High Efficiency Combined Aggregate – Submerged Combustion Melter–Electric Furnace for Vitrification of High-Level Radioactive Wastes

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Pioro ◽  
I. L. Pioro
Keyword(s):  
Electric Furnace ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Melting Process ◽  
Radioactive Wastes ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Interface Surface ◽  
High Level ◽  
Submerged Combustion

It is well known that high-level radioactive wastes (HLRAW) are usually vitrified inside electric furnaces. Disadvantages of electric furnaces are their low melting capacity and restrictions on charge preparation. Therefore, a new concept for a high efficiency combined aggregate – submerged combustion melter (SCM)–electric furnace was developed for vitrification of HLRAW. The main idea of this concept is to use the SCM as the primary high-capacity melting unit with direct melt drainage into an electric furnace. The SCM employs a single-stage method for vitrification of HLRAW. The method includes concentration (evaporation), calcination, and vitrification of HLRAW in a single-stage process inside a melting chamber of the SCM. Specific to the melting process is the use of a gas-air or gas-oxygen-air mixture with direct combustion inside a melt. Located inside the melt are high-temperature zones with increased reactivity of the gas phase, the existence of a developed interface surface, and intensive mixing, leading to intensification of the charge melting and vitrification process. The electric furnace clarifies molten glass, thus preparing the high-quality melt for subsequent melt pouring into containers for final storage.

scholarly journals Buck-Boost Single-Stage Microinverter for Building Integrated Photovoltaic Systems

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7854
Author(s):  
Derick Mathew ◽  
Mohamed Emad Farrag ◽  
Rani Chinnappa Naidu ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Muthu ◽  
A Sivaprakasam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Harmonic Distortion ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Passive Components ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaic ◽  
High Level

Microinverters for Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) systems must have had a small number of components, be efficient, and be reliable. In this context, a single-phase Buck-Boost Single-stage Microinverter (BBSM) for grid-connected BIPV systems is presented. The concept of topology is extracted from the buck-boost converter. The leakage current in the system is kept under control. It uses an optimal number of active and passive components to function at a high-efficiency level. The suggested topology provides a high level of reliability due to the absence of shoot-through problems. To validate the findings, a simulation in combination with an experimental system for a 70 W system is developed with the design approach. The efficiency of the microinverter, total harmonic distortion of the grid current are measured as 96.4% and 4.09% respectively. Finally, a comparison study has indicated the advantages and disadvantages of the suggested inverter.

scholarly journals The YadA Protein of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Mediates High-Efficiency Uptake into Human Cells under Environmental Conditions in Which Invasin Is Repressed

2002 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 4880-4891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Eitel ◽  
Petra Dersch
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Integrin Receptors ◽  
Uptake Process ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACT The YadA protein is a major adhesin of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis that promotes tight adhesion to mammalian cells by binding to extracellular matrix proteins. In this study, we first addressed the possibility of competitive interference of YadA and the major invasive factor invasin and found that expression of YadA in the presence of invasin affected neither the export nor the function of invasin in the outer membrane. Furthermore, expression of YadA promoted both bacterial adhesion and high-efficiency invasion entirely independently of invasin. Antibodies against fibronectin and β1 integrins blocked invasion, indicating that invasion occurs via extracellular-matrix-dependent bridging between YadA and the host cell β1 integrin receptors. Inhibitor studies also demonstrated that tyrosine and Ser/Thr kinases, as well as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, are involved in the uptake process. Further expression studies revealed that yadA is regulated in response to several environmental parameters, including temperature, ion and nutrient concentrations, and the bacterial growth phase. In complex medium, YadA production was generally repressed but could be induced by addition of Mg2+. Maximal expression of yadA was obtained in exponential-phase cells grown in minimal medium at 37°C, conditions under which the invasin gene is repressed. These results suggest that YadA of Y. pseudotuberculosis constitutes another independent high-level uptake pathway that might complement other cell entry mechanisms (e.g., invasin) at certain sites or stages during the infection process.

scholarly journals High-Capacity Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Images by Information Preprocessing

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Xi-Yan Li ◽  
Xia-Bing Zhou ◽  
Qing-Lei Zhou ◽  
Shi-Jing Han ◽  
Zheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Original Image ◽  
Chaos Encryption ◽  
Secret Information ◽  
Encrypted Image ◽  
Encrypted Images ◽  
Scanned Documents

With the development of cloud computing, high-capacity reversible data hiding in an encrypted image (RDHEI) has attracted increasing attention. The main idea of RDHEI is that an image owner encrypts a cover image, and then a data hider embeds secret information in the encrypted image. With the information hiding key, a receiver can extract the embedded data from the hidden image; with the encryption key, the receiver reconstructs the original image. In this paper, we can embed data in the form of random bits or scanned documents. The proposed method takes full advantage of the spatial correlation in the original images to vacate the room for embedding information before image encryption. By jointly using Sudoku and Arnold chaos encryption, the encrypted images retain the vacated room. Before the data hiding phase, the secret information is preprocessed by a halftone, quadtree, and S-BOX transformation. The experimental results prove that the proposed method not only realizes high-capacity reversible data hiding in encrypted images but also reconstructs the original image completely.

scholarly journals France’s State of the Art Distributed Optical Fibre Sensors Qualified for the Monitoring of the French Underground Repository for High Level and Intermediate Level Long Lived Radioactive Wastes

Sensors ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Delepine-Lesoille ◽  
Sylvain Girard ◽  
Marcel Landolt ◽  
Johan Bertrand ◽  
Isabelle Planes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibre ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Radioactive Wastes ◽  
Intermediate Level ◽  
Optical Fibre Sensors ◽  
High Level

Recent trends in carbon nanotubes based prostate cancer therapy: A biomedical hybrid for diagnosis and treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Murugesan ◽  
Sureshkumar Raman
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
High Level

: At present treatment methods for cancer are limited, partially due to the solubility, poor cellular distribution of drug molecules and, the incapability of drugs to annoy the cellular barriers. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) generally have excellent physio-chemical properties, which include high-level penetration into the cell membrane, high surface area and high capacity of drug loading by in circulating modification with bio-molecules, project them as an appropriate candidate to diagnose and deliver drugs to prostate cancer (PCa). Additionally, the chemically modified CNTs which have excellent 'Biosensing' properties therefore makes it easy for detecting PCa without fluorescent agent and thus targets the particular site of PCa and also, Drug delivery can accomplish a high efficacy, enhanced permeability with less toxic effects. While CNTs have been mainly engaged in cancer treatment, a few studies are focussed on the diagnosis and treatment of PCa. Here, we detailly reviewed the current progress of the CNTs based diagnosis and targeted drug delivery system for managing and curing PCa.

scholarly journals Achieving Atomic Dispersion of Highly Loaded Transition Metals in Small‐Pore Zeolite SSZ‐13: High‐Capacity and High‐Efficiency Low‐Temperature CO and Passive NO x Adsorbers

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (51) ◽  
pp. 16672-16677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Khivantsev ◽  
Nicholas R. Jaegers ◽  
Libor Kovarik ◽  
Jonathan C. Hanson ◽  
Franklin (Feng) Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Transition Metals ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Small Pore ◽  
Highly Loaded
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