Individualized Training Based on Force–Velocity Profiling During Jumping in Ballet Dancers

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 788-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan A. Escobar Álvarez ◽  
Juan P. Fuentes García ◽  
Filipe A. Da Conceição ◽  
Pedro Jiménez-Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Field Method ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maximal Velocity ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Ballet Dancers ◽  
Maximal Force ◽  
New Findings ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose: Ballet dancers are required to achieve performance feats such as exciting and dramatic elevations. Dancers with a greater jump height can perform a wider range of skills during their flight time and implement more specific technical skills related to the aesthetic components of a dance choreography. New findings suggest the relationship between force and velocity mechanical capabilities (F-V profile) as an important variable for jumping performance. A new field method based on several series of loaded vertical jumps provides information on the theoretical maximal force, theoretical maximal velocity, theoretical maximal power, and the imbalance between force and velocity (F-VIMB). The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of 9 wk of individualized F-V profile-based training during countermovement jumps (CMJs) in female ballet dancers. Methods: CMJ and mechanical outputs of 46 dancers (age = 18.9 [1.1] y, body mass = 54.8 [6.1] kg, height = 163.7 [8.4] cm) were estimated in a pre–post intervention. The control group (10 participants) continued with the standardized training regimen (no resistance training), whereas the experimental group (36 participants) performed 2 sessions over 9 wk of a training plan based on their F-V profile. Results: The experimental group presented significant differences with large effect sizes in CMJ height (29.3 [3.2] cm vs 33.5 [3.72] cm), theoretical maximal force (24.1 [2.2] N/kg vs 29.9 [2.8] N/kg), and theoretical maximal velocity (4 [0.6] m/s vs 3.2 [0.5] m/s). Significant differences with a very large effect size were found in F-VIMB (43.8% [15.3%] vs 24.9% [8.7%]). Conclusion: A training program addressing F-VIMB is an effective way to improve CMJ height in female ballet dancers.

scholarly journals Do Increases in Selected Fitness Parameters Affect the Aesthetic Aspects of Classical Ballet Performance?

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily A Twitchett ◽  
Manuela Angioi ◽  
Yiannis Koutedakis ◽  
Matthew Wyon
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Group ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Aesthetic Quality ◽  
Ballet Dancers ◽  
Classical Ballet ◽  
Fitness Training ◽  
The Aesthetic

Research has indicated that classical ballet dancers tend to have lower fitness levels and increased injury rates compared to other athletes with similar workloads. The aim of the current study was to examine the effects of a specifically tailored fitness training programme on the incidence of injury and the aesthetic quality of performance of classical ballet dancers compared to a control group. Proficiency in performance was evaluated at the beginning and end of the intervention period for both groups through a 4-min dance sequence using previously ratified marking criteria. The intervention group (n = 8) partook in a weekly 1-hr training session that included aerobic interval training, circuit training, and whole body vibration (WBV) All dancers’ performance proficiency scores increased from pre-intervention testing to post-intervention. The intervention group’s overall performance scores demonstrated a significantly greater increase (p = 0.03) than the equivalent for the control group. It was concluded that supplementary fitness training has a positive effect on aspects related to aesthetic dance performance as studied herein; further research is recommended on a larger and more varied sample. Practical applications from this study suggest that supplemental training should be part of a ballet dancer’s regime, and minimal intervention time is required to have observable effects.

scholarly journals Reducing Aggression by Developing Emotional and Inhibitory Control

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5263
Author(s):  
Miriam Romero-López ◽  
María Carmen Pichardo ◽  
Ana Justicia-Arráez ◽  
Judit Bembibre-Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Development ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Generalized Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Emotional Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Mixed Model Analysis ◽  
Intervention Measures ◽  
Experimental Group

The objective of this study is to measure the effectiveness of a program on improving inhibitory and emotional control among children. In addition, it is assessed whether the improvement of these skills has an effect on the reduction of aggressive behavior in pre-school children. The participants were 100 children, 50 belonging to the control group and 50 to the experimental group, aged between 5 and 6 years. Pre-intervention and post-intervention measures of inhibitory and emotional control (BRIEF-P) and aggression (BASC) were taken. A Generalized Linear Mixed Model analysis (GLMM) was performed and found that children in the experimental group scored higher on inhibitory and emotional control compared to their peers in the control group. In addition, these improvements have an effect on the decrease in aggressiveness. In conclusion, preventive research should have among its priorities the design of such program given their implications for psychosocial development.

scholarly journals The effects of lower-limb wearable resistance on sprint performance in high school American football athletes: A nine-week training study

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412110034
Author(s):  
Erin H Feser ◽  
Christian Korfist ◽  
Kyle Lindley ◽  
Neil E Bezodis ◽  
Kenneth Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
American Football ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maximal Velocity ◽  
Sprint Training ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Training Time ◽  
Sprint Running ◽  
Mass Load ◽  
Low Volume

Time constraints often result in the challenge to fit desired programming into training time allotments. Wearable resistance (WR) may be an option to optimise the training content in function of constrained training time. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a lower-limb WR sprint running training intervention on athlete speed capabilities following a nine-week off-season, low volume training period within a sample of American football high school athletes. Nineteen athletes completed pre- and post-intervention testing of two maximal effort 30 m sprints. Horizontal force-velocity mechanical profiling variables, sprint times, and maximal velocity were calculated from sprint running velocity data collected by a radar device. The athletes completed seventeen dedicated sprint training sessions during the off-season. The intervention (WR) group completed the sessions with 1% body mass load attached to the shanks (i.e. 0.50% body mass load on each limb). The control group completed the same training sessions unloaded. Post-intervention, no statistically significant between group differences were observed ( p > 0.05). However, athletes in both groups experienced increases in velocity measures following the sprint training. The greater adjusted mean theoretical maximal velocity scores ( p > 0.05; ES = 0.30) found for the WR group compared to the control group at post-intervention may suggest that WR amplifies the nuances of the training protocol itself. Coaches can consider using lower-limb WR training to increase in-session workloads during periods of low volume training but more research is needed to better understand to what extent WR training might provide an added value to optimise both the training content and planning, as well as the athlete’s training response in order to improve sprint running performance.

A model of entrepreneurship education in franchising – application of outside-in marketing with a behavioural focus

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-133
Author(s):  
Sara Quach ◽  
Scott Weaven ◽  
Park Thaichon ◽  
Debra Grace ◽  
Lorelle Frazer
Keyword(s):  
Planning Process ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Implementation Evaluation ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
On Line ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose Drawing on an outside-in marketing perspective, this paper aims to outline the development, implementation, evaluation and reflection of a real-world entrepreneurship education (EE) intervention with cognitive, affective and ultimately behavioural objectives. Design/methodology/approach A specific and uniform EE program specifically targeted to current “would be” entrepreneurs who were investigating the franchising business model was developed, focusing on the behavioural outcomes. The effectiveness of the EE intervention was evaluated using a quasi-experimental research design, which involved franchisees who had not participated in the EE intervention (control group) and franchisees who had participated in the EE intervention (experimental group). The administration of the national on-line survey yielded a total of 520 responses (194 in the experimental group and 326 in the control group). Findings The planning process in the pre-intervention stage included situation analysis, objective setting and decisions in relation to the communication strategy, i.e. content and mode. The effectiveness of the EE intervention was evaluated in the post-intervention stage. The findings indicate that EE intervention resulted in participants’ positive cognitive, affective and behavioural outcomes such as performance and relationship management. Finally, following a reflection process, additional elements covering topics related to work-life balance were incorporated into the module pertaining to an individual’s suitability to become a franchisee. Originality/value This paper proposes a conceptual framework that represents an outside-in EE approach whereby problems, audiences, objectives and communication strategies (content and method) are strategically intertwined to produce relevant, measurable and diagnostic behavioural outcomes. The EE intervention can also improve the B2B relationship between actors in a business network.

scholarly journals Analýza vztahu rytmické realizace a rytmické percepce v tanečním sportu

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Pavlína Vaculíková ◽  
Lenka Svobodová ◽  
Dagmar Šimberová ◽  
Kristýna Honková
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group

Dance sport, like other sports belongs to the aesthetic and coordinating sports; with high demands of nearly all motoric skills. They require mainly the ability to coordinate, which is often the limiting factor of performance in dance sport. Due to the fact that dance is synonymous with music and closely associated with the rhythmic capabilities, we will focus further on detailed characteristics of the two rhythmic abilities: rhythmic perception and rhythmic execution. The research sample consisted of 153 test subjects in the age range 17-34 years. The experimental group consists of 104 dancers (53 women and 51 men). The control group consisted of 49 high school students. To examine the level of rhythmic perception, we used a test called rhythmic discrimination. To examine the level of rhythmic execution, we used a test called rhythmic drumming. We proved that dance sport has a positive effect on the level of our selected rhythmic ability, the longer the subjects danced, the better the results achieved in tests. We were unable to prove a statistically significant relationship between rhythmic perception and implementation.

scholarly journals INTERVENSI RASA BERSYUKUR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HARGA DIRI REMAJA DI SMP X

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Novia Sri Parindu Purba ◽  
Riana Sahrani ◽  
Heni Mularsih
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Control Group ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Gratitude Intervention ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Experimental Group

Low self-esteem is also associated with poverty, it is necessary to have an effort to accept the conditions of life first. One of the simple characteristics of the acceptance effort is gratitude. Gratitude is a strong predictor to increase hope and happiness in adolescents who experience poverty. This research was designed as experimental group in X secondary school. The group was consisted of 6 respondents without a control group. The design of this study was a quasi-experimental (one group pretest-posttest) using the Rosenberg Self-esteem scale (RSSE) with a reliability coefficient of 0.88. The implementation of the gratitude intervention was designed using an intervention module from the aspect of the Indonesian grateful scale (SBI) and it was neither just a list of words of gratitude nor gratefulness. This gratitude intervention is done by inviting participants to focus on positive aspects of life, exploring positive emotions by recalculating the blessings of life that have been received from God and others. To sum up, these findings provide new findings in the use of gratitude intervention that focuses on the divine aspect. The results of this study indicate that there are significant differences in respondent's self-esteem before and after administration of the gratitude intervention, with self-esteem (RSSE) (Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.042, p <0.05). This discussion focuses on the implications generated for Gratitude literature which are adapted to Indonesian cultural values. Harga diri yang rendah juga terkait dengan kemiskinan, maka diperlukan adanya usaha penerimaan kondisi kehidupannya terlebih dahulu. Salah satu karakteristik sederhana sebagai upaya penerimaan tersebut yakni dengan rasa bersyukur. Rasa bersyukur merupakan prediktor yang kuat untuk meningkatkan harapan dan kebahagiaan pada remaja yang mengalami kondisi miskin sekalipun. Penelitian ini diberikan kepada satu kelompok eksperimen yang terdiri dari 6 responden tanpa adanya kelompok kontrol di salah satu sekolah menengah pertama (SMP) terbuka X di Jakarta Utara. Desain penelitian ini merupakan quasi eksperimen (one group pretest-posttest) dengan menggunakan Rosenberg Self-esteem scale (RSSE) dengan hasil koefisien reliabilitas sebesar 0.88. Pelaksanaan pelatihan rasa bersyukur ini dirancang dengan menggunakan modul intervensi dari aspek skala bersyukur Indonesia (SBI) dan bukan hanya sekedar daftar ucapan rasa bersyukur atau terimakasih. Pelatihan kebersyukuran ini dilakukan dengan mengajak partisipan untuk fokus terhadap aspek positif dalam hidup, mengeksplorasi emosi positif dengan menghitung kembali berkah kehidupan yang telah diterima dari Tuhan dan orang lain. Singkatnya, temuan ini memberikan temuan baru dalam penggunaan intervensi rasa bersyukur yang berfokus pada aspek keTuhanan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada harga diri responden sebelum dan sesudah pemberian pelatihan kebersyukuran, dengan nilai self-esteem (RSSE) (Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.042, p< 0.05 Diskusi ini berfokus pada implikasi yang dihasilkan untuk literature bersyukur yang disesuaikan dengan nilai-nilai budaya Indonesia.

scholarly journals Feasibility of a Mobile Phone App to Support Recovery From Addiction in China: Secondary Analysis of a Pilot Study (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Han ◽  
Jing Ying Zhang ◽  
Yih-Ing Hser ◽  
Di Liang ◽  
Xu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Health Messages ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Urine Test ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Urine Testing ◽  
Experimental Group

BACKGROUND Mobile health technologies have been found to improve the self-management of chronic diseases. However, there is limited research regarding their feasibility in supporting recovery from substance use disorders (SUDs) in China. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the feasibility of a mobile phone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) app by testing the concordance of drug use assessed by the EMA, urine testing, and a life experience timeline (LET) assessment. METHODS A total of 75 participants dependent on heroin or amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS) in Shanghai were recruited to participate in a 4-week pilot study. Of the participants, 50 (67% [50/75]) were randomly assigned to the experimental group and 25 (33% [25/75]) were assigned to the control group. The experimental group used mobile health (mHealth) based EMA technology to assess their daily drug use in natural environments and received 2 short health messages each day, whereas the control group only received 2 short health messages each day from the app. Urine tests and LET assessments were conducted each week and a post-intervention survey was administered to both groups. The correlations among the EMA, the LET assessment, and the urine test were investigated. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 41.6 (SD 8.0) years, and 71% (53/75) were male. During the 4 weeks of observation, 690 daily EMA survey data were recorded, with a response rate of 49.29% (690/1400). With respect to drug use, the percent of agreement between the EMA and the LET was 66.7%, 79.2%, 72.4%, and 85.8%, respectively, for each of the 4 weeks, whereas the percent of agreement between the EMA and the urine test was 51.2%, 65.1%, 61.9%, and 71.5%, respectively. The post-intervention survey indicated that 46% (32/70) of the participants preferred face-to-face interviews rather than the mHealth app. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated poor agreement between the EMA data and the LET and found that the acceptance of mHealth among individuals with SUDs in China was not positive. Hence, greater efforts are needed to improve the feasibility of mHealth in China.

scholarly journals The Effect of Mind Subtraction Meditation on Smartphone Addiction in School Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Gyeong Yoo ◽  
Min Jeong Lee ◽  
Boas Yu ◽  
Mi Ra Yun
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
School Based ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Experimental Group

BACKGROUND: Aim of current study was to examine the effects of school-based mind subtraction meditation program on smartphone addiction tendency and mental health of third grade students in a South Korean elementary school. MATERIALS &amp; METHODS: A quasi-experimental design with nonequivalent comparison groups was used. An experimental group (n = 24), who participated in the school-based meditation program, and a control group (n = 22), who did not participate in the program, were measured pre-test, post-test, and also three months after the completion of this study on smartphone addiction tendency and mental health. RESULTS: The study result showed a significant decrease in smartphone addiction tendency and also significant improvements in mental health variables of depression, anxiety, aggression, and impulsivity for the experimental group. These improvements were shown to continue even after the study completion when measured post-intervention at three months. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that the mind subtraction meditation program had positive effects on smartphone addiction tendency and mental health variables. It can be suggested from this study to recommend mind subtraction meditation as one of feasible strategies to prevent smartphone addiction and to improve mental health status in elementary school children. Further, this study meaningfully supports positive beneficial evidence of meditation program utilization in schools.

scholarly journals Reduced Perceived Trustworthiness during Face Mask Wearing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1474-1484
Author(s):  
Giulio Gabrieli ◽  
Gianluca Esposito
Keyword(s):  
Impression Formation ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aesthetic Appearance ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

To curb the diffusion of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), governments worldwide have introduced different policies, including lockdowns, social distancing, and mandatory mask wearing. Face mask wearing, especially, has an impact on the formation of first impressions, given that when meeting someone for the first time, individuals rely on the only available piece of information, the newly met person’s aesthetic appearance, in order to make initial estimations of other traits, such as competence, intelligence, or trustworthiness. However, face mask wearing affects the aesthetic appearance of an individual, creating uncertainty which, in turn, has been reported to reduce others’ perceived trustworthiness. In this paper, the influence of face mask wearing on strangers’ perceived trustworthiness and aesthetic appearance is assessed to verify the impact of this policy on impression formation. Participants (N = 71) have been instructed to assess the trustworthiness and the aesthetic appearance of a selection of 96 images depicting individuals of different ages (children, adults, and older adults), gender (men and women), and ethnicity (Asians or Caucasians). Participants were randomly divided into two groups: an experimental group and a control group. Participants in the experimental group (N = 38) rated faces of individuals wearing a face mask, while participants in the control group rated the same faces but in the absence of a face mask. Images were presented in random order. For each face, participants were asked to rate the aesthetic appearance and perceived trustworthiness of the stranger on two different 100-point Likert scales. Results demonstrate that (i) the correlation between perceived trustworthiness and aesthetic appearance is not affected by the presence of a face mask, and (ii) age, but not ethnicity and gender, influences the magnitude of differences in perceived trustworthiness levels during mask wearing.

scholarly journals Effects of the Brain Wave Modulation Technique Administered Online on Stress, Anxiety, Global Distress, and Affect During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Cozzolino ◽  
Giovanna Celia ◽  
Laura Girelli ◽  
Pierpaolo Limone
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Brain Wave ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Wave Modulation ◽  
Modulation Technique ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Global Distress

This study aims to evaluate the effects of an innovative mind-body practice named the brain wave modulation technique (BWM-T) on stress, anxiety, global distress, and affect. The technique was administered online through a web-based video conferencing platform. The intervention started on week four of the first quarantine in Italy (week commencing 30th March 2020), for a duration of 4 weeks and ended before lockdown measures were loosened. 310 people participated in the study, mean age 28.73 years old (SD = 9.16), 77.8% women. Of these, about half were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the other half served as controls. Participants completed online psychological tests before and after the intervention. 266 people (144 experimental, 122 controls) completed the post-intervention tests. Consistent with our hypothesis, the study’s findings indicate a reduction in the levels of stress, anxiety, global distress, and negative affect in the experimental group, compared to the control group. Moreover, the experimental group also showed higher levels of positive affect, compared to controls after the intervention. The present findings add to the current literature in suggesting that the BWM-T reduced stress not only when administered face-to face but also when administered online during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, we also noted that the BWM-T has an effect on anxiety, global distress, and affect, which we had not investigated in previous studies.

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