Radiological findings of fibrocartilaginous coalition of the third tarsometatarsal joint: a retrospective cross-sectional study with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 1541-1544
Author(s):  
Giancarlo MC Domingues ◽  
Taise T da Silva ◽  
André Y Aihara ◽  
Fabiano N Cardoso ◽  
Virgílio O Barreto
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
English Language ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Tarsal Coalition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Third ◽  
Tarsometatarsal Joint

Background Fibrocartilaginous coalition of the third tarsometatarsal joint has been indicated as an extremely rare form of tarsal coalition in the radiological literature, and most articles concerned with tarsal coalition do not mention involvement of this joint. Only two reports written in the English language that approach this subject were found, an orthopedic report and an anthropological report. Purpose To evaluate the prevalence of this finding and discuss and illustrate the radiological characteristics of this coalition. Material and Methods A retrospective analysis of 614 computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scans of the ankle and/or foot, acquired at a health service within a period of three months, was performed to assess the prevalence of this coalition. Results Of the examinations characterized as valid for analysis for the purposes of the study, 17 cases compatible with fibrocartilaginous coalition of the third tarsometatarsal joint were found, thus indicating an involvement of approximately 2.97% of the examined feet. Conclusion Our radiological findings are typical, and the prevalence found in this study was statistically significant, being similar to that described in the anthropological report (3.2%–6.8%).

scholarly journals Cross-sectional anatomy, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging of the banded houndshark (Triakis scyllium)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Wha Kim ◽  
Adams Hei Long Yuen ◽  
Cherry Tsz Ching Poon ◽  
Joon Oh Hwang ◽  
Chang Jun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Evolutionary Developmental Biology ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractDue to their important phylogenetic position among extant vertebrates, sharks are an invaluable group in evolutionary developmental biology studies. A thorough understanding of shark anatomy is essential to facilitate these studies and documentation of this iconic taxon. With the increasing availability of cross-sectional imaging techniques, the complicated anatomy of both cartilaginous and soft tissues can be analyzed non-invasively, quickly, and accurately. The aim of this study is to provide a detailed anatomical description of the normal banded houndshark (Triakis scyllium) using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) along with cryosection images. Three banded houndsharks were scanned using a 64-detector row spiral CT scanner and a 3 T MRI scanner. All images were digitally stored and assessed using open-source Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine viewer software in the transverse, sagittal, and dorsal dimensions. The banded houndshark cadavers were then cryosectioned at approximately 1-cm intervals. Corresponding transverse cryosection images were chosen to identify the best anatomical correlations for transverse CT and MRI images. The resulting images provided excellent detail of the major anatomical structures of the banded houndshark. The illustrations in the present study could be considered as a useful reference for interpretation of normal and pathological imaging studies of sharks.

scholarly journals Comparison of Echocardiography and Computed Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Assessing of Pulmonary Vein Stenosis in Children

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Y. Mykychak ◽  
D. Kozhokar ◽  
I. Yusifli ◽  
A. Morkovkina ◽  
R. Tammo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Pulmonary Vein ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Pulmonary Vein Stenosis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Imaging Tool ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Pulmonary vein (PV) stenosis is a rare disease with high recurrence and mortality rates. Objective. This study was aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of echocardiography versus cross-sectional modalities. Material and methods. Our study includes 11 consecutive patients who underwent a comprehensive PV anatomy assessment between April 2018 and June 2019 at Ukrainian Children’s Cardiac Center, Kyiv. Echocardiographic studies of each pulmonary vein followed by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed in all patients. A total of 27 CT/MRI studies were performed. Results. There were four patients whose echocardiography findings were completely confirmed by CT/MRI method. In some patients significant stenosis was underestimated by echocardiography. Sensitivity and specificity were 86.4 and 88.9 for echo, as well as 100 and 94.4 for CT/MRI, respectively. Conclusion. This study recognizes the limitations of echocardiography as an imaging tool for pulmonary veins morphology assessment. Cross-sectional studies overcome these limitations and provide excellent morphological as well as functional (MRI) evaluation of pulmonary veins.

scholarly journals What We Can Find Beyond the Classic Neuroimaging Findings of Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome?

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Bruno Niemeyer ◽  
Rafael Hollanda ◽  
Bernardo Muniz ◽  
Edson Marchiori
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sporadic Cases

Background: In 1947, Zika virus (ZIKV) was first discovered in Monkeys, in Zika Forest, in Uganda, Africa. Five years later, (1952) the first human Zika infection was detected in Nigeria, Africa. After this date, only sporadic cases happened, until the first 3 epidemics occurred, all outside Africa. The first epidemic was in Yap Island in 2007, the second in French Polynesia in 2013, and the third in 2015 in the northeast of Brazil, and then the spread to the Americas in 2015 and 2016. However, it was only after the epidemic in the northeast of Brazil, in the first half of 2015, that many babies were born with microcephaly in the second semester of that same year and in 2016. Until now, every year, some babies are still born with congenital ZIKV syndrome (CZVS). Summary: The objective of this article is to describe infrequent and rarely discussed imaging (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) findings of CZVS, in addition to those classically described such as a simplified gyral pattern, ventriculomegaly, corpus callosum dysgenesis, craniofacial disproportion, and redundant scalp, thus suggesting an increase in the spectrum of neurological findings related to the syndrome.

Coalizão da articulação talocalcaneana com Os sustentaculum - Uma coalizão incomum / Coalition of the medial portion of the talocalcaneal with the associated Os sustentaculum – An uncommon coalition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luna Caroline Carolino Flores ◽  
Guilherme Tanaka ◽  
Márcio Luí­s Duarte ◽  
André de Queiroz Pereira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Tarsal Coalition ◽  
Talocalcaneal Joint ◽  
Accessory Ossicle ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Orthostatic Position ◽  
The Right

Introdução: O Os sustentaculum é um osso acessório raro localizado na extremidade posterior do sustentaculum tali. A coalizão tarsal pode ser considerada uma anomaliacongênita que pode se tornar sintomática. Frequentemente, é necessária a TC ou a RM para confirmar o diagnóstico de coalizão talo-calcânea quando os achados nas radiografiassão ambíguos. Objetivo: Relatar um caso incomum de Coalizão da articulação talocalcaneana com Os sustentaculum, diagnosticado por exames de imagem. Relatodo Caso: Mulher de 26 anos com “caroço” no tornozelo direito há 10 anos promovendo dor intermitente. Apresenta piora ao usar salto – independentemente do tempo, ao andar ou ao ficar em posição ortostática por mais de 1 hora, referindo dor a palpação e irradiação para o pé. A radiografia do tornozelo direito apresenta ossículo acessório na porção medial da articulação talo-calcânea – Os sustentaculum, confirmada pela tomografia computadorizada. A ressonância magnética diagnostica coalizão talo-calcânea extra-articular com Os  ustentaculum. Conclusão: É importante ressaltar que o Os sustentaculum não é apenasum ossículo acessório ou uma fratura antiga, ele é um componente de um tipo de coalizão talo-calcânea extra-articular, o que faz com que essa condição seja geralmente sintomática. Portanto, se um paciente com Os sustentaculum apresentar sintomas na área articular talo-calcânea medial, uma coalizão talo-calcânea extra-articular com Os sustentaculum deve ser considerada. Palavras-chave: Coalizão tarsal, Tomografia computadorizada por raios X, Imagem por ressonância magnética, Radiografia ABSTRACT Introduction: The Os sustentaculum is a rare accessory bone located at the posterior end of the sustentaculum tali. The tarsal coalition can be considered a congenital anomaly that can become symptomatic. Often, CT or MRI is required to confirm the diagnosis of the talo-calcaneus coalition when the findings on radiographs are ambiguous. Objective: To report an unusual case of a coalition of the talocalcaneal joint with Os sustentaculum, diagnosed by imaging exams. Case Report: A 26-year-old woman with a “lump” in her right ankle for 10 years causing intermittent pain. She worsens when wearing heels - regardless of the time when walking or standing in an orthostatic position for more than 1 hour, referring to pain on palpation and irradiation to the foot. The right ankle radiograph shows an accessory ossicle in the medial portion of the talocalcaneal joint – Os  Sustentaculum, confirmed by computed tomography. Magnetic resonance imaging diagnoses extra-articular talo-calcaneus coalition with Os sustentaculum. Conclusion: It is important to emphasize that the Os sustentaculum is not just an accessory ossicle or an old fracture, it is a component of a type of extra-articular talo-calcaneus coalition, which makes this condition generally symptomatic. Therefore, if a patient with Os sustentaculum shows symptoms in the medial talo-calcaneus joint area, an extra-articular talo-calcaneus  coalition with Os sustentaculum should be considered. Keywords: Tarsal coalition, X-ray computed tomography, Magnetic resonance imaging, Radiography

scholarly journals The clinical utility of structural neuroimaging in first-episode psychosis: A systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1093-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm Forbes ◽  
Denes Stefler ◽  
Dennis Velakoulis ◽  
Stephen Stuckey ◽  
Jean-Francois Trudel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Episode Psychosis

Background: Australian and US guidelines recommend routine brain imaging, either computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, to exclude structural lesions in presentations for first-episode psychosis. The aim of this review was to examine the evidence for the appropriateness and clinical utility of this recommendation by assessing the frequency of abnormal radiological findings in computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans among patients with first-episode psychosis. Methods: PubMed and Embase database were searched from inception to April 2018 using appropriate MeSH or Emtree terms. Studies were included in the review if they reported data on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scan findings of individuals with first-episode psychosis. No restriction on the geographical location of the study or the age of participants was applied. We calculated the percentage of abnormal radiological findings in each study, separately by the two diagnostic methods. Results: There were 16 suitable studies published between 1988 and 2017, reporting data on an overall 2312 patients with first-episode psychosis. Most were observational studies with a retrospective design and the majority examined patients with computed tomography. While structural abnormalities were a relatively common finding, these rarely required clinical intervention (range across studies: 0–60.7%; median: 3.5%) and were very rarely the cause of the psychotic symptoms (range: 0–3.3%; median: 0%). Only 2 of the 16 studies concluded that brain imaging should be routinely ordered in first-episode psychosis. Conclusion: There is insufficient evidence to suggest that brain imaging should be routinely ordered for patients presenting with first-episode psychosis without associated neurological or cognitive impairment. The appropriate screening procedure for structural brain lesions is conventional history-taking, mental status and neurological examination. If intracranial pathology is suspected clinically, a magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography scan should be performed depending on the clinical signs, the acuity and the suspected pathology. National guidelines should reflect evidence-based data.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography of Cardiac Masses and Pseudomasses in the Atrioventricular Groove

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Glockner
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cardiac Computed Tomography ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
Precise Diagnosis ◽  
Pictorial Essay

The atrioventricular (AV) groove constitutes the anatomic space separating the atria and ventricles. The AV groove is often difficult to visualize at echocardiography, and suspected lesions can be further assessed with cardiac computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. AV groove lesions may originate from within the AV groove or extend into this space from adjacent structures. The differential diagnosis for AV groove lesions is often wide, but a precise diagnosis can sometimes be made. This pictorial essay illustrates the magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography appearance of common and uncommon AV groove lesions, and attempts to provide a logical framework for differential diagnosis when confronted with a known or suspected lesion at cross-sectional imaging.

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