Maternal first trimester metabolic profile in TGA pregnancies - a case-control study

Objective: To evaluate the association between maternal first trimester metabolic profile and transposition of the great arteries (TGA) in the offspring. Design: A matched case-control study using national register data and maternal first trimester blood samples. Settings: Finland Patients: A total of 100 mothers with TGA in their offspring and 200 controls matched by the year of birth and sex of the child, and the age and the body mass index (BMI) of the mother. Interventions: None. Main outcome measures: To identify the impact of 73 metabolic measure concentrations on the likelihood that a child would be born with TGA. Results: A higher concentration of four subtypes in extremely large very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles and one in large VLDL particles were observed in mothers with TGA in their offspring. This finding did not reach statistical significance after multiple testing correction. In the analysis of the subgroups of maternal BMI over 25 and 30 only, the odds ratios (OR) of the metabolic variables were higher compared to the original population. In the group with a BMI over 25 the mean OR was 1.3 (N= 111, total) and in the group with a BMI over 30 was 2.1 (N= 42, total). Conclusions: We found no statistically significant difference between the metabolic profiles of mothers with TGA in their offspring, and their controls. However, the trend in our BMI-matched study potentially indicates that the likelihood of TGA development associates with maternal early-pregnancy metabolic profile, and the association is more pronounced in the subgroups of BMI over 25 and 30. Further studies are needed especially in the higher BMI groups.

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First-trimester fetal growth discordance and development of preeclampsia in dichorionic twin pregnancies

Journal of Perinatal Medicine ◽

10.1515/jpm-2013-0260 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tanya Maric ◽

Natasha Singh ◽

Keith Duncan ◽

Guy J. Thorpe-Beeston ◽

Makrina D. Savvidou

Keyword(s):

Fetal Growth ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Subsequent Development ◽

First Trimester ◽

Case Control ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Crown Rump Length ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Twin Pregnancies ◽

Control Study

AbstractTo investigate the relation between first-trimester fetal growth discrepancy, as assessed by crown-rump length (CRL) at 11+0 to 13+6 weeks of gestation, and subsequent development of preeclampsia (PE) in dichorionic diamniotic (DCDA) twin pregnancies. The association between inter-twin CRL and birth weight (BW) discrepancy was also investigated.This was a retrospective, case-control study of DCDA twin pregnancies. Inter-twin CRL discrepancy was calculated as 100×(larger CRL–smaller CRL)/larger CRL. BW discordance was calculated as 100×(larger BW–smaller BW)/larger BW.The study included 299 DCDA pregnancies that remained normotensive and 35 that subsequently developed PE. There was no significant difference in the inter-twin CRL discrepancy between pregnancies complicated by PE and those that were not [3.2%, interquartile range (IQR): 0.5–4.5% vs. 3.3%, IQR: 1.4–5.5%; P=0.17]. There was a positive correlation between inter-twin CRL and BW discrepancy but only in pregnancies that remained normotensive (P<0.001). In women that subsequently developed PE, there was no association between inter-twin CRL and BW discordance (P=0.54).In unselected DCDA twins, first-trimester CRL discrepancy is not different between pregnancies that subsequently develop PE and those that remain normotensive. Furthermore, in pregnancies that are complicated by PE, the association between inter-twin CRL and BW discrepancy appears to be lost.

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A population-based case–control study of the association between weather-related extreme heat events and low birthweight

Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease ◽

10.1017/s2040174420000392 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Wayne R. Lawrence ◽

Aida Soim ◽

Wangjian Zhang ◽

Ziqiang Lin ◽

Yi Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Control Study ◽

First Trimester ◽

Population Based ◽

Case Control ◽

Extreme Heat ◽

Maximum Temperature ◽

Extreme Heat Events ◽

The Impact ◽

Heat Events ◽

Control Study

Abstract Although prenatal exposure to high ambient temperatures were reported to be associated with preterm birth, limited research assessed the impact of weather-related extreme heat events (EHE) on birthweight, particularly by trimester. We, therefore, investigated the impact of prenatal EHE on birthweight among term babies (tLBW) by trimester and birthweight percentile. We conducted a population-based case–control study on singleton live births at 38–42 gestational weeks in New York State (NYS) by linking weather data with NYS birth certificates. A total of 22,615 cases were identified as birthweight <2500 gram, and a random sample of 139,168 normal birthweight controls was included. EHE was defined as three consecutive days with the maximum temperatures of ≥32.2 °C/90 °F (EHE90) and two consecutive days of temperatures ≥97th percentile (EHE97) based on the distribution of the maximum temperature for the season and region. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) with multivariable unconditional logistic regression, controlling for confounders. Overall exposure to EHE97 for 2 d was associated with tLBW (OR 1.05; 95% CI 1.02, 1.09); however, the strongest associations were only observed in the first trimester for both heat indicators, especially when exposure was ≥3 d (ORs ranged: 1.06–1.13). EHE in the first trimester was associated with significant reduction in mean birthweight from 26.78 gram (EHE90) to 36.25 gram (EHE97), which mainly affected the 40th and 60th birthweight percentiles. Findings revealed associations between multiple heat indicators and tLBW, where the impact was consistently strongest in the first trimester.

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A case control study of vitamin D levels in patients with vitiligo

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20170796 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 103

Author(s):

Devan Prakash ◽

K. Karthikeyan

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

The Body ◽

Outpatient Department ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Tertiary Center ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Control Study

Background: Vitiligo is fairly commonly encountered disorder of pigmentation resulting in the presence of numerous depigmented macules and patches over the body. Vitamin D is an essential hormone synthesized in the skin. Levels of vitamin D have been found to be low in patients with vitiligo. The purpose of this study is to evaluate if vitamin D levels have any association with vitiligo, by estimating the levels of vitamin D in patients with vitiligo, and correlating type of vitiligo with vitamin D levels.Methods: A hospital based case control study was done in the Dermatology outpatient department of a tertiary center in South India from October 2014 to May 2016. About 45 consenting patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were chosen for the study. About 45 age and sex matched consenting individuals without vitiligo were chosen as controls from the Dermatology outpatient department. A detailed history and clinical examination of all the consenting subjects was done. Blood samples were collected from both the cases and controls by venepuncture and sera separated. The levels of Vitamin D were estimated using a vitamin D ELISA kit.Results: There was no statistically significant difference in vitamin D levels between patients and controls. There was no correlation between type of vitiligo and vitamin D value. Conclusions: Vitamin D does not appear to have any role in vitiligo patients in this study.

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Stereotactic radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations after Onyx embolization: a case-control study

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/2014.12.jns141437 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 123 (1) ◽

pp. 126-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Cheng-Chia Lee ◽

Ching-Jen Chen ◽

Benjamin Ball ◽

David Schlesinger ◽

Zhiyuan Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽

Arteriovenous Malformations ◽

Radiation Effects ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Case Control ◽

Consecutive Series ◽

Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Control Study

OBJECT Onyx, an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer mixed in a dimethyl sulfoxide solvent, is currently one of the most widely used liquid materials for embolization of intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). The goal of this study was to define the risks and benefits of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for patients who have previously undergone partial AVM embolization with Onyx. METHODS Among a consecutive series of 199 patients who underwent SRS between January 2007 and December 2012 at the University of Virginia, 25 patients had Onyx embolization prior to SRS (the embolization group). To analyze the obliteration rates and complications, 50 patients who underwent SRS without prior embolization (the no-embolization group) were matched by propensity score method. The matched variables included age, sex, nidus volume before SRS, margin dose, Spetzler-Martin grade, Virginia Radiosurgery AVM Scale score, and median imaging follow-up period. RESULTS After Onyx embolization, 18 AVMs were reduced in size. Total obliteration was achieved in 6 cases (24%) at a median of 27.5 months after SRS. In the no-embolization group, total obliteration was achieved in 20 patients (40%) at a median of 22.4 months after SRS. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated obliteration rates of 17.7% and 34.1% in the embolization group at 2 and 4 years, respectively. In the no-embolization group, the corresponding obliteration rates were 27.0% and 55.9%. The between-groups difference in obliteration rates after SRS did not achieve statistical significance. The difference in complications, including adverse radiation effects, hemorrhage episodes, seizure control, and patient mortality also did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Onyx embolization can effectively reduce the size of many AVMs. This case-control study did not show any statistically significant difference in the rates of embolization or complications after SRS in patients who had previously undergone Onyx embolization and those who had not.

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High Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Discoid Lupus Erythematosus: A Cross-Sectional, Case-Control Study

Journal of Immunology Research ◽

10.1155/2017/3972706 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sevgi Akarsu ◽

Ozlem Ozbagcivan ◽

Fatma Semiz ◽

Sebnem Aktan

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Discoid Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact ◽

Control Study

Although it is known that systemic form of lupus erythematosus (LE) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are frequently observed together, there are no published reports on MetS in patients with skin-restricted LE. We aimed to compare the frequencies of MetS and its components in discoid LE (DLE) with the non-DLE control group. Additionally, we intended to determine the differences of sociodemographic and clinical data of the DLE patients with MetS compared to the patients without MetS. This was a cross-sectional, case-control study, including 60 patients with DLE and 82 age- and gender-matched control subjects. In DLE group, the presence of MetS was observed as more frequent (48.3% versus 24.4%, p=0.003), and hypertriglyceridemia (43.3% versus 22.0%, p=0.006) and reduced HDL-cholesterol (61.7% versus 23.2%, p<0.001) among the MetS components were found significantly higher when compared to the control group. DLE patients with MetS were at older age (50.45±11.49 versus 43.06±12.09, p=0.02), and hypertension, hyperlipidemia/dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease histories were observed at a higher ratio when compared to the patients without MetS. Between the DLE patients with and without MetS, no significant difference was observed in terms of clinical characteristics of DLE. Moreover, further large case-control studies with follow-up periods would be required to clearly assess the impact of MetS on the clinical outcomes of DLE.

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The Impact of Diabetes on Cutaneous Leishmanisis: A Case Control Study on Infection, Treatment Outcomes and its Public Health Importance

10.21203/rs.3.rs-42482/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mahshid Mostafavi ◽

Iraj Sharifi ◽

Gholamreza Asadikaram ◽

Nozar Nakhaee ◽

Sina Kakooei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Risk Determinants ◽

The Impact ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to assess the associated-risk determinants for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) compared to patients without diabetes. Methods: This work was performed as a case-control study between 2016 and 2019 in southeastern Iran. Participants were selected from patients with DM without CL, patients with CL without DM, and DM patients co-infected with CL as case groups and healthy individuals as a control group. The groups were screened, interviewed, and clinically examined. These cases were compared for parasitological, immunological, biochemical, and hematological parameters. T-test, univariate, multivariate logistic regression, univariate and multivariate multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed to compare the inter- and intra-subgroups. P < 0.05 was defined significant. Results: The findings demonstrated that parasitological factors regarding the number, duration, and size of the lesion in CL patients showed a significant difference among patients with and without diabetes (p < 0.05). Data analysis showed that six major risk factors, including female (odds ratio (OR) = 3.47, confidence interval (CI) =1.84–6.53, p < 0.001), total protein in CL group (OR= 4.9, CI=2.3-10.44, p <0.001), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentration in CL group (OR= 0.87, CI=0.81-0.93, p<0.001) and DM co-infected with CL group (OR= 0.8, CI=0.72-0.88, p <0.001) than healthy group, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentration in DM group (OR= 0.86, CI=0.76-0.98, p =0.02), transforming growth factor beta )TGF-β( level in the CL group (OR= 1.03, CI=1.003-1.05, p=0.02) and presence of diabetes disease (OR = 2.07, CI = 1.16–3.7, p < 0.05) were significantly linked with the induction of CL lesion. Furthermore, the parasitological, immunological, biochemical, and hematological findings were different from the CL group to DM co-infected with CL group.Conclusions: The findings demonstrated that there was a significant relationship between DM and CL in distinct risk determinants. Also, the study revealed that DM enhanced the severity of active CL. Therefore, proper prophylactic and therapeutic measures should be taken in endemic countries where DM and CL are co-infected.

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The impact of treatment delay on skin cancer in COVID-19 era: a case-control study

World Journal of Surgical Oncology ◽

10.1186/s12957-021-02468-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Konstantinos Seretis ◽

Eleni Boptsi ◽

Anastasia Boptsi ◽

Efstathios G. Lykoudis

Keyword(s):

Skin Cancer ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Treatment Delay ◽

Case Control ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic led to a 2-month lockdown in Europe. Elective surgeries, including skin cancer excisions, were postponed. The purpose of this prospective case-control study was to assess the impact of the treatment delay on patients with non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) or melanoma operated in the first post-lockdown period. Methods A comparative study of skin cancer operations performed in a 4-month period either in 2020 or in 2019 was conducted. All data were collected from a prospectively maintained clinic database and the pathological reports. Continuous variables were compared with t test or Mann-Whitney U test according to their distribution. Categorical variables were compared with Fisher exact test. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was used to assess the risk of excising high-risk NMSC in 2020 compared with 2019. Results Skin cancer excision was performed in 158 cases in 2020 compared to 125 cases in 2019 (26.4% increase). Significantly, more SCC were excised in 2020 (p = 0.024). No significant difference for several clinical parameters regarding BCC, SCC, and melanoma was identified. However, the reconstructive method applied, following NMSC excision, was significantly different, requiring frequently either skin grafting or a flap. Conclusion These results indicate that skin cancer treatment delay, due to COVID-19 pandemic, is related to an increased incidence of SCC and more complicated methods of reconstruction. Considering the relapsing COVID-19 waves, significant skin cancer treatment delays should be avoided. Trial registration The study adhered to the STROBE statement for case-control studies.

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COVID-19 and first trimester spontaneous abortion: a case-control study of 225 pregnant patients

10.1101/2020.06.19.20135749 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Stefano Cosma ◽

Andrea Carosso ◽

Jessica Cusato ◽

Fulvio Borella ◽

Marco Carosso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spontaneous Abortion ◽

Cumulative Incidence ◽

Case Control Study ◽

First Trimester ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Ongoing Pregnancy ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽

The Impact ◽

Control Study

ABSTRACTBackgroundEvidence for the impact of COVID-19 during the second and the third trimester of pregnancy is limited to a relatively small series, while data on the first trimester are scant. With this study we evaluated COVID-19 infection as a risk factor for spontaneous abortion in first trimester of pregnancy.MethodsBetween February 22 and May 21, 2020, we conducted a case-control study at S. Anna Hospital, Turin, among first trimester pregnant women, paired for last menstruation. The cumulative incidence of COVID-19 was compared between women with spontaneous abortion (case group, n=100) and those with ongoing pregnancy (control group, n=125). Current or past infection was determined by detection of SARS-CoV-2 from nasopharingeal swab and SARS- CoV-2 IgG/IgM antibodies in blood sample. Patient demographics, COVID-19-related symptoms, and the main risk factors for abortion were collected.FindingsTwenty-three (10.2%) of the 225 women tested positive for COVID-19 infection. There was no difference in the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 between the cases (11/100, 11%) and the controls (12/125, 9.6%) (p=0.73). Logistic regression analysis confirmed that COVID-19 was not an independent predictor of abortion (1.28 confidence interval 0.53-3.08).InterpretationCOVID-19 infection during the first trimester of pregnancy does not appear to predispose to abortion; its cumulative incidence did not differ from that of women with ongoing pregnancy.

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SERUM PROLACTINE LEVEL IN PATIENTS OF PSORIASIS VULGARIS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH DISEASE SEVERITY: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v3i6.303 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Pawan Kumar Saini ◽

Devendra Yadav ◽

Rozy Badyal ◽

Suresh Jain ◽

Arti Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disease Severity ◽

Prolactin Level ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Case Control ◽

Serum Prolactin ◽

P Value ◽

Serum Prolactin Level ◽

R Value ◽

Control Study

Background: Psoriasis is an autoimmune chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the skin mediated by T-lymphocytes resulting in production of cytokines which cause hyperproliferation of keratinocytes. Several factors and hormones like Prolactin have an action similar to these cytokines in promoting the multiplication of keratinocytes and other cells like lymphocytes and epithelial cells may have a role on the etiopathogenesis of psoriasis. Aim:-The aim of study is to compare the serum Prolactin levels in patients of psoriasis with a control group. Setting and study design: This is a case-control study conducted in the department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy GMC, Kota over a period of 1year from July 2017 to June 2018 Material and method: The study included 100 cases of psoriasis (60 males and 40 females) and 100 controls similar for age and sex. Serum Prolactin levels were measured by ECLIA and results were obtained. Statistical analysis: Mean and standard deviation were calculated for each variable. Statistical significance of the results was analyzed using correlation analysis (Pearson correlation coefficient) and independent samples t-test. Statistical significance was assumed at p value<0.05. Result: Serum Prolactin level was significantly higher in cases of psoriasis compared to controls (p-value <0.001). PASI score and serum Prolactin levels were found to have a positive correlation (r value = 0.337; p-value: 0.001). No significant correlation was found between serum levels of Prolactin and duration of disease r value= -0.034, P value =0.733). Serum Prolactin level was higher in male patients compared to females patients. Conclusion:- High serum Prolactin may be a biological marker of disease severity in psoriasis and may have a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Further studies with large sample size are required to confirm this hypothesis.

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Maternal-Fetal Management in Trombophilia Related and Placenta-Mediated Pregnancy Complications

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.18.9.6541 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (9) ◽

pp. 2396-2401

Author(s):

Costin Berceanu ◽

Elena Loredana Ciurea ◽

Monica Mihaela Cirstoiu ◽

Sabina Berceanu ◽

Anca Maria Ofiteru ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Pregnancy Complications ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Placental Insufficiency ◽

Management Options ◽

Specific Therapy ◽

Pregnancy Morbidity ◽

The Impact ◽

Control Study

It is widely accepted that thrombophilia in pregnancy greatly increases the risk of venous thromboembolism. Pregnancy complications arise, at least partly, from placental insufficiency. Any change in the functioning of the gestational transient biological system, such as inherited or acquired thrombophilia, might lead to placental insufficiency. In this research we included 64 pregnant women with trombophilia and 70 cases non-trombophilic pregnant women, with or without PMPC, over a two-year period. The purpose of this multicenter case-control study is to analyze the maternal-fetal management options in obstetric thrombophilia, the impact of this pathology on the placental structure and possible correlations with placenta-mediated pregnancy complications. Maternal-fetal management in obstetric thrombophilia means preconceptional or early diagnosis, prevention of pregnancy morbidity, specific therapy as quickly as possible and fetal systematic surveilance to identify the possible occurrence of placenta-mediated pregnancy complications.

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