Preparation and characterization of solution spinning of protein/cellulose fiber: A new flame-retardant grade

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou Zhao ◽  
Weiren Bao ◽  
Youbo Di ◽  
Jinming Dai
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Major Product ◽  
Viscose Fiber ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Solution Spinning ◽  
Warmth Retention

A new flame-retardant protein viscose fiber with safely wearing performance has been prepared through blending protein solution, flame retardant (hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene) and viscose spinning solution, in which wool protein was used and added to spinning solution on the basis of 16% flame retardant, and the properties of the fiber were investigated. The product has more compact structure inside the fiber and evenly scattered small pores on the surface. Flame-retardant protein viscose fiber can reach the flame-retardant standard both before and after 30 times wash test, and the mechanical strength of the fiber was also improved. The introduction of hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene lowered the primary decomposition temperature of viscose fiber, reduced its weight loss. The flame-retardancy of the fiber can be improved by the introduction of protein. In thermal processes, the major product of thermal decomposition was CO2, no hazardous and noxious gases were released. Due to the introduction of protein, moisture regain of the fiber is a little lower than that of viscose fiber, but higher than flame-retardant viscose fiber. Warmth retention property was also improved. Friction coefficient of the product is lower than that of flame-retardant viscose fiber. Bulking intensity was increased, which is better than that of viscose fiber.

Characterization of flame-retardant performance of polyester/flame-retardant viscose blended yarn

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 1304-1316
Author(s):  
Zhou Zhao ◽  
Youbo Di ◽  
Libin Gao ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Xing Wu
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Major Product ◽  
Viscose Fiber ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Spun Yarn ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Core Yarn

In this paper, a flame-retardant blend yarn was designed with flame-retardant viscose fiber and polyester. Flame-retardant viscose fiber was blended with polyester by core-spun method. Polyester was set as a core and the flame-retardant viscose fiber was set as a sheath to change the flame retardancy and disadvantage of moisture permeability. After the flame-retardant viscose fiber was spun into roving, polyester was added in spun yarn. The core yarn samples with different ratios were prepared by adjusting the amount of flame-retardant viscose fiber. The flame retardancy of core-spun yarn was evaluated by limiting oxygen index, scanning electron microscope, thermogravimetric analysis, and thermogravimetric/Fourier transform infrared techniques. Limiting oxygen index of the yarn with 50% flame-retardant viscose fiber and 50% polyester was 27.6% and just decreased slightly to 27.1% after 30 washing cycles. Polyester begins to melt from inside core-spun yarn after heating and the molten polyester flows to outer layer of yarns by the diversion effect of higher temperature. Then it was carbonized by the polymetaphosphate which was generated by the flame-retardant viscose fiber. In thermal processes, the major product of thermal decomposition was CO2.

Preparation and Characterization of Flame-Retardant Viscose Fiber Treated with TAECTP

2014 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenfeng Lv ◽  
Qingshan Li ◽  
Zhou Zhao ◽  
Youbo Di ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Viscose Fiber

Preparation and Characterization of Cyanoethylated Cellulose Fiber

2012 ◽  
Vol 549 ◽  
pp. 344-348
Author(s):  
Hui Juan Xiu ◽  
Qing Han ◽  
Ru Zhang ◽  
Li Hui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Scanning Electron

Natural fibers possess many good characteristics, such as abundance, low cost, renewable, biodegradability and photo-degradability that made it a hot spot in exploiting current resources. Chemical modification is a new way to make efficient use of forestry and farming waste natural fiber resources. In this work, softwood fibers were modified by cyanoethylation with acrylonitrile. The influence of acrylonitrile dosage, reaction time, reaction temperature and the time immersed in sodium hydroxide solution with KSCN saturated on cyanoethylation were investigated. Fibers chemical structure and surface morphology before and after modification were characterized by FTIR and scanning electron microscope separately.

Preparation and characterization of collagencoclotriphosphazene and its action in flame-retardant viscose fiber

2019 ◽  
Vol 198 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
Zhao Zhou ◽  
Di Youbo ◽  
Wei Hong ◽  
Wang Wei ◽  
Gao Libin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Viscose Fiber

An Electron Microscope Study of Interdiffusion and Compound Formation in Ta-Au Thin Films

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 32-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Tisone ◽  
S. Lau
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Thermally Grown Oxide ◽  
Ion Milling ◽  
Compound Formation ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Au Thin Films

In a study of the properties of a Ta-Au metallization system for thin film technology application, the interdiffusion between Ta(bcc)-Au, βTa-Au and Ta2M-Au films was studied. Considered here is a discussion of the use of the transmission electron microscope(TEM) in the identification of phases formed and characterization of the film microstructures before and after annealing.The films were deposited by sputtering onto silicon wafers with 5000 Å of thermally grown oxide. The film thicknesses were 2000 Å of Ta and 2000 Å of Au. Samples for TEM observation were prepared by ultrasonically cutting 3mm disks from the wafers. The disks were first chemically etched from the silicon side using a HNO3 :HF(19:5) solution followed by ion milling to perforation of the Au side.

Preparation and Characterization of Soybean Oil-based Flame Retardant Rigid Polyurethane Foams Containing Phosphaphenanthrene Groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 760-771
Author(s):  
Qirui Gong ◽  
Niangui Wang ◽  
Kaibo Zhang ◽  
Shizhao Huang ◽  
Yuhan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Degradation Activation Energy ◽  
Ft Ir

A phosphaphenanthrene groups containing soybean oil based polyol (DSBP) was synthesized by epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) and 9,10-dihydro-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO). Soybean oil based polyol (HSBP) was synthesized by ESO and H2O. The chemical structure of DSBP and HSBP were characterized with FT-IR and 1H NMR. The corresponding rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) were prepared by mixing DSBP with HSBP. The results revealed apparent density and compression strength of RPUFs decreased with increasing the DSBP content. The cell structure of RPUFs was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) which displayed the cells as spherical or polyhedral. The thermal degradation and flame retardancy of RPUFs were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, limiting oxygen index (LOI), and UL 94 vertical burning test. The degradation activation energy (Ea) of first degradation stage reduced from 80.05 kJ/mol to 37.84 kJ/mol with 80 wt% DSBP. The RUPF with 80 wt% DSBP achieved UL94 V-0 rating and LOI 28.3. The results showed that the flame retardant effect was mainly in both gas phase and condensed phase.

Synthesis and characterization of flame-retardant-wrapped carbon nanotubes and its flame retardancy in epoxy nanocomposites

2021 ◽  
pp. 096739112110245
Author(s):  
Jiangbo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Total Heat Release ◽  
Pristine Cnts ◽  
Peak Heat Release Rate ◽  
Ep Matrix ◽  
Better Than

A novel phosphorus-silicon containing flame-retardant DOPO-V-PA was used to wrap carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The results of FTIR, XPS, TEM and TGA measurements exhibited that DOPO-V-PA has been successfully grafted onto the surfaces of CNTs, and the CNTs-DOPO-V-PA was obtained. The CNTs-DOPO-V-PA was subsequently incorporated into epoxy resin (EP) for improving the flame retardancy and dispersion. Compared with pure EP, the addition of 2 wt% CNTs-DOPO-V-PA into the EP matrix could achieve better flame retardancy of EP nanocomposites, such as a 30.5% reduction in peak heat release rate (PHRR) and 8.1% reduction in total heat release (THR). Furthermore, DMTA results clearly indicated that the dispersion for CNTs-DOPO-V-PA in EP matrix was better than pristine CNTs.

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