimidine-2-ones

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-112
Author(s):  
A. K. Parekh ◽  
K. K. Desai
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Spectral Data ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Aromatic Aldehydes ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
H Nmr

Some new chalcones have been prepared by Claisen-schmidt condensation of ketone and different aromatic aldehydes. These chalcones on condensation with urea in presence of acid gave Pyrimidine-2-ones. The synthesized compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR and1H NMR spectral data. They have been screened for their antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria B. subtillis & S. aureus and Gram negative bacteria E. coli & S. typhi.

scholarly journals Functional and structural characterization of Serratia marcescens ExbB: determinants of the interaction with HasB/TonB

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valérie Biou ◽  
Ricardo Jorge D Adaixo ◽  
Mohamed Chami ◽  
Pierre-Damien Coureux ◽  
Benoist Laurent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Molecular Motor ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
New Class ◽  
Heme Acquisition ◽  
Shed Light

ExbBD is part of a cytoplasmic membrane molecular motor driven by the proton-motive force. It belongs to the larger family of motors involved in nutriment import across the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria (ExbBD), flagellar rotation (MotAB) or late steps of cell division in Gram-negative bacteria (TolQR). ExbB and ExbD are integral membrane proteins with three (ExbB) or one (ExbD) transmembrane segment. Here we have solved by single-particle cryo-EM the structures of ExbB alone and of the ExbB-ExbD complex of the opportunistic pathogen Serratia marcescens. ExbBSm alone behaves as a stable pentamer, and the complex displays the ExbB5-ExbD2 stoichiometry. This is similar to what has been observed for ExbB-ExbD complexes from Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas savastanoi as well as MotAB complexes from various species. We identified residues located in the first TM of ExbBSm and ExbBEc that are likely involved in the interaction with TonB/HasB and that are essential for function. ExbBSm has a ca. 40 residues long periplasmic extension absent in E. coli. Such long ExbBs are found in some Gammaproteobacteria, and several genera of Alphaproteobacteria. We show that this extension interacts with HasB, a dedicated TonB paralog from the heme acquisition system (Has) from S. marcescens. We also show that it is involved in heme acquisition via the Has system from S. marcescens. ExbBSm represents thus a new class of ExbB protein and our results shed light on the specificity determinants between the ExbB-ExbD complex and their associated TonB partners.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of 2-Phenylsulphonamide Derivatives of Some Amino Acids

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Chinyere Benardette Chinaka Ikpa ◽  
Uchechukwu C. Okoro ◽  
Collins I. Ubochi ◽  
Kieran O. Nwanorh
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Simple Substitution ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Derivatives Of

The 2-phenylsulphonamide derivatives of amino acids were synthesis by simple substitution of benzenesulphonylchloride (6) with amino acids (1-5) containing pharmacological active functionalities. Structures of the synthesised compounds (7a-7e) were characterised using FT-IR, NMR(1H,13C) and elemental analysis. The anti bacterial activities of the synthesised compounds were evaluated against gram positive bacteria: Staph and Streptococcus, gram negative bacteria: E-coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, and pseudomonas using 200 µl of 10 mg/ml and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were also determined. The compounds exhibited effective anti bacterial properties though some are not more active than the standard drug ciprofloxacin.

scholarly journals The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Periplasm: Unexpected Molecular Interactions of Antibiotics Revealed by Considering Crowding Effects in E. coli

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conrado Pedebos ◽  
Iain P. S. Smith ◽  
Alister Boags ◽  
Syma Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Crowding Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Mechanism ◽  
Target Membrane ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Crowded Environment

AbstractThe periplasm of Gram-negative bacteria is a highly crowded environment comprised of many different molecular species. Antibacterial agents that causes lysis of Gram-negative bacteria by their action against the inner membrane must cross the periplasm to arrive at their target membrane. Very little is currently known about their route through the periplasm, and the interactions they experience. To this end, here atomistic molecular dynamics simulations are used to study the path taken by the antibiotic polymyxin B1 through a number of models of the periplasm which are crowded with proteins and osmolytes to different extents. The simulations reveal that PMB1 forms transient and long-lived interactions with proteins and osmolytes that are free in solution as well as lipoproteins anchored to the outer membrane and bound to the cell wall. We show that PMB1 may be able to ‘hitchhike’ within the periplasm by binding to lipoprotein carriers. Overall our results show that PMB1 is rarely uncomplexed within the periplasm; an important consideration for interpretations of its therapeutic mechanism of action. It is likely that this observation can be extended to other antibiotics that rely on diffusion to cross the periplasm.

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