New genera, species and combinations in the Pseudomicrocara Armstrong group (Coleoptera: Scirtidae) based on morphology supported by mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequence data

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4831 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-66
Author(s):  
C.H.S. WATTS ◽  
S.J.B. COOPER ◽  
M.L. LIBONATTI
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 ◽  
Nuclear Gene Sequence

The Australian Scirtidae genus Pseudomicrocara Armstrong, previously shown to be polyphyletic, is revised using both morphology and sequence data from the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 and two nuclear genes, elongation factor 1-alpha and topoisomerase. Twenty-three genera, 16 of which are new, are recognised based on morphology, primarily of the mandibles and maxillary palpi, and male and female genitalia. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses were used to examine relationships among species from 21 of the 23 recognised genera. Fifteen of the genera were recovered as distinct lineages. A further six, Accolabass Watts, Anocyphon gen. nov., Copiacyphon gen. nov., Nasutuscyphon gen. nov., Pseudomicrocara and Saprocyphon gen. nov. were considered to be genera based on both morphology and phylogenetic analysis but their species composition is uncertain and will require more work to confirm. The 17 new genera are fully described, keys are provided to all the genera in the Pseudomicrocara group, and to all the species in the genera Copiacyphon gen. nov., Spilotocyphon gen. nov., Accolabass Watts, Saltuscyphon gen. nov. and Vadumcyphon gen. nov. The male aedeagi of all new genera and species are illustrated, as are the female prehensors of some species.                The following genera are described as new: Alpestriscyphon gen. nov., Anthocara gen. nov., Anocyphon gen. nov., Copiacyphon gen. nov., Furcacyphon gen. nov., Latuscara gen. nov., Pictacara gen. nov., Nasutuscyphon gen. nov., Nektriscyphon gen. nov., Pumiliocara gen. nov., Ruborcara gen. nov., Saltuscyphon gen. nov., Saprocyphon gen. nov., Sisyracyphon gen. nov., Spilotocyphon gen. nov., Tenebriocyphon gen. nov. and Vadumcyphon gen. nov. A total of 45 new combinations are proposed. The following species are described as new: Accolabass monteithi sp. nov.; Alpestriscyphon bartlefrere sp. nov., Al. spurgeon sp. nov.; Anocyphon lepus sp. nov.; Copiacyphon brindaleensis sp. nov., C. cardinalis sp. nov., C. dytikos sp. nov.; Pumiliocara peneparva sp. nov.; Ruborcara saintae sp. nov.; Saltuscyphon montanus sp. nov., Sal. teraniaensis sp. nov.; Saprocyphon bithongensis sp. nov.; Sisyracyphon brisbanensis sp. nov., S. bulburinensis sp. nov.; Spilotocyphon occidentalis sp. nov., Sp. orientalis sp. nov., Sp. zwicki sp. nov.; Vadumcyphon centralis sp. nov., V. rugosus sp. nov. A checklist of all Australian taxa in the redefined Pseudomicrocara group is included.                Sequence data of the Argentinian species Pseudomicrocara antarctica (Fairmaire) is included. Phylogenetic analyses place this species as a distinct lineage within the Pseudomicrocara group. 

A new genus, Perplexacara, and new generic placements of species of Australian marsh beetles (Coleoptera: Scirtidae) based on morphology and molecular genetic data

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4927 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-548
Author(s):  
C.H.S. WATTS ◽  
T.M. BRADFORD ◽  
S.J.B. COOPER
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit ◽  
Molecular Genetic Data ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

The Australian Scirtidae species previously identified as misplaced in the widespread genus Prionocyphon Redtenbacher are revisited as well as their possible relationship with the Australian genus Macrodascillus (Lea) using sequence data from the mitochondrial gene, cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 and two nuclear genes, elongation factor 1-alpha and Topoisomerase. The study confirmed the conclusion of Cooper et al. (2014) that the species did not belong in Prionocyphon. The study also included a species from each of three possibly related genera, Chameloscyphon Watts, Daploeuros Watts and Dasyscyphon Watts. Chameloscyphon huonensis Watts, Dasyscyphon victoriaensis Watts and Daploeuros lamingtonensis Watts were recovered as separate lineages with C. huonensis linking with Das. victoriaensis and Dap. lamingtonensis isolated. The species previously included in Prionocyphon were shown to belong in two genera, Macrodascillus and a new genus Perplexacara: Perplexacara caementum (Watts) new combination, P. latusmandibulara (Watts) new combination, P. macroflavida (Watts) new combination, Macrodascillus scalaris (Lea), M. insolitus (Watts) new combination and M. lamingtonensis (Watts) new combination. 

Phylogenetic relationships of Australian Scirtidae (Coleoptera) based on mitochondrial and nuclear sequences

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. B. Cooper ◽  
Christopher H. S. Watts ◽  
Kathleen M. Saint ◽  
Remko Leijs
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 ◽  
Combined Data

Scirtidae is a cosmopolitan group of beetles with aquatic or saproxylic larvae. A large diversity of species has recently been described from Australia, but their systematics is uncertain. There is evidence that current genera are polyphyletic and that Australian species were wrongly placed in northern hemisphere genera. Here we investigate the systematics of Australian Scirtidae using molecular phylogenetic analyses of combined data from the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and nuclear gene elongation factor 1-α (EF1-α) genes. We also assess the current taxonomy of Australian Scirtidae using partial COI sequences. Bayesian phylogenetic analyses of COI and EF1-α sequence data from 81 taxa show that the Australian genera Contacyphon, Pseudomicrocara and Prionocyphon are polyphyletic. There is no close relationship between Australian and Eurasian genera, with the exception of Scirtes. Phylogenetic analyses of partial COI data from Australian Scirtidae generally support the current α taxonomy, with the exception of several species that may be associated with species complexes. Geographically a high proportion of species lineages are restricted to relict patches of wet forest suggesting that they may be relict populations. The phylogeny and sequence data presented here provide a sound basis for further systematic and biogeographical studies of the Scirtidae.

New species of Nectria and Thyronectria from Xinjiang, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 433 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-264
Author(s):  
RONG MA ◽  
SHENG-NAN LI ◽  
YING ZHAO ◽  
MIN WANG ◽  
THEMIS J. MICHAILIDES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Translation Elongation Factor ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha ◽  
Alpha Actin ◽  
First Time ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

Nectria berberidis sp. nov. and Thyronectria berberidicola sp. nov. isolated from Berberis heteropoda in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, are described and illustrated. Nectria berberidis is characterized by clavate asci (50–87 × 8–12 μm) with ellipsoidal to fusiform, 1-septate ascospores. Thyronectria berberidicola is characterized by clavate asci (117–25.9 × 63.7–117.9 μm) with ellipsoidal to fusiform ascospores that have 5–8 transverse septa and 1(–2) longitudinal septum. Ascospores bud to produce hyaline, bacillar ascoconidia. Phylogenetic analyses based on alpha-actin (ACT), the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the large nuclear ribosomal RNA subunit (LSU), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1) and the β-tubulin (TUB) sequence data revealed that isolates of N. berberidis and T. berberidicola form a distinct clade within Nectria and Thyronectria, respectively. In addition, Nectria nigrescens is reported for the first time in China.

scholarly journals A taxonomic revision of the genus Conidiobolus (Ancylistaceae, Entomophthorales): four clades including three new genera

MycoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 55-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Nie ◽  
De-Shui Yu ◽  
Cheng-Fang Wang ◽  
Xiao-Yong Liu ◽  
Bo Huang
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

The genus Conidiobolus is an important group in entomophthoroid fungi and is considered to be polyphyletic in recent molecular phylogenies. To re-evaluate and delimit this genus, multi-locus phylogenetic analyses were performed using the large and small subunits of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nucLSU and nucSSU), the small subunit of the mitochondrial ribosomal DNA (mtSSU) and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF-1α). The results indicated that the Conidiobolus is not monophyletic, being grouped into a paraphyletic grade with four clades. Consequently, the well-known Conidiobolus is revised and three new genera Capillidium, Microconidiobolus and Neoconidiobolus are proposed along with one new record and 22 new combinations. In addition, the genus Basidiobolus is found to be basal to the other entomophthoroid taxa and the genus Batkoa locates in the Entomophthoraceae clade.

European bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Bombini)- phylogenetic relationships inferred from DNA sequences

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vest Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
The Other ◽  
Elongation Factor 1Α ◽  
Nucleotide Bias

AbstractThe phylogenetics of 40 taxa of European bumblebees were analysed based on PCR amplified and direct sequenced DNA from one region of the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome Oxidase I (1046 bp) and for 26 taxa from two regions in the nuclear gene Elongation Factor 1α (1056 bp). The sequences were aligned to the corresponding sequences in the honey bee. Phylogenetic analyses based on parsimony, as well as maximum likelihood, indicate that the bumblebees can be separated into several well-supported clades. Most of the terminal clades correspond very well with the clades known from former phylogenetic analyses based on morphology and recognized as the subgenera: Mendacibombus, Confusibombus, Psithyrus, Thoracobombus, Megabombus, Rhodobombus, Kallobombus, Alpinobombus, Subterraneobombus, Alpigenobombus, Pyrobombus, Bombus and Melanobombus. All the cuckoo bumblebees form a well-supported clade, the subgenus Psithyrus, within the true bumblebees. All the analyses place Kallobombus as the most basal taxon in contradiction to former analyses. The other deeper nodes of the phylogenetic trees, which are weakly supported, deviate significantly from former published trees - especially the trees based on mtCO-I. Presumably, the reasons are that multiple hits and the strong bias of the bases A and T blur the relationships in the deepest part of the trees. Analyses of the region in mtCO-I show a very strong A+T bias (A+T= 75%), which also indicate preferences in the use of codons with A or T in third positions. In closely related entities, there is only a weak transversion bias (A+T). In the studied regions in EF 1-α, no nucleotide bias is observed. The observed differences in bases between the investigated taxa are relatively small and the gene is too conserved to solve all the questions that the analyses of the deeper nodes using mtCO-I raise.

Saprobic Dothideomycetes in Thailand: Phaeoseptum hydei sp. nov., a new terrestrial ascomycete in Phaeoseptaceae

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 449 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-163
Author(s):  
DHANUSHKA N. WANASINGHE ◽  
PETER E. MORTIMER ◽  
CHANOKNED SENWANNA ◽  
RATCHADAWAN CHEEWANGKOON
Keyword(s):  
Novel Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Delonix Regia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha ◽  
Vertical Septum ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

During a survey of saprobic microfungi in Thailand, a dothideomycetous fungus was found on a dead twig of Delonix regia, on the Chiang Mai University campus. This fungus is characterized by fully immersed ascomata under a small blackened pseudoclypeus, pseudoparenchymatous peridium, cellular pseudoparaphyses, cylindrical-clavate asci with a distinct pedicel, overlapping 3–4-seriate, pale to dark brown, broadly fusoid, 7–9-transversally septate ascospores with a vertical septum in nearly all median cells. Multigene phylogenetic analyses, using partial sequences from the 28S nrRNA gene (LSU), 18S nrRNA gene (SSU), internal transcribed spacer regions and intervening 5.8S nrRNA gene (ITS) of the nrDNA operon and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha region (TEF) demonstrated a monophyletic affiliation of the new strain, accommodating the species of Phaeoseptum in the family Phaeoseptaceae. With further morphological and phylogenetic investigations, we justify the new fungus as a novel species, Phaeoseptum hydei in Phaeoseptaceae. Detailed descriptions and illustrations are provided for Phaeoseptum hydei and this novel species compared with the remaining species found in the genus. An updated checklist of microfungi recorded on Delonix regia from around the world is also provided.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analyses of Lophodermella needle pathogens (Rhytismataceae) on Pinus species in the USA and Europe

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11435
Author(s):  
Jessa P. Ata ◽  
Kelly S. Burns ◽  
Suzanne Marchetti ◽  
Isabel A. Munck ◽  
Ludwig Beenken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Phenotypic Characters ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Phylogenetic Resolution ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

Increasing prevalence of conifer needle pathogens globally have prompted further studies on pathogen identification and a better understanding of phylogenetic relationships among needle pathogens. Several Lophodermella species can be aggressive pathogens causing needle cast in natural pine forests in the USA and Europe. However, their relationships with other Rhytismataceae species have historically been based on similarities of only limited phenotypic characters. Currently, no molecular studies have been completed to elucidate their relationships with other Lophodermella needle pathogens. This study collected and sequenced three gene loci, namely: internal transcribed spacer, large ribosomal subunit, and translation elongation factor 1-alpha, from five Lophodermella needle pathogens from North America (L. arcuata, L. concolor, L. montivaga) and Europe (L. conjuncta and L. sulcigena) to distinguish phylogeny within Rhytismatacaeae, including Lophophacidium dooksii. Phylogenetic analyses of the three loci revealed that all but L. conjuncta that were sampled in this study consistently clustered in a well-supported clade within Rhytismataceae. The multi-gene phylogeny also confirmed consistent nesting of L. dooksii, a needle pathogen of Pinus strobus, within the clade. Potential synapomorphic characters such as ascomata position and ascospore shape for the distinct clade were also explored. Further, a rhytismataceous species on P. flexilis that was morphologically identified as L. arcuata was found to be unique based on the sequences at the three loci. This study suggests a potential wider range of host species within the genus and the need for genetic characterization of other Lophodermella and Lophophacidium species to provide a higher phylogenetic resolution.

scholarly journals Two new species of Leptographium associated with Tomicus spp. infesting Pinus spp. in Southwestern China

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 4798-4807
Author(s):  
Yue Pan ◽  
Jun Lu ◽  
Xu-Dong Zhou ◽  
Ze-fen Yu ◽  
Peng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Optimal Growth Temperature ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Pinus Spp ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

Leptographium panxianense and L. puerense are proposed as new taxa based on sequence data and morphological characters. The phylogenetic analyses based on ITS2-partial LSU rDNA region, β-tubulin and elongation factor 1-α genes showed that L. panxianense and L. puerense formed well-supported clades and were closely related to L. yunnanense, L. wushanense and L. conjunctum, and then nested within the L. lundbergii complex. The two species differ in their conidial size and shape. The conidia of L. panxianense are larger than those of L. puerense while the conidial shape of L. puerense is more ovovoid. The optimal growth temperature of both L. panxianense and L. puerense is at 20 °C, which is different from those of L. yunnanense, L. wushanense and L. conjunctum. Comparison of sequence data and morphological characters confirmed the placement of the two undescribed taxa in the genus of Leptographium.

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