Diversity and relationships of Miscanthus sinensis from 20 geographical distributions in China based on SSR markers

Miscanthus is a C4 herbaceous perennial species and it was chosen as a bioenergy crop due to high biomass yield. Miscanthus sinensis has many phenotypes which are adaptated to various environments in China. In this study, 421 accessions of M. sinensis were collected from 22 provinces, and the genetic polymorphisms amongst these germplasm collections were identified using 20 primer pairs designed against 10 each from eSSR and gSSR transferable markers from barley. A total of 95 SSR loci were detected producing a 100% polymorphic rate among these M. sinensis accessions. The gSSR markers showed a richer genetic polymorphism than eSSR markers. Based on the UPGMA clustering, there was a distinct sub-population separation in M. sinensis, which indicates that geographical differences and natural selection are the driving forces for genetic variation and evolution in the species. The 20 pairs of barley markers matched to 26 loci associated with date of heading, plant height, leaf weight, stem weight, leaf/stem ratio, and total biomass yield. Eleven marker loci were associated with the date of heading, 4 with plant height, 10 with leaf weight, 7 with stem weight, 3 with leaf/stem ratio, and 10 with biomass yield.

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Effect of different soil types on growth and production of Napier-4 at the Regional Station of BLRI

Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research ◽

10.3329/ajmbr.v3i2.33566 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 182-185 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mohammed Sirajul Islam ◽

Nathu Ram Sarker ◽

MA Habib ◽

Md Yousuf Ali ◽

Tahera Yeasmin

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Sandy Soil ◽

Biomass Yield ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Production Performance ◽

Stem Length ◽

Soil Types ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Fodder Production ◽

Normal Soil

A comparative agronomical trial was conducted to know the effect of two different soil types on growth and production performance of BLRI Napier-4 fodder production at BLRI regional station, Baghabari, Shahzadpur, Sirajganj. Soil components are the determinant factors for growing any crops or fodders. Soil samples from sandy soil and normal soil (loamy) were analazed for soil pH, nitrogen, organic matter, salinity, Ca, K, S, Zn, Pb, Co, Mg, Fe etc. at the Central Laboratory of Soil Resource Development Institute (SRDI), Dhaka. Data were recorded on plant height, stem length, leaf length, number of leaf per stem, number of till per hill, yield per hill and total biomass yield per plot. Plant height, stem length and leaf length produced in normal soil were significantly higher (p<0.001) than those produced in sandy soil. Irrespective of soil type, the plant height, stem length, leaf length, yield per hill and biomass yield per plot produced in second harvest were significantly higher (p<0.001) than those produced in first harvest. But, number of leaf per stem and number of till per hill did not differ significantly (p>0.05) between two cuttings. It can be concluded from the present findings that BLRI Napier-4 cultivar may be produced in the sandy soil.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2017, 3(2): 182-185

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Comparison of the growth and biomass production of Miscanthus sinensis, Miscanthus floridulus and Saccharum arundinaceum

Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.5424/sjar/2015133-7262 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. e0703 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Xuping Feng ◽

Yongqing He ◽

Jia Fang ◽

Zongxiang Fang ◽

Bo Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flowering Time ◽

Plant Height ◽

Biomass Yield ◽

Miscanthus Sinensis ◽

Bioenergy Feedstock ◽

Phenotypic Differences ◽

Resource Collection ◽

Bioenergy Feedstock Production ◽

Agronomical Traits ◽

Selection Of

Miscanthus and Saccharum are considered excellent candidates for bioenergy feedstock production. A field experiment was conducted in Zhejiang province of China to characterize the phenotypic differences in three species, two of Miscanthus (M. sinensis and M. floridulus) and one of Saccharum (S. arundinaceum), each with two accessions collected from China. Agronomical traits, including plant height, culm number, tuft diameter and culm diameter, were monitored monthly for the first 3 years of growth. For each year of trail, flowering time was observed and biomass yield was harvested. M. floridulus produced a superior biomass yield with increasing plant age associated with higher yields (4.18, 24.16 and 29.01 t dry matter/hain November of years one to three, respectively). Higher culm diameter, plant height and tuft diameter values were observed for M. floridulus when compared to the other species. Biomass yield was positively correlated to tuft diameter, culm diameter, culm number and negatively to flowering time, but it showed no correlation with plant height. Tuft diameter and culm diameter could be suitable indicators in the selection of accessions for crop yield at the yield-building phase. Studies of the primary colonizers of Miscanthus and Saccharum in their original location may be of interest from the perspective of bioenergy germplasm resource collection.

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Path analysis of the productive traits in Sorghum species

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr1102253i ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 253-262

Author(s):

Jela Ikanovic ◽

Djordje Glamoclija ◽

Radojka Maletic ◽

Vera Popovic ◽

Dejan Sokolovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Indirect Effect ◽

Biomass Yield ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Phenotypic Correlation ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Forage Sorghum ◽

Sudan Grass ◽

Leaf Weight ◽

Productive Traits ◽

Interspecies Hybrid

This research studied the phenotypic correlation coefficients between three Sorghum species, namely forage sorghum S. bicolor Moench. (c. NS-Dzin), Sudan grass S. sudanense L. (c. Zora) and interspecies hybrid S. bicolor x S. sudanense (c. Siloking). The analyses were performed on plant material samples taken from the first cutting, when plants were in the beginning phase of tasseling. The following morphologic traits were studied: plant height, number of leaves per plant, stem leaf weight and mean stem weight. Additionally, their direct and indirect effect on dependent variable green biomass yield was analyzed, for which path coefficients were calculated. This method enables more quality and full insight into relations existing among the studied traits, more precise establishment of cause-effect connections among them, as well as to separate direct from indirect effects of any particular trait on dependent variable, being biomass yield in this case. The analysis of phenotypic coefficients revealed differences in direct and indirect effect of certain traits on dependent variable. Sudan grass had the highest stem (2.281 m) and most leaves per plant (7.917). Forage sorghum had the largest leaf weight per plant (49.05 g), while interspecies hybrid had the highest mean stem weight (80.798 g). Variations of these morphologic traits among species were found to be significant and very significant. Morphologic traits - stem height and weight significantly affected sorghum green biomass yield. Leaf number and leaf portion in total biomass were negatively correlated with yield. Cultivars differed significantly regarding morphologic and productive traits. Sudan grass had the lowest green biomass yield, while forage sorghum and interspecies hybrid had significant yield increase.

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Effect of Nitrogen Biofertilizers on Yield and Yield Components of Different Maize (Zea mays L.) Cultivars

International Journal of Life Sciences ◽

10.3126/ijls.v9i5.12711 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 117-121

Author(s):

Amin Farnia ◽

Vahid Kazemi Ashjardi

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Plant Height ◽

Yield Components ◽

Biomass Yield ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Block Design ◽

Fertilizer Treatment ◽

Maximum Production ◽

Leaf Weight ◽

Yield And Yield Components

In order to evaluate the effect of nitrogen bio-fertilizers on yield and yield and yield components of different maize (zea mays L.) cultivars a field experiment was conducted in Islamic Azad University of Boroujerd, Iran (at Isfahan region), during the growing seasons 2013- 2014. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design based on randomized block design with three replications. Treatments were different cultivars (Siloking, NS4015, Maxima and SC704) in main plots and nitrogen bio-fertilizers (Azotobacter, Nitroxin and Supernitroplus) with control in sub plots. The results reviled that the effect of cultivar treatmenton all traits was significant. Effect of N bio-fertilizer treatment was significant on stem weight, leaf weight, ear weight and biomass yield only. Interaction effect of them was significant on all traits excepting number of leaf per plant and ear weight. Application of nitrogen biofertilizers increased yield components of different cultivars of maize specially, for Siloking cultivar and Supernitroplus bio-fertilizer. Siloking cultivar with application of Supernitroplus biofertilizer had the highest plant height and leaf weight and Maxima cultivar with application of Nitroxin biofertilizer had the lowest plant height and leaf weight. However, NS4015 cultivars with non-application of any of N biofertilizer had the highest stem weight. Siloking cultivar had the highest number of leaf per plant and NS4015 cultivar had the lowest number of leaf per plant. Siloking cultivar had the highest all of the traits excepting stem weight. So, this cultivar was more useful than other cultivars for achieve to maximum production of foliage in Isfahan province. However Siloking cultivar with application of Supernitroplus nitrogen biofertilizer treatment had the highest biomass yield as foliage yield and we propose this treatment for maximum production of maize in Isfahan environmental condition.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i5.12711

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Effects non-digested and anaerobically digested farmyard manures on wheat crop cultivated in desert soil

Journal of Aridland Agriculture ◽

10.19071/jaa.2017.v3.3127 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jamal Abdallah Ahmed Abubaker ◽

Nazar Elnesairy ◽

Sanussi Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Crop Production ◽

Biomass Yield ◽

Control Plant ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Desert Soil ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Deficiency Symptoms ◽

And Control

Digesting animal manure anaerobically before applying it as fertilizer may be affected crop production differently compared to non-digested particularly in desert soils. A pot experiment was carried out to evaluate three non-digested (NDM) and digested (DM) farmyard manures (cattle, poultry, and sheep) and their combinations with urea on the wheat crop cultivated in desert soil. Fertilizers were applied at rates corresponding to 50, 150 and 250 kg Tot N ha-1. During the growing period, seed germination percentage (SGP), plant height, plant tillering percentage (PTP) and deficiency symptoms were assessed. Furthermore, total biomass yield and relative yields of ear, straw and root fractions were measured at harvest. Results showed that high application of DM reduced SGP significantly (p<0.05), especially at the combination with urea. PTP was higher in non-digested manure treatments of sheep and poultry than DM, and also higher in digested cattle manure treatments than NDM, while it was zero in all urea treatments and control. Deficiency symptoms were seen in the treatments of low application rate as well as in all urea treatments and control. Plant height and biomass yield generally increased in NDM and DM treatments compared with urea treatments and the control. Beneficial of DM was seen in cattle and poultry manure treatments where they significantly (p<0.05) yielded higher root, ears, and total biomass compared to NDM. However, non-digested sheep and poultry manure yielded higher straw biomass than DM. The combination of non-digested and digested manure with urea gave the maximum biomass yield, especially in combination with digested poultry manure.

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Effect of Spraying with Seaweed Extract on Growth and Yield of Two Varieties of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.37077/25200860.2019.145 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 124-134

Author(s):

Ali R. K. Al-Hasany ◽

Mohammed A.R. Aljaberi ◽

Sundus K.J. Alhilfi

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Biomass Yield ◽

Chlorophyll Concentration ◽

Spike Length ◽

Seaweed Extract ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Leaf Chlorophyll ◽

Leaf Chlorophyll Concentration

A field experiment was conducted in agricultural field in Al-Rumaitha, district 25 km north of Al-Muthanna city, during the agricultural season 2017/2018. The aim was to study the effect of spray of seaweed extract at 0, 1 and 2 g.l-1 on growth and yield of two varieties of wheat (Bhooth 22 and Eebaa 99). The experiment was applied according to split plot design with three replicates. The results showed that the increasing of the concentration of seaweed extract up to 2 g L-1 in spray solution led to increase some growth properties (plant height, leaf chlorophyll concentration, flag leaf area and spike length). In addition seaweed extract up to 2 g.l-1 lead to increase the number of spikes/m2, grain yield, and biological yield gave 31.85%, 39.05% and 39.79% respectively compared to the control treatment, while the concentration of seaweed extract up to 1 g.l-1 lead to increased 1 the number of grains per spike. The results revealed a difference in between the varieties in almost growth and reproductive traits. Bhooth 22 has the highest plant height, leaf chlorophyll concentration, spike length, and number of spikes/ m2, grain yield (5979 kg ha-1) and total biomass yield was and the highest biomass (13571 kg ha-1). The interaction between spraying of seaweed extract and varieties explained a significant effect on leaf chlorophyll concertation and biomass yield.

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Optimizing hydroponic culture media and NO3−/NH4+ ratio for improving essential oil compositions of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.)

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-87391-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Ahmadi ◽

Abbas Samadi ◽

Ebrahim Sepehr ◽

Amir Rahimi ◽

Sergey Shabala

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Height ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Echinacea Purpurea ◽

Peat Moss ◽

Root Weight ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Growing Media

AbstractMedicinal plants represent a valuable commodity due to beneficial effects of their natural products on human health, prompting a need for finding a way to optimize/increase their production. In this study, a novel growing media with various perlite particle size and its mixture with peat moss was tested for hydroponic-based production of Echinacea purpurea medicinal plant under greenhouse conditions. The plant growth parameters such as plant height, total fresh leave weight, fresh root weight, total biomass, total chlorophyll, leaf area, and essential oil compositions were assessed. Perlite particle size in the growing media was varied from very coarse (more than 2 mm) to very fine (less than 0.5 mm), and the ratio between perlite and peat moss varied from 50:50 v/v to 30:70 v/v. In addition, two nitrate (NO3−) to ammonium (NH4+) ratios (90:10 and 70:30) were tested for each growing media. The medium containing very fine-grade perlite and 50:50 v/v perlite to peat moss ratio was found to be most optimal and beneficial for E. purpurea performance, resulting in maximal plant height, fresh and dry weight, leaf surface area, and chlorophyll content. It was also found that an increase in NO3−/NH4+ ratio caused a significant increase in plant growth parameters and increase the plant essential oil content. The major terpene hydrocarbons found in extract of E. purpurea with the best growth parameters were germacrene D (51%), myrcene (15%), α-pinene (12%), β-caryophyllene (11%), and 1-Pentadecene (4.4%), respectively. The percentages of these terpene hydrocarbons were increased by increasing of NO3−/NH4+ ratio. It can be concluded that decreasing the perlite particle size and increasing the NO3−/NH4+ ratio increased the plant growth parameters and essential oil compositions in E. purpurea.

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Comparison on biomass production of three fodder germplasms

Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.3329/bjas.v42i1.15772 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 35-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

AR Kanak ◽

MJ Khan ◽

MR Debi ◽

ZH Khandakar ◽

MK Pikar

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Plant Height ◽

Biomass Production ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Biomass Yield ◽

Fresh Biomass ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Dry Biomass ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Brachiaria Mutica

The experiment was conducted to study the comparison on biomass production of fodder germplasm. Para (Brachiaria mutica Stapf.), German (Echinochloa crusgalli L.) and Dhal (Hymenachne pseudointerrupta C. Muell) grasses were cultivated in a completely randomized design (CRD). The whole area was divided into nine plots. The area of each unit plot was 6 m x 6 m. Number of cuttings were 16,000 /hectare where Plant to Plant distance was 16 cm and row and raw distance was 16 cm. Equal amount of organic and chemical fertilizer were applied in all cutting. The fodders were first harvested after 60 days of planting, second and third after successive 60 days of re-growth. The findings of the study showed that fresh biomass (p<0.01) and dry biomass yield (p<0.05) of three fodder germplasm differed significantly. Crude protein and organic matter yield were significant (p<0.01) only in the second cutting. German grass was showed significantly higher in CP and OM yield (p<0.01) at second cutting than other grasses. However, no significant effect on plant height was observed among three grasses. From the above findings it may be concluded that among the three fodder germplasm, German fodder showed best result in respect of biomass production. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v42i1.15772 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2013. 42 (1): 35-39

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Performance of Ornamental Plants in Alternative Organic Growing Media Amended with Increasing Rates of Expanded Shale

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.20.3.594 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 594-602 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

John J. Sloan ◽

Raul I. Cabrera ◽

Peter A.Y. Ampim ◽

Steve A. George ◽

Wayne A. Mackay

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Tissue ◽

Biomass Yield ◽

Organic Materials ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Light Weight ◽

Growing Media ◽

Micronutrient Uptake ◽

Expanded Shale

Organic and inorganic amendments are often used to improve chemical and physical properties of soils. The objective of this study was to determine how the inclusion of light-weight expanded shale in various organic matter blends would affect plant performance. Four basic blends of organic growing media were prepared using traditional or alternative organic materials: 1) 75% pine bark (PB) + 25% sphagnum peatmoss (PM), 2) 50% PB + 50% wastewater biosolids (BS), 3) 100% municipal yard waste compost (compost), and 4) 65% PB + 35% cottonseed hulls (CH). Light-weight expanded shale was then blended with each of these mixtures at rates of 0%, 15%, 30%, and 60% (v/v). Vinca (Catharanthus roseus), verbena (Verbena hybrida), and shantung maple (Acer truncatum) were planted into the growing media after they were transferred into greenhouse pots. Vinca growth was monitored for 3 months before harvesting aboveground plant tissue to determine total biomass yield and elemental composition. Verbena growth was monitored for 6 months, during which time aboveground plant tissue was harvested twice to determine total biomass yield. Additionally, aboveground vinca plant tissue was analyzed for nutrients and heavy metal concentrations. In the absence of expanded shale, verbena and shantung maple trees produced more aboveground biomass in the 50-PB/50-BS blends, whereas vinca grew more biomass in the pure compost blends. Inclusion of expanded shale in the various organic matter blends generally had a negative effect on plant growth, with the exception of shantung maple growth in the 65-PB/35-CH blend. Reduced plant growth was probably due to a lower concentration of nutrients in the growing media. Macro- and micronutrient uptake was generally reduced by addition of expanded shale to the organic growing media. Results suggest that organic materials that have been stabilized through prior decomposition, such as compost or PM, are safe and reliable growing media, but expanded shale offers few benefits to a container growing medium except in cases where additional porosity is needed.

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Adaçayı ve Dağ Çayında Tuz Stresi Üzerine Selenyum Uygulamalarının Etkileri

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v7isp2.29-35.3098 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (sp2) ◽

pp. 29

Author(s):

Mahmut Çamlıca ◽

Gülsüm Yaldız ◽

Ferit Özen ◽

Abdurrahman Başol ◽

Halit Aşkın

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Root Length ◽

Root Weight ◽

Fresh Leaf ◽

Leaf Weight ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Shoot Weight ◽

Different Doses ◽

Number Of Branches ◽

Fresh Root

Sage and mountain sage belong to Lamiaceae family which have commercial importance from medicinal and aromatic plants in Turkey. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different doses of selenium in salinity conditions on the morphological characteristics of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) and mountain tea (Sideritis sp.). Four different doses of selenium (5, 10, 20, 40 mg/l) were applied in without salinity (0) and salinity (250 mM NaCl/l) medium. The experiment was carried out in the split plot design with three replications in the climate chamber room of the department of field crops. When the examined properties were evaluated; plant height changed between 15.56-23.85 cm, number of branches 10.50-12.78 number/plant, number of leaves 52.78-92.00 number/plant, fresh leaf weight 2.48-7.51 g/plant, dry leaf weight 0.48-3.32 g/plant, fresh root weight 1.52-7.16 g/plant, dry root weight 0.19-1.24 g/plant, root length 26.18-36.07 cm, fresh shoot weight of 1.13-7.15 g/plant and dry shoot weight 0.13-0.38 g/plant. In mountain tea, the properties were determined for plant height as 3.26-5.93 cm, for number of branches as 2.50-6.33 number/plant, for number of leaves as 28.22-91.14 number/plant, for fresh and dry leaf weights as 2.42-11,03 and 0.45-1.91 g/plant, for fresh and dry root weights as 0.71-3.97 and 0.18-0.74 g/plant, for root length as 14.78-33.26 cm, for fresh and dry shoot weights as 0.29-2.28 and 0.12-0.41 g/plant were determined. As a result of this study, 5 mg/l selenium application in salinity conditions in both plants has reached high values in terms of fresh leaf weights. In addition to this, it was found that selenium applications in salinity conditions had positive effects on dry leaf weight in sage and fresh root and fresh shoot weights in mountain tea. As a result of correlation analysis, positive correlations were found between dry leaf weight and other characteristics especially in mountain tea in terms of traits examined in both plants.

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