scholarly journals The postcolonial migration state

2021 ◽  
pp. 135406612110001
Author(s):  
Kamal Sadiq ◽  
Gerasimos Tsourapas
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Global South ◽  
Mobility Control ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Critical Scholarship ◽  
Postcolonial State ◽  
Migration Management ◽  
Citizenship Norms ◽  
The Impact

The evolution of migration policymaking across the Global South is of growing interest to International Relations. Yet, the impact of colonial and imperial legacies on states’ migration management regimes outside Europe and North America remains under-theorised. How does postcolonial state formation shape policies of cross-border mobility management in the Global South? By bringing James F. Hollifield’s framework of the contemporary ‘migration state’ in conversation with critical scholarship on postcolonialism, we identify the existence of a ‘postcolonial paradox,’ namely two sets of tensions faced by newly independent states of the Global South: first, the need to construct a modern sovereign nation-state with a well-defined national identity contrasts with weak institutional capacity to do so; second, territorial realities of sovereignty conflict with the imperatives of nation-building seeking to establish exclusive citizenship norms towards populations residing both inside and outside the boundaries of the postcolonial state. We argue that the use of cross-border mobility control policies to reconcile such tensions transforms the ‘postcolonial state’ into the ‘postcolonial migration state,’ which shows distinct continuities with pre-independence practices. In fact, postcolonial migration states reproduce colonial-era tropes via the surveillance and control of segmented migration streams that redistribute labour for the global economy. We demonstrate this via a comparative study of post-independence migration management in India and Egypt, which also aims to merge a problematic regional divide between scholarship on the Middle East and South Asia. We urge further critical interventions on the international politics of migration that prioritise interregional perspectives from the broader Global South.

scholarly journals The Migration State in the Global South: Nationalizing, Developmental, and Neoliberal Models of Migration Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 853-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona B. Adamson ◽  
Gerasimos Tsourapas
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Global South ◽  
Current Version ◽  
Liberal Democracies ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Migration Management ◽  
Migration Research ◽  
Management Regimes ◽  
Global North ◽  
Management Policies

How do states in the Global South manage cross-border migration? This article identifies Hollifield’s “migration state” as a useful tool for comparative analysis yet notes that in its current version the concept is limited, given its focus on economic immigration in advanced liberal democracies. We suggest a framework for extending the “migration state” concept by introducing a typology of nationalizing, developmental, and neoliberal migration management regimes. The article explains each type and provides illustrative examples drawn from a range of case studies. To conclude, it discusses the implications of this analysis for comparative migration research, including the additional light it sheds on the migration management policies of states in the Global North.

scholarly journals KIRAN DESAI’S NOVEL, THE INHERITANCE OF LOSS, A RICH PROJECTION TO THE POSTCOLONIAL PANORAMA IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
MS. J. LAXMEE KANTAMMA
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
General Concept ◽  
First Century ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
The West ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Award Winning ◽  
The Impact

The present paper aims to bring forth the perception of the world in the postcolonial period in Kiran Desai’s Award winning novel, The Inheritance of Loss. The euphoria of liberalization and celebration of globalization have been skillfully denuded by Kiran Desai in her work. She demonstrated that though the advancement of technology professed to create wealth and well-being in integrating the cultural diversities, the fact is that there is a darker side where innumerable people are deprived of their basic human rights. Desai’s motive in writing The Inheritance of loss was to look beyond the general concept of globalization. With her optimism Desai finds the other disordered side of global economy, which are less discussed. In the background of colonial neurosis and multiculturalism, Kiran Desai explores the impact of globalization expressed in terms of financial security in alien lands, racial discrimination, bitterness of immigration, complexity of the high society and disenchantment borrowed out of the opulence of the West in the post-colonial era.  

A framework for analysing cross-border climate change impacts, responses and their propagation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy R. Carter ◽  
Magnus Benzie ◽  
Emanuele Campiglio ◽  
Henrik Carlsen ◽  
Stefan Fronzek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Transmission System ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The Impact

<p>Most studies of climate change impacts, adaptation and vulnerability confine their attention to impacts and responses within the same geographical region. However, cross-border climate change impacts that occur remotely from the location of their initial impact can severely disrupt societies and livelihoods (Benzie et al., 2019; Carter et al., under review). In this paper we present a conceptual framework and accompanying terminology for describing and analysing such cross-border impacts. The conceptual framework distinguishes an initial impact that is caused by a climate trigger within a specific region. Downstream consequences of that impact propagate through an impact transmission system while adaptation responses to deal with the impact are propagated through a response transmission system.</p><p>The framework recognises and classifies differences in the types of climate trigger, categories of cross-border impacts, scales and dynamics of impact transmission, targets and dynamics of responses and the socio-economic and environmental context. We will demonstrate how the framework can be applied using  historical examples of cross-border impacts (e.g. the severe 2011 floods that affected industrial production in Thailand, propagating through the global economy) as well as prospective cases (e.g. multiple cross-border risks and opportunities presented by Arctic sea ice decline).</p><p>We argue that the framework provides a simple, but flexible, structure to describe and analyse cross-border climate impacts and their consequences. It offers a foundation for consistent comparisons of different patterns of cross-border impacts in different sectors and geographies. It also aids understanding of adaptation strategies and their potential consequences. In particular, with systematic application of the framework it is possible to highlight gaps in our existing understanding of system dynamics, or gain new insights into particular leverage points within the system. These can be targeted in order to find ways of building resilience to climate change in the region of origin, along the impact transmission system and in the recipient region exposed to the propagated risk.</p><p>Acknowledgement</p><p>This work is being undertaken as part of the European Commission Horizon 2020-funded project CASCADES (Cascading climate risks: Towards adaptive and resilient European Societies).</p><p>References</p><p>Benzie M, Carter TR, Carlsen H, Taylor R (2019) Cross-border climate change impacts: implications for the European Union. <em>Regional Environmental Change</em> 19: 763-776, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-018-1436-1.</p><p>Carter TR, Benzie M, Campiglio E, Carlsen H, Fronzek S, Hildén M, Reyer CPO, West C (in review) A conceptual framework for cross-border impacts of climate change.</p>

scholarly journals On Being Stuck in Bengal: Immobility in the ‘age of migration’

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOYA CHATTERJI
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Unusual Behaviour ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The Impact

AbstractImmobility raises awkward questions for theorists of migration. From their standpoint, migration is unusual behaviour that requires explanation. Its obverse—staying in place—is seen as an ‘obvious’ state of affairs that calls for no explanation. Yet assumptions about the ordinariness of immobility are insecure. For one thing, we know a great deal more about the mobile societies of early modern Asia; for another, Asian mobility in the era of high imperialism is much better understood. Yet despite these cumulative gains in our understanding of the scale of mobility in early-modern and modern Asia, and its acceleration in ‘the age of migration’, immobility continues to be seen as the ‘obvious’ state of affairs. This article suggests some preliminary answers to ‘the immobility paradox’, based on a study of the greater Bengal region. By analysing the impact of the intensifying links, in the late colonial era, between Bengal and the global economy, it shows that this varied widely for different people, in ways that had a profound bearing on their capacity to move. The article develops the notion of ‘deficits’ which worked to inhibit the mobility of particular groups and individuals. Physical frailty and obligations of care, it shows, were crucial factors in shaping immobility. Relations of gender and generation, and the inequalities embedded in these relations, produced ‘overabundances’—of obligations to people and places—that tied certain people down. Finally, it hints at the reasons why, and the ways in which, stayers-on have grown poorer.

scholarly journals The Crypto Effect on Cross Border Transfers and Future Trends of Cryptocurrencies

e-Finanse ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
Burak Uyduran
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Money Transfers ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper presents a theoretical and empirical outlook on different aspects of various cryptocurrencies, blockchain technology including the evolution of digital tokens and how they widely affect the financial markets, organizations, banks, governments via analyzing the characteristics and current history of cryptocurrencies alongside with blockchain technology. The choice of this topic was motivated by the fact that the virtual money concept and blockchain technology are utterly new phenomena. This new technology is completely decentralized making the subject worthy of scientific research.The paper solely focuses on analyzing how cryptocurrencies currently affect the financial markets and the future trends of these virtual tokens in the global economy. The study is keen to further examine the impact of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies on international fund transfers. Literature review and case study with up-to-date data has been included in the analysis. The following results have been obtained: cryptocurrencies offer a wide range of features such as faster, cheaper and more secure cross-border money transfers that can also provide anonymity. Most crypto tokens are highly volatile due to their nature and various other factors. Cryptocurrencies could provide more beneficial options for users on cross border transfers compared to traditional methods of fund transfers. Cryptocurrencies might have the potential to replace paper money and gain mainstream recognition throughout the world. The study sheds light onto current and future trends of cryptocurrencies and blockchain. It is outlined for the crypto, financial, economic field.

scholarly journals The Migration State in the Global South: Nationalizing, Developmental, and Neoliberal Models of Migration Management

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Adamson ◽  
Gerasimos Tsourapas
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Global South ◽  
Current Version ◽  
Liberal Democracies ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Migration Management ◽  
Migration Research ◽  
Management Regimes ◽  
Global North ◽  
Management Policies

How do states in the Global South manage cross-border migration? This article identifies Hollifield’s “migration state” as a useful tool for comparative analysis yet notes that in its current version the concept is limited, given its focus on economic immigration in advanced liberal democracies. We suggest a framework for extending the “migration state” concept by introducing a typology of nationalizing, developmental, and neoliberal migration management regimes. The article explains each type and provides illustrative examples drawn from a range of case studies. To conclude, it discusses the implications of this analysis for comparative migration research, including the additional light it sheds on the migration management policies of states in the Global North.

scholarly journals The Impact Of Digital Economy On International Trade

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikrom Ahmedov
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
Digital Commerce ◽  
Internal Operations ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact

This article explores the role of digitalization and related technologies in today's international trade. The global economy and digitalization in international trade are growing at a rapid pace and the digital space is becoming a key area for global trade. The impact of digitalization on international trade, the impact of changes in the structure and form of international trade, the intensification of global competition and its transition to the intangible sector; the emergence of new formats and opportunities for international business through digitization, the expansion of cross-border commerce and invisible employment, and the reduction of cross-border and internal operations in a globalized digital environment; Factors such as the rapid growth of digital commerce with companies, businesses and households, the emergence of new generation science related to the regulation of commercial relations in the transboundary virtual space, the emergence of new changes in international trade regulation have been explored. Keywords: digital economy, digitalization, globalization, international trade, technology, supply chain, transformation, regulation, data flow, cross-border trade.

Forecasting US movies box office performances in Turkey using machine learning algorithms

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 6579-6590
Author(s):  
Sandy Çağlıyor ◽  
Başar Öztayşi ◽  
Selime Sezgin
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Box Office ◽  
Industry Forecast ◽  
The Impact

The motion picture industry is one of the largest industries worldwide and has significant importance in the global economy. Considering the high stakes and high risks in the industry, forecast models and decision support systems are gaining importance. Several attempts have been made to estimate the theatrical performance of a movie before or at the early stages of its release. Nevertheless, these models are mostly used for predicting domestic performances and the industry still struggles to predict box office performances in overseas markets. In this study, the aim is to design a forecast model using different machine learning algorithms to estimate the theatrical success of US movies in Turkey. From various sources, a dataset of 1559 movies is constructed. Firstly, independent variables are grouped as pre-release, distributor type, and international distribution based on their characteristic. The number of attendances is discretized into three classes. Four popular machine learning algorithms, artificial neural networks, decision tree regression and gradient boosting tree and random forest are employed, and the impact of each group is observed by compared by the performance models. Then the number of target classes is increased into five and eight and results are compared with the previously developed models in the literature.

International trade: Research of the reasons for the fall

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Nazarov ◽  
S. S. Lazaryan ◽  
I. V. Nikonov ◽  
A. I. Votinov
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Negative Contribution ◽  
Basic Commodity ◽  
The Impact

The article assesses the impact of various factors on the growth rate of international trade. Many experts interpreted the cross-border flows of goods decline against the backdrop of a growing global economy as an alarming sign that indicates a slowdown in the processes of globalization. To determine the reasons for the dynamics of international trade, the decompositions of its growth rate were carried out and allowed to single out the effect of the dollar exchange rate, the commodities prices and global value chains on the change in the volume of trade. As a result, it was discovered that the most part of the dynamics of international trade is due to fluctuations in the exchange rate of the dollar and prices for basic commodity groups. The negative contribution of trade within global value chains in 2014 was also revealed. During the investigated period (2000—2014), such a picture was observed only in the crisis periods, which may indicate the beginning of structural changes in the world trade.

Structural Modeling of Institute of Entrepreneurship in Russia

2019 ◽  
pp. 34-48
Author(s):  
Svetlana L. Sazanova
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Structural Modeling ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Pattern Modeling ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Entrepreneurship plays an important role in the modern global economy; the share of products of small and medium enterprises in the gross product and exports not only of the developed but also of developing countries is growing. Innovation processes cover all sectors of the economy, and more and more people are involved in entrepreneurial activity, which contributes to the penetration of entrepreneurial thinking and business values in all areas of the socioeconomic life of society. The Institute of Entrepreneurship plays an increasingly prominent role in the institutional environment of socio-economic systems. This actualizes the problem of studying the relationship of the institution of entrepreneurship with the institutions of law, culture, management. This requires a methodology that allows you to explore the impact on the institute of entrepreneurship not only economic, but also non-economic factors. The methodology of the “old” institutionalism possesses such a tool, it is structural modeling (pattern modeling), which allows to explore the diversity of interrelationships of the institution of entrepreneurship with other components of the institutional and economic environment. The article explored the features of the development of the institution of entrepreneurship in Russia, established the relationship between the institution of entrepreneurship, values, motives and incentives for entrepreneurial activity, built a structural model of the institution of entrepreneurship based on the methodology of the old institutionalism (pattern modeling). The structural model of the institution of entrepreneurship reveals the relationship between the institution of entrepreneurship, the values of entrepreneurial activity, its motives and incentives; as well as the relationship between the institution of entrepreneurship with the institutions of governance, cultural and religious institutions, legal institutions and society.

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