scholarly journals Injury caused by alcoholic cardiomyopathy in spontaneous ethanol drinking rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victória Mokarzel de Barros Camargo ◽  
Vanessa Caroline Fioravante ◽  
Patricia Fernanda Felipe Pinheiro ◽  
Francisco Eduardo Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Ethanol Drinking ◽  
Tissue Replacement ◽  
Ethanol Abuse ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ventricular Wall Thickness ◽  
Fiber Deposition ◽  
Acute Intake ◽  
Left Ventricle Myocardium

ABSTRACTWhen speaking of pathologies caused or aggravated by the constant ingestion of ethanol, people with liver and central nervous system diseases soon come to mind, however, the acute intake of large amounts of ethanol and chronic abuse induce toxic effects in the majority of tissues. The heart is highlighted, since alcoholic cardiomyopathy (AC) has prevalence among alcoholics of 23 to 40% and occurs more frequently in men than in women. AC is characterized by dilation and poor contraction of one or both ventricles in the presence of increased ventricular wall thickness, along with a long history of ethanol abuse and no other cause identified. Our aim is to quantify the rate of cardiac tissue replacement, collagen fiber deposition and pro inflammatory cytokines in the left ventricle myocardium of volunteer ethanol drinking rats.

scholarly journals A history of ethanol drinking increases locomotor stimulation and blunts enhancement of dendritic dopamine transmission by methamphetamine

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Tschumi ◽  
Anna W. Daszkowski ◽  
Amanda L. Sharpe ◽  
Marta Trzeciak ◽  
Michael J. Beckstead
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Stimulation ◽  
Ethanol Drinking ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dopamine Transmission

Essential Thrombocytosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Mechanistic Challenge

2021 ◽  
Vol 156 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S106-S106
Author(s):  
S Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Essential Thrombocytosis ◽  
Ethanol Abuse ◽  
History Of ◽  
Right Lobe ◽  
Alpha Feto Protein ◽  
Second Wave

Abstract Introduction/Objective Thrombocytosis has been reported in 8.2% of patients with Hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] and has been attributed to increased Thrombopoietin [TPO] production by the tumor. Methods/Case Report We present a case of a 68-year-old male with a history of Hepatitis C and ethanol abuse presented with complaints of headache and chills. Imaging studies revealed a large mass in the liver [right lobe] suggesting an HCC of fibrolamellar type. His platelet count [PC] was 965 K/mcL. The serum AFP [Alpha feto protein] concentration was >51,800 ng/ml. There was no evidence of metastatic disease and the patient was started on Capecitabine and radiation therapy targeting the liver mass. Lung metastasis became evident and Sorafenib was added. His PCs and AFP concentrations however continued decreasing to 306 K/mcL and 460.7 ng/ml respectively. His PC then increased to a peak of 1.32 million/mcL 10 months later. The molecular workup done at our reference lab was positive for CALR [Calreticulin] mutation. The patient was started on Hydroxyurea and his PC decreased to 323 K/mcL at the time of writing. His AFP has remained stable. This case illuminates the complicated relationship between HCC and thrombocytosis. The therapy directed against the HCC did decrease PC and AFP concentration in our case. The second wave of thrombocytosis led to the discovery of CALR mutation, and the patient was diagnosed with Essential Thrombocytosis [ET]. Treatment with Hydroxyurea again decreased the PC while AFP concentration was increased but stable. Thrombopoietin levels have remained stable for the patient after treatment with Hydroxyurea. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) NA Conclusion Although the question of which mechanism(or possibly both) was at work in this case cannot be resolved definitely, two points are worth noting. The first is that- the assumption that the thrombocytosis was related to the HCC delayed testing for mutations associated with Essential Thrombocytosis. The second is that the TPO assay that may have yielded useful information in sorting out the alternatives was not ordered early enough before starting hydroxyurea.

Abstract 10961: QRS Duration and Left Bundle Branch Block Do Not Deter Assessment of Low Voltage in Cardiac Amyloidosis

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett W Sperry ◽  
Michael N Vranian ◽  
Hariom Joshi ◽  
Rory Hachamovitch ◽  
Mazen Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Left Bundle Branch Block ◽  
Cardiac Amyloidosis ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
S Wave ◽  
Bundle Branch Block ◽  
Propensity Matching ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ventricular Wall Thickness ◽  
Qrs Duration

Introduction: Left bundle branch block (LBBB) with QRS duration > 120 msec is typically associated with increased ECG voltage without a necessary increase in left ventricular wall thickness. Studies assessing voltage criteria in amyloidosis and other cardiomyopathies have excluded patients with LBBB. We sought to assess the effects of QRS duration and LBBB on voltage criteria in cardiac amyloidosis. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with newly diagnosed cardiac amyloidosis at our institution from 2001-2014. Low voltage in the precordial leads was defined by the Sokolow criteria (S wave in V1 plus R wave in V5 or V6 ≤ 15mm). Limb lead voltage was calculated by the sum of the entire QRS complex voltage of leads I, II and III with low voltage being defined as each lead ≤ 5 mm. Patients with left bundle branch block were propensity matched to assess voltage criteria based upon age, sex, history of HTN, amyloid type (AL vs TTR), anteroseptal thickness and BSA to those with QRS < 120msec. Results: In 299 subjects (age 69.6 +/- 11.7 years, male 69%, HTN 53%, AL 53%, IVS 18.1 +/- 4.1 mm, BSA 1.95 +/- 0.26, EF 48 +/- 14%), mean QRS duration was 107 +/- 25 msec with 71 patients (24%) having a QRS duration greater than 120 msec (17 LBBB). The average limb voltage was 15.1 +/- 7.3 mm with low limb lead voltage seen in 62% of patients. Low precordial lead voltage was found in 73% of patients with a mean Sokolow voltage of 12.9 +/- 7.5 mm. After propensity matching the 17 patients with LBBB on a 1:3 basis with patients with a narrow complex QRS, there was no difference in any measure of voltage criteria. Conclusion: LBBB is not associated with higher voltage and does not hinder the ability to detect low voltage in patients with cardiac amyloidosis.

Abstract 3391: Prevalence Of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy In Elite Athletes

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Basavarajaiah ◽  
Mathew Wilson ◽  
Agnes Chlebinska ◽  
Arash Yavari ◽  
Gordon Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Wave Inversion ◽  
2D Echocardiography ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ventricular Wall Thickness ◽  
And Function

Objectives: The prevalence of HCM in the general population is estimated to be around 1 in 500. The exact prevalence of HCM in athletes has never been reported and has important implications with regards to potential future national pre-participation screening programme in countries such as United Kingdom, where currently there is no such programme for junior athletes. Methods: Between 1996 and 2006, 3500 asymptomatic and normotensive elite athletes (70% males) aged between 14–35 years (mean: 20.5±5.80) and a mean body surface area of 1.86±0.16 m 2 (range1.36–2.29) underwent 12-lead EKG and 2D-echocardiography. Cardiac dimensions and function were measured using conventional methods. Results: Of the 3500 athletes, 53 (2%) had maximal left ventricular wall thickness (LVWTd) > 12 mm (mean: 13.6 ± 0.9, range: 13–16). All 53 were male athletes and all except 3 of them had associated dilated LV cavity (58.5 ± 5.14 mm, range 52– 65) implying physiological left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). This was also supported by normal indices of diastolic function and absence of family history of HCM or sudden cardiac death (SCD). However, there were 3 athletes with LVWT > 12mm who had a relatively non-dilated LV cavity (range:45– 46) and bizarre EKG changes (deep T-wave inversion) that that raised the suspicion of HCM. But none of them exhibited any other phenotypic feature of HCM on further testing with 48-hour EKG recording, cardiopulmonary exercise testing and assessment of their first-degree family members. Only one of the 3 athletes agreed to detrain for 12-weeks, which resulted in regression of LVH and complete resolution of EKG changes. Conclusion: In our study, only 3 athletes had echocardiographic findings that could have been consisted with the diagnosis of HCM but further investigations failed to support the diagnosis. These results indicate that the prevalence of HCM in highly trained athletes is extremely rare. The structural and functional changes associated with HCM precludes generation of large amounts of cardiac output that are required during exercise selecting out most of these individuals from competitive sports. Our findings also questions the validity of previous data which proposes that HCM is the commonest cause of exercise related SCD in young athletes.

scholarly journals Splenic artery aneurysm as a rare cause of an upper GIT bleed

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. e232383
Author(s):  
Nolitha Makapi Tisetso Morare ◽  
Charl Bosman ◽  
Akinwumi Babatunde Ogunrombi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Splenic Artery ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Splenic Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Common Life ◽  
Bleeding Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Ethanol Abuse ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common life-threatening presentation in the emergency department. Causes are typically divided into variceal and non-variceal bleeds. Non-variceal pathologies typically include bleeding peptic ulcers, haemorrhagic gastritis and Mallory Weiss Tears. Occassionally, less common pathologies are encountered such as Dieulafoy’s lesions, haemosuccus pancreas, haemobilia or aorto-enteric fistula. The following report documents the case of a 49-year-old man who presented with an UGIB. His risk factors included a history of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, smoking and ethanol abuse. Despite his typical presentation and risk factors, investigation revealed an unusual and rare pathology. He was found to have a giant splenic artery aneurysm, abutting and eroding the gastric mucosa. Diagnosis was made using a combination of gastro-oesophagoscopy and CT scan. Successful treatment consisted of angio-embolisation of the aneurysm.

scholarly journals Tuberous sclerosis complex

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Araujo Rodrigues ◽  
Ciro Martins Gomes ◽  
Izelda Maria Carvalho Costa
Keyword(s):  
Tuberous Sclerosis ◽  
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex ◽  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Multisystem Disorder ◽  
Therapeutic Trials ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Tissue Replacement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Neurocutaneous Syndrome ◽  
Made In

Tuberous Sclerosis Complex, also known as Epiloia or Bourneville-Pringle disease is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous syndrome with variable clinical expression. It is a multisystem disorder that may be associated with hamartomas in multiple organs in an unpredictable manner. The dermatologist plays an essential role in the history of the disease, since skin manifestations represent the most prevalent clinical features, enabling early diagnosis and intervention in its natural course. This article aims to inform the scientific community about advances made in the study of genetics and molecular biology. Recent findings regarding stimulation of tumor growth have been changing the history of this condition, making therapeutic trials with topical and systemic drugs possible. Knowledge of these topics enables better management of the patients affected, since tissue replacement by tumors can result in significant morbidity and mortality.

Natural history of congenital aortic valvar stenosis: an echo and Doppler cardiographic study

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petèr Király ◽  
Livia Kapusta ◽  
Henk van Lier ◽  
Anke Otten Hofman ◽  
Otto Daniëls
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Final Measurement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ventricular Wall Thickness ◽  
Measured Pressure ◽  
Congenital Aortic Valvar Stenosis

AbstratThe availability of echo Doppler cardiography enables monitoring of the natural course of congenital aortic valvar stenosis more adequately than before. Between 1986 and 1993, 129 children with such stenosis were examined echocardiographically, 83 of them over a prolonged period with repeated studies of at least one per year. The pressure gradient between the left ventricle and ascending aorta, as well as the left ventricular wall thickness, were measured. When the pressure gradient detected increased to more than 60 mmHg, the patients were treated by balloon valvoplasty or surgical valvotomy. The last examination prior to intervention was taken as the final measurement.We found a significant increase (≥10 mmHg) in the measured pressure gradient in 40 of the 83 patients (48%). The onset of severe stenosis was not observed at a specific age, rather the stenosis was found suddenly to increase in severity at any age. The gradients measured in children younger than 2 years of age, however, increased twice as rapidly as those measured in the older children. A high gradient was not always accompanied by evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy.Based on our findings, we suggest that, since a sudden increase in severity of aortic valvar stenosis might be expected, the pressure gradient should be measured once every 6 months in children younger than 2 years of age and once a year after that age

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