scholarly journals Variation of Bacterial and Archaeal Community Structures in a Full-Scale Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment

Archaea ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu-lu Lang ◽  
Xiang Chen ◽  
Ai-ling Xu ◽  
Zhi-wen Song ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Free Surface Flow ◽  
Archaeal Community ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Soil And Water

Microorganisms play important roles in the reduction of organic and inorganic pollutants in constructed wetlands used for the treatment of wastewater. However, the diversity and structure of microbial community in constructed wetland system remain poorly known. In this study, the Illumina MiSeq Sequencing of 16S rDNA was used to analyze the bacterial and archaeal microbial community structures of soil and water in a free surface flow constructed wetland, and the differences of bacterial communities and archaeal compositions between soil and water were compared. The results showed that the Proteobacteria were the dominant bacteria, making up 35.38%~48.66% relative abundance. Euryarchaeotic were the absolute dominant archaea in the influent sample with the relative abundance of 93.29%, while Thaumarchaeota showed dominance in the other three samples, making up 50.58%~75.70%. The relative abundances of different species showed great changes in bacteria and archaea, and the number of dominant species in bacteria was much higher than that in archaea. Compared to archaea, the community compositions of bacteria were more abundant and the changes were more significant. Meanwhile, bacteria and archaea had large differences in compositions between water and soil. The microbial richness in water was significantly higher than that in soil. Simultaneously, soil had a significant enrichment effect on some microbial flora.

scholarly journals VERTICAL SUBSURFACE FLOW AND FREE SURFACE FLOW CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS FOR SUSTAINABLE POWER GENERATION AND REAL WASTEWATER SELECTIVE POLLUTANTS REMOVAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (06) ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Zahraa S. Aswad ◽  
◽  
Ahmed H. Ali ◽  
Nadia M. Al-Mhana ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Free Surface ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Free Surface Flow ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Better Than

A vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VSSFCW) and a free surface flow constructed wetland (FSFCW) were set for the objective of comparison the performance of two systems in order to make a decision of the better one for future installation of wastewater treatment system and power generation. Both of the constructed wetlands were planted with Cyperus Alternifolius. During the observation period (19 days or 456 hours), environmental conditions such as pH, temperature, total chemical oxygen demand (COD), phosphate (PO4), nitrate (NO3) ,total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), Pb, Cu, and Cd removal efficiencies of the systems were determined. According to the results, final removal efficiencies for the VSSF and FWSF, respectively, were: COD (94.3% and 94.3%),PO4 (84.3% and 75.3%), NO3 (100% and 100%), TSS (96.8% and 85.6%), Pb (65.8% and 81.4%), Cu (more than 94.7% and 89.4%), Cd (85.7% and 88%). The treatment performances of the VSSF were better than that of the FWSF with regard to the removal of suspended solids and nutrients. In FWSF systems, electricity generation performed better than VSSF of 31.4 mV especially with batch system during one wastewater feed is loaded among all of the nineteen days with maximum voltage of 33.7 mV and decreased gradually as oxygen depletion in cathode chamber and less metabolism processes has occurred.

scholarly journals Changes in the Soil Microbiome in Eggplant Monoculture Revealed by High-Throughput Illumina MiSeq Sequencing as Influenced by Raw Garlic Stalk Amendment

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Imran Ghani ◽  
Ahmad Ali ◽  
Muhammad Jawaad Atif ◽  
Muhammad Ali ◽  
Bakht Amin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Illumina Miseq Sequencing ◽  
Miseq Sequencing ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Microbial Community Structures

The incorporation of plant residues into soil can be considered a keystone sustainability factor in improving soil structure function. However, the effects of plant residue addition on the soil microbial communities involved in biochemical cycles and abiotic stress phenomena are poorly understood. In this study, experiments were conducted to evaluate the role of raw garlic stalk (RGS) amendment in avoiding monoculture-related production constraints by studying the changes in soil chemical properties and microbial community structures. RGS was applied in four different doses, namely the control (RGS0), 1% (RGS1), 3% (RGS2), and 5% (RGS3) per 100 g of soil. The RGS amendment significantly increased soil electrical conductivity (EC), N, P, K, and enzyme activity. The soil pH significantly decreased with RGS application. High-throughput Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed significant alterations in bacterial community structures in response to RGS application. Among the 23 major taxa detected, Anaerolineaceae, Acidobacteria, and Cyanobacteria exhibited an increased abundance level. RGS2 increased some bacteria reported to be beneficial including Acidobacteria, Bacillus, and Planctomyces (by 42%, 64%, and 1% respectively). Furthermore, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) fungal regions revealed significant diversity among the different treatments, with taxa such as Chaetomium (56.2%), Acremonium (4.3%), Fusarium (4%), Aspergillus (3.4%), Sordariomycetes (3%), and Plectosphaerellaceae (2%) showing much abundance. Interestingly, Coprinellus (14%) was observed only in RGS-amended soil. RGS treatments effectively altered soil fungal community structures and reduced certain known pathogenic fungal genera, i.e., Fusarium and Acremonium. The results of the present study suggest that RGS amendment potentially affects the microbial community structures that probably affect the physiological and morphological attributes of eggplant under a plastic greenhouse vegetable cultivation system (PGVC) in monoculture.

scholarly journals Effect of the Influent Substrate Concentration on Nitrogen Removal from Summer to Winter in Field Pilot-Scale Multistage Constructed Wetland–Pond Systems for Treating Low-C/N River Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12456
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Liping Xiao ◽  
Hongbin Lu ◽  
Shaoyong Lu ◽  
Xiaoliang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Surface Flow

The quality of micropolluted water is unstable and its substrate concentration fluctuates greatly. The goal is to predict the concentration effect on the treatment of nitrogen in a river with an actual low C/N ratio for the proposed full-scale Xiaoyi River estuary wetland, so that the wetland project can operate stably and perform the water purification function effectively in the long term. Two pilot-scale multistage constructed wetland–pond (MCWP) systems (S1 and S2, respectively) based on actual engineering with the same “front ecological oxidation ponds, two-stage horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands and surface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs) as the core and postsubmerged plant ponds” as the planned process were constructed to investigate the effect of different influent permanganate indexes (CODMn) and total nitrogen (TN) contents on nitrogen removal from micropolluted river water with a fixed C/N ratio from summer to winter in the field. The results indicate that the TN removal rate in the S1 and S2 systems was significant (19.56% and 34.84%, respectively). During the process of treating this micropolluted water with a fixed C/N ratio, the influent of S2 with a higher CODMn concentration was conducive to the removal of TN. The TN removal rate in S2 was significantly affected by the daily highest temperature. There was significant nitrogen removal efficiency in the SFCWs. The C/N ratio was a major determinant influencing the nitrogen removal rate in the SFCWs. The organic matter release phenomenon in SFCWs with high-density planting played an essential role in alleviating the lack of carbon sources in the influent. This research strongly supports the rule that there is seasonal nitrogen removal in the MCWPs under different influent substrate concentrations, which is of guiding significance for practical engineering.

Influence of substrate depth and particle size on phosphorus removal in a surface flow constructed wetland

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 2291-2298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cui Lijuan ◽  
Li Wei ◽  
Zhou Jian ◽  
Zhang Yan ◽  
Zhang Manyin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Subsurface Layer ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Phosphorus Adsorption

Substrate adsorption is one of the main processes by which redundant phosphorus is removed from wastewater in surface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs). The physical properties of the substrate, such as depth and particle size, will influence the amount of phosphorus adsorption. This study was carried out in a long-running intermittent inflow constructed wetland that covered a total area of 940.4 m2 in the Shunyi District of Beijing, China. We investigated how the concentrations of four phosphorus fractions, namely calcium phosphate (CaP), iron phosphate (FeP), adsorbed phosphorus (AdsP), and organic phosphorus (OP), varied between the surface (0–10 cm) and subsurface (10–20 cm) substrate and among the different substrate particle sizes. The total phosphorus concentrations in the substrate ranged from 154.97 to 194.69 mg/kg; CaP accounted for more than 80% of the total phosphorus content. The concentrations of OP were significantly higher in the surface layer than in the subsurface layer, but the concentrations of inorganic phosphorus were not significantly different between the two layers. The CaP, AdsP, and OP adsorption capacities were greater for small-sized substrate particles than for large-sized substrate particles. The results from this study provide a theoretical basis for the construction of constructed wetlands.

The improvement of water quality indicators in constructed wetland treatment systems in Latvia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Grinberga ◽  
Ainis Lagzdins
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland

<p>This study includes water quality monitoring data obtained since June, 2014 at the farm located in the middle part of Latvia. The water treatment system with two separate constructed wetlands was established to improve water quality in agricultural area. A surface flow constructed wetland received drainage runoff from the agricultural catchment basin. A subsurface flow constructed wetland was implemented to retain nutrients from the surface runoff collected in the area of impermeable pavements of the farmyard. As there are no other specific calculations recommended for the designing of constructed wetlands in Latvia, both wetlands were calculated basing on the surface area of the constructed wetland/catchment area ratio. The surface area of the subsurface flow constructed wetland was deigned by 1.2% of the catchment area and the ratio was 0.5 % for the surface flow constructed wetland.</p><p>Water samples were collected manually by grab sampling method once or twice per month basing on a flowrate. Water quality parameters such as total suspended solids (TSS), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N), total nitrogen (TN), orthophosphate-phosphorus (PO4-P), and total phosphorus (TP), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were analysed to monitor the performance of both wetlands. The concentrations at the inlet and outlet were compared to evaluate the efficiency of the water treatment.</p><p>The concentrations of NO3-N, NH4-N and TN were reduced on average by 21 %, 35 % and 20 %, respectively for the surface flow constructed wetland. PO4-P and TP concentrations were reduced on average by 31 % and 45 %, respectively for the surface flow constructed wetland. Total suspended solids were reduced by 17% at the outlet of the surface flow constructed wetland. However, in some cases, an increase in nutrient concentrations in water leaving the wetland was observed. The study showed the constant reduction of the PO4-P and TP concentrations 82 % and 83 %, respectively in the subsurface flow constructed wetland. The concentrations of NO3-N, NH4-N and TN were reduced on average by 14 %, 66 % and 53 %, respectively for the subsurface flow constructed wetland. BOD and COD reduction on average by 93 % and 83 %, respectively in for the subsurface flow constructed wetland indicated the ability of the treatment system to be adapted for wastewater treatment with high content of organic matter under the given climate conditions. This study outlined that the farmyards should receive a special attention regarding surface runoff management.</p>

scholarly journals Spring Recovery of Constructed Wetland Plants Affects Nutrient Removal From Nursery Runoff

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Michael A. Arnold ◽  
Bruce J. Lesikar ◽  
Ann L. Kenimer ◽  
Don C. Wilkerson
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Free Surface Flow ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Equisetum Hyemale ◽  
Nursery Runoff ◽  
Research And Education

Abstract The nursery/greenhouse industry is the fastest growing segment of United States agriculture. Consumer demand for excellent product quality requires luxury applications of water and agricultural chemicals. These cultural practices tend to yield significant volumes of runoff rich in nutrients and pesticides. A capture and recycle system at the Nursery/Floral Crops Research and Education Center at the Texas A&M University was fitted with 12 sub-surface flow (SSF) and 12 free-surface flow (FSF) wetland cells. A single pass of runoff through constructed wetland cells provided substantial reduction of runoff nutrient concentrations, particularly NO3-N, without increasing electrical conductivity (EC), an indicator of salinity. Nitrate-N concentration reductions were greater in the FSF cells than SSF cells, while the greatest reductions in ammonium and nitrites were obtained with SSF cells. Growth of Iris pseudacorus L. and Canna x generalis L.H. Bailey during spring growth was greater in the FSF wetland cells, while that of Colocasia sp. Fabr. was greater in the SSF wetland cells. Equisetum hyemale L. grew equally well in both cell types. Interactions among irrigation water sources and container media types for growth indices occurred for Juniperus procumbens (Endl.) Miq. ‘Green Mound’ and Ilex vomitoria Ait. ‘Nana’, but not for Raphiolepis indica L. ‘Carmelita’.

scholarly journals PARAMETERS EVALUATION OF MUNICIPAL WASTE WATER AFTER TREATMENT USING SUB SURFACE FLOW CONSTRUCTED WETLAND IN EKANT PARK BHOPAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Shalini Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Public Park ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Natural Wetlands

Land areas which are wet during part or all of the year are referred as wetlands. Constructed wetlands are manmade systems that mimic the functions of natural wetlands and applied for wastewater treatment. Aim of the present study is to investigate the feasibility of using a Tracheophyte, Phragmiteskarka in constructed wetland for treatment of wastewater in an public park. The daily inlet and outlet wastewater physico-chemical parameters were analysed during the period of two months. The parameters studied were pH, BOD, COD, DO, Total Suspended Solids, Total Dissolved Solids, Nitrogen and Phosphorus. The percentage removal of the parameters were analysed and studied until the percent removal rate gets stabilized. The study showed that the subsurface flow constructed wetlands are best alternative among modern treatments.

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