Antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates from 502 dogs with respiratory signs

2014 ◽  
Vol 176 (14) ◽  
pp. 357-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rheinwald ◽  
K. Hartmann ◽  
M. Hähner ◽  
G. Wolf ◽  
R. K. Straubinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Respiratory Pathogen ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Cultured Bacteria ◽  
Privately Owned

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of bacterial species isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples taken from dogs with respiratory signs and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility. Clinical cases were included in the study if they showed signs of respiratory disease and data relating to bacterial culture and susceptibility of BALF samples were available. The medical records of 493 privately owned dogs that were presented between January 1989 and December 2011 were evaluated retrospectively. In 35 per cent of samples, no bacteria were cultured. Bacteria isolated from culture-positive samples included Streptococcus species (31 per cent of positive cultures), Enterobacteriaceae (30 per cent, including Escherichia coli (15 per cent)), Staphylococcus species (19 per cent), Pasteurella species (16 per cent) and Pseudomonas species (14 per cent). Bordetella bronchiseptica as a primary respiratory pathogen was isolated in 8 per cent of cases. Enrofloxacin showed the best susceptibility pattern; 86 per cent of all isolates and 87 per cent of Gram-negative bacteria were susceptible to this antibiotic. Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid yielded the best susceptibility pattern in Gram-positive bacteria (92 per cent). Therefore, these antibiotics can be recommended for empirical or first-line treatment in dogs with bacterial lower respiratory tract infections.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Staphylococcus Species from Clinical Samples

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ali
Keyword(s):  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Vaginal Swab ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Mannitol Salt Agar ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

The research was aimed to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Staphylococcus species from clinical samples obtained from some hospitals in Kano metropolis, Nigeria. The ear swab, high vaginal swab (HVS), wound swab and urine samples from the patients attending the hospitals were collected and inoculated onto the surface of freshly prepared Nutrient agar for bacterial isolation. The bacteria isolated were identified by conventional microbiological methods namely; Gram staining, biochemical test (such as catalase, coagulase, and DNase test), mannitol salt agar and heamolysis test. The isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing using the agar disc diffusion method. The result showed that S. aureus was highly susceptible to Ciprofloxacin 105 (68.63%), Gentamicin 102 (66.67%), Levofloxacin 95 (62.08%) and Amikacin 90 (58.82%), S. epidermidis was highly susceptible to Gentamicin 13 (61.90%), Levofloxacin 12 (57.14%) and Nitrofurantoin 11 (52.38%) while S. saprophyticus was highly susceptible to Cefoxitin 7 (77.78%), Gentamicin 6 (66.67%) and Nitrofurantoin 5 (55.56%). On the other hand, S. aureus was highly resistant to Cefuroxime 153 (100%), Ceftazidime 150 (98.04%), Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 120 (78.43%) and Cloxacillin 111 (72.55%), S. epidermidis was highly resistant to Ceftazidime 20 (95.24%), Cloxacillin 19 (90.48%) then Cefoxitin, Erythromycin and Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid with 15 (71.43%) both. S. saprophyticus was highly resistant to Cefepime 9 (100%), Cloxacillin 8 (88.89%), Ceftazidime 7 (77.78%), Imipenem and Erythromycin with 6 (66.67%) respectively. There is a statistical difference in the sensitivity of the isolates against the antibiotics used at p<0.05. It is concluded that Staphylococcus species develop resistance to some classes of antibiotics.

scholarly journals Results from the Survey of Antibiotic Resistance (SOAR) 2015–17 in Turkey: data based on CLSI, EUCAST (dose-specific) and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) breakpoints

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i88-i99
Author(s):  
D Torumkuney ◽  
A Tunger ◽  
B Sancak ◽  
A Bıçakçıgil ◽  
B Altun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
First Time ◽  
Higher Doses

Abstract Objectives To determine antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae isolates from community-acquired respiratory tract infections (CA-RTIs) collected in 2015–17 from Turkey. Methods MICs were determined by CLSI broth microdilution and susceptibility was assessed using CLSI, EUCAST (dose-specific) and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) breakpoints. Results A total of 179 S. pneumoniae and 239 H. influenzae isolates were collected. Few (27.9%) pneumococci were penicillin susceptible by CLSI oral or EUCAST low-dose breakpoints, but by EUCAST high-dose or CLSI IV breakpoints 84.4% were susceptible. The most active antibiotics (excluding penicillin IV) by CLSI breakpoints were fluoroquinolones (98.9% of isolates susceptible), ceftriaxone (83.2%), amoxicillin (78.8%) and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (78.8%). Pneumococcal susceptibility to amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid was lower using EUCAST low-dose breakpoints (49.7%), although susceptibility increased when using EUCAST high-dose (57.0%–58.1%) and PK/PD (78.8%–87.7%) breakpoints. Twenty-three H. influenzae isolates were β-lactamase positive, with 11 characterized as β-lactamase negative and ampicillin resistant following EUCAST criteria and 5 by CLSI criteria. Generally antibiotic susceptibility was high using CLSI breakpoints: ≥92.9% for all antibiotics except ampicillin (87% by CLSI and EUCAST breakpoints) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (67.4% and 72% by CLSI and EUCAST breakpoints, respectively). Susceptibility using EUCAST breakpoints (where these are published) was similar, except for cefuroxime (oral) with 3.8% of isolates susceptible. PK/PD breakpoints indicated low susceptibility to macrolides (5.9%–10%) and cefaclor (13%). The application of different EUCAST breakpoints for low and higher doses for some of the antibiotics (amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin, penicillin, ceftriaxone, clarithromycin, erythromycin, levofloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole) allowed, for the first time in a SOAR study, the effect of raising the dosage on susceptibility to be quantified. Conclusions Antibiotic susceptibility of S. pneumoniae was generally low, which is in keeping with evidence of inappropriate and high antibiotic use in Turkey. H. influenzae susceptibility was high. These data are important for empirical therapy of CA-RTIs.

scholarly journals Antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial strains isolated from urinary tract infections inPakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Sarmad Zahoor ◽  
Naveed Shehzad Ahmad ◽  
Sadia Asif ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Sajid Jehangir ◽  
Asad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Genomic Research ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary track infection (UTI) is a common infection in Pakistan. Poor knowledge about personal hygiene and lack of awareness are major reasons of this infection. All over the world and in Pakistan E. coli and K. pneumonia are main causative agents of UTI.Objectives:To analyze Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial strains isolated from urinary tract infections.Methods: In present study total 227 samples from Genomic Research Lab and Diagnostic Center Rawalpindi, Pakistan were tested for presence of different microbial infectious agents and their antibiotic resistance and susceptibility pattern. Biochemical test such as Gram staining, Lactose fermentation test, Motility test, Catalase test and Colony formation on MacConkey agar, Indole test, and Citrate utilization test were applied. The antibiotic susceptibility and resistance pattern was evaluated by using fourteen different antibiotics on MullarHigton agar. Top ten antibiotics were selected at a cut off value of 100 samples for E. coli and 20 samples for Klebsiella.Results: Against E. coli and K. species the most susceptible antibiotic was Imipenam with 97.5% and Amikacin with 94.9% susceptibility respectively. Moreover, against E. coli and K. species the most resistance antibiotic was Ciprofloxacin 81.7% and Tobramycin with 76.1% resistance respectively. The comparison of present study with pervious studies had shown an increase in resistance against various antibiotics.Conclusion: It is concluded from the present study that antibiotic resistance is on raise in Pakistan and the effect of each antibiotic was different with respect to type of infectious agent so it is recommended that the doctor should determine the dominant type of infectious agent and its susceptibility response before prescription of any antibiotic.   

scholarly journals Identification of pathogen bacteria from camel (Camelus dromedarius) mastitis and investigation of antibiotic susceptibility

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sükrü Kirkan ◽  
U ̆gur Parin ◽  
Halil Çapakçioglu
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Aerococcus Viridans ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

The scope of this study was to investigate the presence of pathogenic bacteria in milk from female camels with mastitis and to select antibiotics for treatment with antibiotic susceptibility testing. A total of 40 milk samples taken from 20 dromedarian females, after application of CMT test and determination of SCC values, the camels were diagnosed with subclinical mastitis. Milk samples were inoculated into blood agar for identification of bacterial agents leading to mastitis. A total of 4 (12.5%) Staphylococcus aureus, 4 (12.5%) S. auricularis, 2 (6.25%) S. pettenkoperi, 2 (6.25%) S. cohnii spp. cohnii, 2 (6.25%) S. equorum, 2 (6.25%) S. capitis, 2 (6.25%) Streptococcus agalactiae, 2 (6.25%) S. dysgalactiae, 4 (12.5%) Escherichia coli, 2 (%) 6.25) Pseudomonas pseudalcaligenes, 2 (6.25%) Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, 2 (6.25%) Aerococcus viridans and 2 (6.25%) Gemella morbillorum were identified. Gram-positive bacteria were sensitive to Levofloxacin, Linezolid and Tetracycline and Daptomycin, resistant to Beta lactam-group antibiotics and macrolides. Vancomycin resistance was determined in S. aureus and S. cohnii spp. cohnii strains. Gram-negative strains are found generally susceptible to Cefepime and Pipersilin; resistant to Trimethoprim-sulfomethoxazole and Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid. As a result, it is recommended to use antibiotic use to prevent the development of antimicrobial resistance as well as mastitis control methods such as the prevention of infection and monitoring the health status of the mammary of camels.

scholarly journals Comparison of respiratory pathogen colonization and antimicrobial susceptibility in people with cystic fibrosis versus non cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salony Verma ◽  
Joseph L Mathew ◽  
Pallab Ray
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Respiratory Pathogen ◽  
Forest Plot ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern

Abstract Background Both cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis are characterized by permanent bronchial dilation, leading to impaired mucociliary clearance and development of chronic infections. Although the core airway microbiota in both CF and non-CF bronchiectasis may be similar, particular satellite microbes are associated with specific conditions. Moreover, there are several factors, which may be responsible for the disparity in antibiotic susceptibility profile between the CF and non-CF populations. Hence comparing the microbiota and antibiotic susceptibility pattern in CF bronchiectasis with non-CF bronchiectasis would aid in improved management of both the conditions. Methods Two authors will independently search the electronic databases PubMed and EMBASE for studies reporting bacterial colonization of the respiratory tract determined by examination of any respiratory tract specimen, by conventional bacterial culture or specialized techniques; and/or antimicrobial susceptibility testing in adults and children diagnosed with bronchiectasis in either CF subjects or non-CF subjects. The authors will independently assess the risk of bias for each included study using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS). We will present the data with descriptive statistics and provide pooled estimates of outcome parameters, wherever it is feasible to perform meta-analysis using a random effects model. Heterogeneity in studies will be explored by visual inspection of forest plot as well as using the Higgins and Thompson I2 method. We will contact the corresponding authors of studies where data is/are missing and try to obtain the missing data. Discussion To date, there are no locally applicable evidence-based guidelines for antimicrobial treatment of non-CF bronchiectasis patients. In general, treatment in non-CF bronchiectasis is based on extrapolation of clinical trials done in subjects with CF bronchiectasis. An insight into the microbiota and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns against specific organisms in both the conditions would facilitate appropriate rather than empiric therapy, and hopefully reduce the burden of antimicrobial resistance created by rampant usage of antibiotics. Therefore, this systematic review is being undertaken to compare the respiratory tract colonization and antibacterial susceptibility pattern in people with cystic fibrosis versus non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Systematic review registration: The protocol was submitted for publication in PROSPERO on June 26, 2020 (PROSPERO ID: 193859).

scholarly journals Study of Bacterial pathogens in Urinary Tract Infection and their antibiotic resistance profile in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Sanjida Khondakar Setu ◽  
Abu Naser Ibne Sattar ◽  
Ahmed Abu Saleh ◽  
Chandan Kumar Roy ◽  
Mushtaque Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Tract Infections

Analyzing antibiotic susceptibility pattern of uropathogens help to overcome the therapeutic difficulties created by the rising antimicrobial resistant bacteria and guides in choosing appropriate antibiotics. Hence, we aimed at evaluating the pathogens causing UTI and study their antibiogram. Midstream urine samples were collected, cultured and appropriate biochemical tests were performed for proper identification of urinary pathogens in BSMMU from January 2013 to December 2013. The most common isolated Gram negative uropathogens were Escherichia coli (63.93%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.09%), other bacterial species, named Pseudomonas spp. Enterobacter Acinetobacter spp. Citrobacter spp Proteus spp. Morganella. Among Gram positive organism S. aureus S. saprophyticus S. agalectiae and Enterococci were found. Urinary tract infections were more prevalent in women than men (61.68% vs. 38.32%). High level of sensitivity was found to imipenem, amikacin, nitrofurantoin, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, cefuroxime in most of the isolates. Almost all the test organisms exhibited multiple antibiotic resistances. The high multiple antibiotics resistance identified makes it necessary for antibiotic susceptibility testing to be conducted prior to antibiotic(s) prescription.Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2016; 10 (01): 22-26

scholarly journals Avaliação do Perfil de Sensibilidade aos Antibióticos na Infeção Urinária da Comunidade

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Passadouro ◽  
Raquel Fonseca ◽  
Felícia Figueiredo ◽  
Andreia Lopes ◽  
Cristina Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Tract Infections

<strong>Introduction:</strong> The urinary tract infections, after respiratory infections, are the most common in the community. The knowledge about the prevalence of microbial strains and their antibiotic susceptibility is crucial to establish an effective empirical therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacterial strains isolated from positive urine cultures performed in patients from the central region of Portugal.<br /><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> We carried out a documental analysis of 6008 urine bacteriological exams, to be made available to physicians, most of which run through the automated system VITEK 2, bioMérieux. The majority (80%) of the urine bacteriological exams were from female. Escherichia coli was the most prevalent bacterial pathogen (65.9%), followed by Klebsiella spp (12%).<br /><strong>Results:</strong> Nitrofurantoin showed high levels of activity (96%) for Escherichia coli, as well as Fosfomycin (96.6%). Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid presents an activity level of only 81.1% for the same germ. Quinolones exhibit efficacy to only 78% of the strains of Escherichia coli, below the Fosfomycin and Nitrofurantoin. Nitrofurantoin showed high levels of activity (96%) for E. coli as well as Fosfomycin (96.6%). Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid presents a level of activity of only 81.1% for the same germ. The quinolones have a efficacy for only 78% of strains of E. coli, lower than Fosfomycin.<br /><strong>Discussion:</strong> Escherichia Coli was the most prevalent uropathogen (65.9%). High efficacy against this pathogenic agent was found for Fosfomycin (96.6%) and Nitrofurantoin (96%).<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Further antimicrobial surveillance studies should be developed, in order to formulate local empirical therapy<br />recommendations for optimized therapeutical choices.<br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> Urinary Tract Infections; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Community-Acquired Infections.<br />

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document