scholarly journals Relationship of Nasal Morphology With Different Dentoskeletal Patterns: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-137
Author(s):  
Rojalin Sahoo ◽  
Ajit Vikram Parihar ◽  
TP Chaturvedi ◽  
Shivam Verma
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
English Language ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Facial Aesthetics ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Online Library ◽  
Relationship Of

Introduction: The nose is considered by some clinicians as the keystone of facial aesthetics. A treatment plan can be customized to intensify the facial aesthetics of a patient through careful evaluation of the soft tissue drape. Hence, for getting a better outcome of the treatment plan, orthodontists are supposed to have in-depth knowledge and awareness of soft tissue changes, taking into notice the ethnic and racial variation in discrete cohorts. The objective of this study is to enlist the relationship of nasal morphology with different dentoskeletal (sagittal and vertical) patterns. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive electronic database search was performed till July 2020, of Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, and ScienceDirect. Only articles published in the English language were included. After excluding all the irrelevant data through careful screening, a total of 15 articles were selected which discussed the nose–dentoskeletal pattern relation. Results and Conclusion: The nose is found to be convex in skeletal class II, straight in class I, and concave in class III. Those with increased vertical growth may have an increased tendency of a convex nasal dorsum. Maxillary and mandibular jaw length affect the nasal parameters more than the jaw position. Nasal length and nasal depth increase with the jaw length and mandibular and maxillary/palatal-plane inclination to the cranium. A long nose with increased nasal depth is expected in long faces and those with long upper and lower jaws. An upturned nose is found with an anticlockwise-rotated maxilla.

scholarly journals Treatment of class II and class III maloccolusion by using churro jumper: an efficient, inexpensive and uncomplicated fixed flexible functional technique

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Shubhangi Amit Mani ◽  
Nilesh Mote ◽  
Kunal Dilip Pawar ◽  
Prashantkumar Mishra ◽  
Richa Anil Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Functional Appliance ◽  
Orthopedic Treatment ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Centric Relation ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Relationship Of

Functional orthopedic treatment seeks to improve skeletal and dental relationship of the jaws. The challenging task is to correctly position jaws antero-posteriorly and vertically with correct overbite, overjet and Centric relation. The Churro Jumper is an efficient, inexpensive and uncomplicated fixed flexible functional appliance. It is used to evaluate the efficacy of the Churro Jumper appliance in treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusion with retrognathic mandible. Churro Jumper contributes in correction of Class II molar relationship by dento-alveolar effects on both jaws. There was up-righting of maxillary incisors and proclination of mandibular incisors. Churro Jumper is clinically efficient as well as effective appliance to correct skeletal class II malocclusion. The only problem with this appliance is its frequent breakage and oral hygiene maintenance causing inconvenience to both patient as well as operator.

scholarly journals Current Trends in Orthognathic Surgery in Poland—A Retrospective Analysis of 124 Cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6439
Author(s):  
Ewa Zawiślak ◽  
Szymon Przywitowski ◽  
Anna Olejnik ◽  
Hanna Gerber ◽  
Paweł Golusiński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Corrective Osteotomy ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Malocclusion ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Maxillary Osteotomy ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii

The analysis aims at assessing the current trends in orthognathic surgery. The retrospective study covered a group of 124 patients with skeletal malocclusion treated by one team of maxillofacial surgeons at the University Hospital in Zielona Góra, Poland. Various variables were analysed, including demographic characteristics of the group, type of deformity, type of osteotomy used, order in which osteotomy was performed and duration of types of surgery. The mean age of the patients was 28 (ranging from 17 to 48, SD = 7). The group included a slightly bigger number of females (59.7%), with the dominant skeletal Class III (64.5%), and asymmetries were found in 21.8% of cases. Types of osteotomy performed during surgeries were divided as follows: LeFort I, segmental LeFort I, BSSO, BSSO with genioplasty, LeFort I with BSSO, LeFort I with BSSO and genioplasty, segmental LeFort I with BSSO, isolated genioplasty. Bimaxillary surgeries with and without genioplasty constituted the largest group of orthognathic surgeries (49.1%), and a slightly smaller percentage were one jaw surgeries (46.7%). A statistically significant correlation was found between the type of surgery and the skeletal class. In patients with skeletal Class III, bimaxillary surgeries were performed significantly more often than in patients with skeletal Class II (57.5% vs. 20.0%; p = 0.0002). The most common type of osteotomy in all surgeries was bilateral osteotomy of the mandible modo Obwegeser–Epker in combination with Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy (42.7%). The order of osteotomies in bimaxillary surgeries was mandible first in 61.3% of cases. The longest surgery was bimaxillary osteotomy with genioplasty (mean = 265 min), and the shortest surgery was isolated genioplasty (mean = 96 min). The results of the analysis show a significant differentiation between the needs of orthognathic surgery and the types of corrective osteotomy applied to the facial skeleton.

scholarly journals Determination of Sagittal Skeletal Discrepancy through Beta Angle: A Lateral Cephalometric Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Farah Saleem ◽  
Zubair H Awiasi
Keyword(s):  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Beta Angle ◽  
Third Line ◽  
Cephalometric Study

Introduction: Accurate classification and treatment planning relies on correct diagnosis of skeletal and dentalrelationships. Commonly used measurements used to classify sagittal relationship ANB and Wit’s appraisal are not without potential inherent problems which might lead to less accurate classification of sagittal dysplasia. To avoid these problems, a new approach Beta angle was introduced by Baik in 2004. Beta angle as it involves different landmarks of classifying anterior-posterior relationships is said to be devoid of those problems thus more reliable. We conducted a cross sectional study to measure the angle among patients presenting in Nishtar Institute of Dentistry Multan Pakistan. Materials and Method: Ninety pretreatment cephalometric x-rays of patients between ages 12 to 30 years were selected and studied. They were divided into three classes based on ANB angle and Wit’s appraisal. For the measurement of Beta angle, a line was drawn from the center of condyle (C) to point A and other to point B. A third line joining A to B was drawn. A line from point A perpendicular to line C-B was drawn and angle was measured between this perpendicular and line joining A-B. ANOVA was used to compare means of three groups. Pearson correlational coefficient was used to correlate relationship between Beta angle and ANB angle. Result: The results showed Beta angle ranged between 27° and 34° for class I. Subjects having angle less than 27° can be classified as skeletal class II and those with angles larger than 34° as skeletal class III subjects. Conclusion: Beta angle is reliable method for assessing and classifying sagittal skeletal discrepancies 

scholarly journals Anatomical characteristics of mandibular bone in skeletal Class I, II and III patients by using cone beam computed tomography images in an iranian population

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zandi ◽  
Abbas Shokri ◽  
Vahid Mollabashi ◽  
Zahed Eghdami ◽  
Payam Amini
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Anatomical Characteristics ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Ramus Height

Objetive: This study aimed to compare the anatomical characteristics of the mandible in patients with skeletal class I, II and class III disorders using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and Methods: CBCT scans of patients between 17 to 40 years taken with NewTom 3G CBCT system with 12-inch field of view (FOV) were selected from the archive. Lateral cephalograms were obtained from CBCT scans of patients, and type of skeletal malocclusion was determined (Class I, II or III). All CBCT scans were evaluated in the sagittal, coronal and axial planes using the N.N.T viewer software. Results: The ramus height and distance from the mandibular foramen to the sigmoid notch in class II patients were significantly different from those in skeletal class I (P < 0.005). Distance from the mandibular canal to the anterior border of ramus in class III individuals was significantly different from that in skeletal class I individuals (P < .005). Conclusion: Length of the body of mandible in skeletal class I was significantly different from that in skeletal class II and III patients. Also, ramus height in skeletal class I was significantly different from that in skeletal class II patients. CBCT had high efficacy for accurate identification of anatomical landmarks.   Keywords Prognathism; Retrognathism; Mandible; Anatomy; Cone beam computed tomography.

scholarly journals Effect of Le Fort I Maxillary Advancement and Clockwise Rotation on the Anteromedial Cheek Soft Tissue Change in Patients with Skeletal Class III Pattern and Midface Deficiency: A 3D Imaging-Based Prediction Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 262
Author(s):  
Hsin-Chih Lai ◽  
Rafael Denadai ◽  
Cheng-Ting Ho ◽  
Hsiu-Hsia Lin ◽  
Lun-Jou Lo
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Le Fort ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Tissue Change ◽  
Maxillary Advancement ◽  
Soft Tissue Change ◽  
Mass Position ◽  
Le Fort I

Patients with a skeletal Class III deformity may present with a concave contour of the anteromedial cheek region. Le Fort I maxillary advancement and rotational movements correct the problem but information on the impact on the anteromedial cheek soft tissue change has been insufficient to date. This three-dimensional (3D) imaging-assisted study assessed the effect of surgical maxillary advancement and clockwise rotational movements on the anteromedial cheek soft tissue change. Two-week preoperative and 6-month postoperative cone-beam computed tomography scans were obtained from 48 consecutive patients who received 3D-guided two-jaw orthognathic surgery for the correction of Class III malocclusion associated with a midface deficiency and concave facial profile. Postoperative 3D facial bone and soft tissue models were superimposed on the corresponding preoperative models. The region of interest at the anteromedial cheek area was defined. The 3D cheek volumetric change (mm3; postoperative minus preoperative models) and the preoperative surface area (mm2) were computed to estimate the average sagittal movement (mm). The 3D cheek mass position from orthognathic surgery-treated patients was compared with published 3D normative data. Surgical maxillary advancement (all p < 0.001) and maxillary rotation (all p < 0.006) had a significant effect on the 3D anteromedial cheek soft tissue change. In total, 78.9%, 78.8%, and 78.8% of the variation in the cheek soft tissue sagittal movement was explained by the variation in the maxillary advancement and rotation movements for the right, left, and total cheek regions, respectively. The multiple linear regression models defined ratio values (relationship) between the 3D cheek soft tissue sagittal movement and maxillary bone advancement and rotational movements of 0.627 and 0.070, respectively. Maxillary advancements of 3–4 mm and >4 mm resulted in a 3D cheek mass position (1.91 ± 0.53 mm and 2.36 ± 0.72 mm, respectively) similar (all p > 0.05) to the 3D norm value (2.15 ± 1.2 mm). This study showed that both Le Fort I maxillary advancement and rotational movements affect the anteromedial cheek soft tissue change, with the maxillary advancement movement presenting a larger effect on the cheek soft tissue movement than the maxillary rotational movement. These findings can be applied in future multidisciplinary-based decision-making processes for planning and executing orthognathic surgery.

scholarly journals Relationship between skeletal Class II and Class III malocclusions with vertical skeletal pattern

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Sonia Patricia Plaza ◽  
Andreina Reimpell ◽  
Jaime Silva ◽  
Diana Montoya
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Class Iii Malocclusion ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Lateral Cephalogram ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Skeletal Pattern

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to establish the association between sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns and assess which cephalometric variables contribute to the possibility of developing skeletal Class II or Class III malocclusion. Methods: Cross-sectional study. The sample included pre-treatment lateral cephalogram radiographs from 548 subjects (325 female, 223 male) aged 18 to 66 years. Sagittal skeletal pattern was established by three different classification parameters (ANB angle, Wits and App-Bpp) and vertical skeletal pattern by SN-Mandibular plane angle. Cephalometric variables were measured using Dolphin software (Imaging and Management Solutions, Chatsworth, Calif, USA) by a previously calibrated operator. The statistical analysis was carried out with Chi-square test, ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis test, and an ordinal multinomial regression model. Results: Evidence of association (p< 0.05) between sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns was found with a greater proportion of hyperdivergent skeletal pattern in Class II malocclusion using three parameters to assess the vertical pattern, and there was more prevalent hypodivergence in Class III malocclusion, considering ANB and App-Bpp measurements. Subjects with hyperdivergent skeletal pattern (odds ratio [OR]=1.85-3.65), maxillary prognathism (OR=2.67-24.88) and mandibular retrognathism (OR=2.57-22.65) had a significantly (p< 0.05) greater chance of developing skeletal Class II malocclusion. Meanwhile, subjects with maxillary retrognathism (OR=2.76-100.59) and mandibular prognathism (OR=5.92-21.50) had a significantly (p< 0.05) greater chance of developing skeletal Class III malocclusion. Conclusions: A relationship was found between Class II and Class III malocclusion with the vertical skeletal pattern. There is a tendency toward skeletal compensation with both vertical and sagittal malocclusions.

scholarly journals Management of an Adult with Spaced Dentition, Class III Malocclusion and Open-bite Tendency

2011 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 121-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demet Kaya ◽  
Tulin Ugur Taner
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Class Iii Malocclusion ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Old Adult ◽  
Facial Pattern ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Tongue Thrust

ABSTRACTThe aim of this case report was to present the orthodontic treatment of an adult with spaced dentition, Class III malocclusion, and open-bite tendency. A 28.4-year-old adult woman was concerned about the unesthetic appearance of her spaced dentition localized at both upper and lower arches while smiling. She had a mild tongue thrust, hypertropic upper frenum, and mild speech difficulty while pronouncing “s”. Her profile was straight with prominent lips. Molar relationship was Class III on both sides. Anterior teeth were in an end-to-end relationship. Lower dental midline was deviated to the left side. Cephalometric analysis revealed a skeletal Class III relationship with hyperdivergent facial pattern. The treatment plan included myotherapeutic exercises for the tongue thrust habit and a diagnostic set-up for closure of diastemas. A strict retention protocol was followed combined with gingivoplasty, fiberotomy, and frenectomy procedures. All spaces were closed successfully, adequate overbite and overjet relationships were obtained, and tongue thrust habit and speech difficulty while pronouncing “s” were eliminated. Clinical and cephalometric results indicated the maintenance of the treatment outcome at 6-months post-retention period. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:121-129)

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