Addressing Black Infant Mortality Through Harnessing the Power of Community

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483992110622
Author(s):  
Francoise Knox-Kazimierczuk ◽  
Deepika Andavarapu ◽  
Meredith Shockley-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
World Health ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Structural Racism ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Black Infant ◽  
Hamilton County

In Hamilton County, Ohio, the infant mortality rate is above the national average and the Black infant mortality rate is more than 3 times the white infant mortality rate. These racial disparities in infant mortality cannot be explained through other socio-economic characteristics like education, income, housing, or medical insurance. Research has shown that racism, not race itself, is the driving force behind the high disparity in infant mortality rates in Hamilton County and the nation as well. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Institute of Medicine have long cited institutional/structural racism and cultural racism as a key factor in health disparity. A paradigm shift needed to occur to address the consequences of racism within the lives of Black women, namely disempowerment and agency. The Commission on Social Determinants of Health (CSDH) model was which engaged Black women and positioned them as an asset, to share in the process of strategizing, creating, and implementing a plan. Queens Village was founded to implement the CSDH model and address the upstream determinants of infant mortality through cultivating a sense of community.

scholarly journals "CHRONIC SORROW THEORY APPLICATION" TO OVERCOME THE FEELING OF LOSS DUE TO INFANT MORTALITY IN POST-PARTUM WOMEN

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dedeh Sri Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chronic Sorrow ◽  
The World ◽  
Theory Application ◽  
Health Organization

Data from the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2012 stated that 44% of infant deaths in the world occurred in the first 28 days of life (neonatal period). The research results of the Central Statistics Agency (CSA) in 2016 noted that the infant mortality rate (IMR) reached 25.5%, West Java Province was one of the contributors to the highest maternal mortality rate (MMR) and infant mortality rate (IMR). Infant mortality inside the womb or outside the womb triggers grief and deep sorrow that is at risk of progressive, repetitive and permanent in women. Nurses in the maternity area play an important role in overcoming the problem of loss through various approaches to either theory or intervention. The purpose of this study was to determine the application of chronic sorrow theory in post-partum women whose babies were dead at Sariningsih Hospital Bandung. Method: This research was qualitative research. Participants were 5 people selected using purposive sampling techniques. Data collection was done by interviewing using a guide from the Burke / Eakes Chronic Sorrow Assessment Tool. Results: It was identified that women's opinions about the causes of infant mortalities were planned (abortion) and unplanned. Participants had effective coping strategies in dealing with their loss such as social support, and spiritual beliefs for comfort. Conclusion: participants felt the effectiveness of the chronic sorrow theory to overcome infant loss.Keywords: chronic sorrow theory application, loss, post-partum women, Qualitative.

scholarly journals The comparing of infant mortality rate in different World Health Organization regions during 1990–2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Firooz Esmaeilzadeh ◽  
Yousef Alimohamadi ◽  
Mojtaba Sepandi ◽  
Farzad Khodamoradi ◽  
Parisa Jalali
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Health Situation ◽  
Community Health Status

Abstract Background Infant mortality rate is an important index of community health status and mortality rate. It is also one of the most prominent indexes showing the development of various societies. Regarding the importance of infant mortality rate (IMR), the purpose of current study was to compare and trend analysis of IMR in different areas of the WHO during 1990–2017. In current ecological study, IMR per 1000 live births in different WHO regions from 1990 to 2017 data were derived from the WHO website. The required information included the data about IMR per 1000 live births in different WHO regions from 1990 to 2017. The analysis was performed by using descriptive and analytical methods. Results The IMR during the study period had a significant decreasing trend in all the regions (p < 0.001) but the slope of decrease was greater in Africa than in other regions. The African and European regions had the highest (55.7%) and lowest (17.2%) annual decrease in the infant mortality rate (from 106.3 cases in 1990 to 50.6 in 2017, and from 24.9 in 1990 to 7.7 in 2017), respectively. Conclusion Our results showed that the trend of IMR had a decreasing trend in all WHO regions. It can be due to improving the public health situation in different areas. But the identification of effective factors on IMR needs individuals based studies.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic, urban‐rural and sex‐based inequality in infant mortality rate: evidence from 2013 Yemen demographic and health survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Betregiorgis Zegeye ◽  
Gebretsadik Shibre ◽  
Jemal Haidar ◽  
Gorems Lemma
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Health Equity ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
World Health ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Urban Rural

Abstract Background The occurrence of Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) varied globally with most of the cases coming from developing countries including Yemen. The disparity in IMR in Yemen however, has not been well dealt and therefore we examined the IMR inequality based on the most reliable methodology in order to generate evidence-based information for some program initiatives in Yemen. Methods Based on the World Health Organization (WHO) Health Equity Assessment Toolkit (HEAT) software, we analyzed the inequality across the different inequality dimensions in Yemen. The toolkit analyzes data stored in the WHO health equity monitor database. Simple and complex, and absolute and relative measures of inequality were calculated for the four dimensions of inequality (subpopulations) which included wealth, education, sex and residence. We computed a 95 % CI to assess statistical significance. Results The analysis included 31, 743 infants. Absolute and relative wealth-driven, education, urban-rural and sex-based inequalities were found in IMR. Higher concentration of IMR was observed among infants from the poorest/poor households (ACI=-4.68, 95 % CI; -6.57, -2.79, R = 1.61, 95 % CI; 1.18, 2.03), rural residents (D = 15.07, 95 % CI; 8.04, 22.09, PAF=-23.57, 95 % CI; -25.47, -21.68), mothers who had no formal education (ACI=-2.16, 95 % CI; -3.79, -0.54) and had male infants (PAF= -3.66, 95 % CI; -4.86, -2.45). Conclusions Higher concentration of IMR was observed among male infants from disadvantaged subpopulations such as poorest/poor, uneducated and rural residents. To eliminate the observed inequalities, interventions are needed to target the poorest/poor households, rural residents, mothers with no formal education and male infants.

ASUHAN KEBIDANAN BAYI BARU LAHIR PADA BAYI NY. S USIA 1 HARI DENGAN CAPUT SUCCEDANEUM DI RUMAH SAKIT ELISABETH LUBUK BAJA BATAM DESEMBER TAHUN 2018

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Putri Miseri Cordias Domini Hulu ◽  
Oktafiana Manurung
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Health Organization

According to Word Health Organization (WHO) data, infant mortality caused by Succedaneum Caput infection decreased by 0.05% from 4 million infants who died at 30 days (advanced neonatal). While in Indonesia the infant mortality rate due to infection of Caput succedaneum in 2013 amounted to 11% from 35 per 1000 live births. Goals: To have real experience in implementing Care of Newborn Gynecology Born on By. Mrs. S age of 1 day with Caput Succedaneum at Santa Elisabeth Lubuk Baja Batam Hospital in 2017. Method: Based on a case study on By. Mrs. S, the method uses Varney Midwifery Management approach, for data collection that is primary data consisting of physical examination include examination of caput extension, general condition, vital signs, and anthropometry. Result: Based on By case. Mrs. S with Caput Succedaneum performed handling and treatment for 4 days at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Batam. After the treatment of Caput Succedaneum and giving 20 gram Trombophop gel therapy, the baby's condition has improved and the caput problem has been resolved. Conclusion: Based on By case. Mrs. S after the management of Succedaneum Caput and minimize the removal of baby's head, the baby's condition has improved.

scholarly journals Studi Kematian Ibu dan Kematian Bayi di Provinsi Sumatera Barat: Faktor Determinan dan Masalahnya

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
Ulvi Mariati ◽  
Z Agus ◽  
D Sulin ◽  
Masrul Masrul ◽  
Z Amri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
World Health ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Maternal Mortality Rate ◽  
Exact Number ◽  
Year 2000

Salah satu tujuan yang hendak dicapai oleh World Health Organization pada tahun 2000 adalah health for all by year 2000. Beberapa indikator digunakan untuk mengukur pencapaian tersebut, diantaranya angka kematian bayi (AKB) dan angka kematian ibu (AKI). Dinas Kesehatan Sumatera Barat telah berhasil menurunkan AKB dan AKI selama 5 tahun terakhir, akan tetapi angka-angka tersebut tidak menggambarkan angka yang sebenarnya karena hanya diperoleh berdasarkan prediksi perhitungan statistik kependudukan. Angka tersebut juga tidak dapat memperlihatkan disparitas antarwilayah dan kelompok sosial ekonomi di Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan AKB dan AKI yang tepat serta mengetahuifaktor determinan dan permasalahannya di Sumatera Barat pada tahun 2007. Desain penelitian adalah Direct Household Survey Method dengan pendekatan prospektif. Penelitian dilakukan di 19 kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Barat dari tanggal 1 Januari sampai 31 Desember 2007. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan AKB dan AKI Sumatera Barat tahun 2007 berkisar 28,4 per 1.000 kelahiran hidup dan 211,9 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup. Asfiksia dan perdarahan postpartum merupakan penyebab kematian utama ibu dan bayi. Dinas Kesehatan Sumatera Barat dan pemerintahannya harus mempunyai komitmen yang kuat untuk membangun jaringan kerja yang efektif untuk menurunkan AKB dan AKI di Sumatera Barat.Kata kunci: Angka kematian bayi, angka kematian ibu, asfiksia, postpartumAbstractOne of the main goals that WHO wants to reach in 2000 is Health for All Year 2000. Some of indicators have been using to measure the goals, such as infant mortality rate (IMR) and maternal mortality rate (MMR). West Sumatera Health Office had been successed reducing IMR and MMR for over 5 years, but the score was not mentioned the exact number becausethis measurement just using national statistic measurement. It also could not describe the disparity between the area and sosial group in West Sumatera. This research aim is to get the exact number of IMR and MMR, determinat factors and its problems in West Sumatera in 2007. The study desain was Direct Household Survey Method with prospective approach. The research was done in 19 different government district in West Sumatera from January 1st until December 31st 2007. Result of this research found IMR and MMR of West Sumatera in 2007 is 28,4 per 1.000 birth life and 211,9 per 100.000 birth life. Asphyxia and postpartum bleeding is the main cause of infant and maternal death. West Sumatera Health Office and its government should have a strong commitment to build effective networking to reduce IMR and MMR in West Sumatera.Key words: Infant mortality rate, maternal mortality rate, asphyxia, postpartum

Perbandingan Linieritas Dalam Pendeteksian Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Angka Kematian Bayi Di Provinsi Aceh

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Desfira Ahya ◽  
Inas Salsabila ◽  
Miftahuddin
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Penalized Spline ◽  
Aceh Province

Angka Kematian Bayi/ Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) merupakan indikator penting dalam mengukur keberhasilan pengembangan kesehatan. Nilai IMR juga dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesehatan ibu, kondisi kesehatan lingkungan dan secara umum, tingkat pengembangan sosio-ekonomi masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh model IMR terbaik menggunakan tiga pendekatan: Model Linear, Model Linear Tergeneralisir dan Model Aditif Tergeneralisir dengan basis P-spline. Sebagai tambahan, berdasarkan model tersebut akan terlihat variabel yang mempengaruhi tingkat kematian bayi di provinsi Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan data jumlah kematian bayi di tahun 2013-2015. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari Profil Kesehatan Aceh. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa model terbaik dalam menjelaskan angka kematian bayi di provinsi Aceh tahun 2013-2015 ialah Model Linear Tergeneralisir dengan basis P-spline menggunakan parameter penghalusan 100 dan titik knots 8. Faktor yang sangat mempengaruhi angka kematian ialah jumlah pekerja yang sehat.   Infant mortality rate (IMR) is an important indicator in measuring the success of health development. IMR also can be used to knowing the level of maternal health, environmental health conditions and generally the level of socio-economic development in community. This research aims to get the best model of infant mortality data using three approaches: Linear Model, Generalized Linear Model and Generalized Additive Model with Penalized Spline (P-spline) base. In addition, based on the model can be seen the variables that affect to infant mortality in Aceh Province. This research uses data number of infant mortality in Aceh Province period 2013-2015. The data in this research were obtained from Aceh’s Health Profile. The results show that the best model can be explain infant mortality rate in Aceh Province period 2013-2015 is GAM model with P-spline base using smoothing parameter 100 and knots 8. Factor that high effect to infant mortality is number of health workers.

Empirical analysis of factors influencing the public health expenditure in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Kok Wooi Yap ◽  
Doris Padmini Selvaratnam
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Public Health Expenditure ◽  
The Public ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Per Capita

This study aims to investigate the determinants of public health expenditure in Malaysia. An Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach proposed by Pesaran & Shin (1999) and Pesaran et al. (2001) is applied to analyse annual time series data during the period from 1970 to 2017. The study focused on four explanatory variables, namely per capita gross domestic product (GDP), healthcare price index, population aged 65 years and above, as well as infant mortality rate. The bounds test results showed that the public health expenditure and its determinants are cointegrated. The empirical results revealed that the elasticity of government health expenditure with respect to national income is less than unity, indicating that public health expenditure in Malaysia is a necessity good and thus the Wagner’s law does not exist to explain the relationship between public health expenditure and economic growth in Malaysia. In the long run, per capita GDP, healthcare price index, population aged more than 65 years, and infant mortality rate are the important variables in explaining the behaviour of public health expenditure in Malaysia. The empirical results also prove that infant mortality rate is significant in influencing public health spending in the short run. It is noted that macroeconomic and health status factors assume an important role in determining the public health expenditure in Malaysia and thus government policies and strategies should be made by taking into account of these aspects.

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