Environmental crimes and green criminology in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 174889582110576
Author(s):  
Sherajul Mustajib Sharif ◽  
Md. Kamal Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Environmental Crime ◽  
Political Affiliation ◽  
Green Criminology ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Qualitative Technique ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Prevention Approach ◽  
Environmental Crimes

Bangladesh is an environmentally vulnerable country, where environmental crimes are massive and common. However, the environmental crime prevention mechanism in the country is very weak, and traditional policing is utilized to stop these crimes. Therefore, the green criminological approach to prevent environmental crimes in Bangladesh is underdeveloped in many ways, with a total absence of the green policing model. Hence, this study focuses on attaining a critical understanding of environmental crimes in Bangladesh by exploring the key underlying factors of environmental crimes. It also attempts to contribute to the environmental crime prevention mechanism by recommending a green policing model, while identifying the key weaknesses of the existing environmental crime prevention approach. This article implements the qualitative technique of data collection, and the analysis is based on an in-depth interview of 25 respondents, belonging to different categories of stakeholders, and participant observation. It also analyses the content of newspapers to understand the patterns of environmental crimes in Bangladesh. This article finds that environmental crimes are propagated by several political, economic, institutional, and social elements, such as the political affiliation of criminals, economic profit from natural resources, absence of institutional collaboration, and lack of social consciousness. The issue has become further aggravated due to the weakness of the crime prevention mechanism. Thus, the findings of this study suggest that environmental crimes in Bangladesh should be considered and understood from green criminological perspectives and the development of a green policing model would be effective in reducing environmental crimes in the country.

Conservation Criminology

Criminology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Natural Resource Management ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Environmental Crime ◽  
Green Criminology ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Crime Science ◽  
Decision Sciences ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
Environmental Crimes

Environmental crimes represent a significant global problem and range from the illegal dumping of e-waste and industrial-scale negligence to wildlife crime, such as the illegal taking of flora and fauna (poaching) and the illegal trade of wildlife products (e.g., ivory). Environmental crimes can have severe and long-lasting consequences by threatening sustainability and food supplies, contaminating ecosystems, and risking the health and well-being of natural environments, wildlife, and human communities. Given the profitability of environmental crimes, this form of offending has become attractive to organized crime syndicates, leading to corruption and the removal of valuable socioeconomic resources from vulnerable communities. Until the introduction of green criminology in recent decades, environmental crimes were considered to fall under the remit of the hard sciences. Conservation criminology is a branch of green criminology. Conservation criminology is a multidisciplinary framework that draws together theories, tools, and methodological approaches from criminology, natural-resource management, and decision sciences, to (1) understand the processes that lead to environmental risk and (2) devise plans to reduce and prevent risks by effectively targeting antecedent factors. A key aim of conservation criminology is to inform evidence-based conservation policy and practice through the use of robust quantitative and qualitative data analyses. Conservation criminology addresses limitations of the broader field of green criminology, specifically its focus of economic power as the main cause of environmental crime. Conservation criminology has a more defined focus than green criminology. Further, the interdisciplinary framework of conservation criminology supports a holistic understanding of the environmental crimes that considers natural and human risk factors alongside contextual, cultural, and economic influences. From a criminological perspective, conservation criminology draws heavily on crime opportunity theories, crime prevention techniques, and analytic and methodological tools developed in crime science. While crime science perspectives play a large role in the field, conservation criminology does not advocate a particular theoretical perspective. Other criminological perspectives, including enforcement legitimacy, procedural justice, and deterrence, have also been applied to understand environmental crime and inform policy and practice. Influences from natural-resource management include the use of prevention strategies based on the precautionary principle, such as protected areas and community-based conservation, as well as an understanding of the environment as a social-ecological system comprising interactions between human and natural systems. Finally, conservation criminology draws on risk assessment, management, and communication principles from the risk and decision sciences. While the field is still in its infancy, studies in conservation criminology have grown exponentially in the early 21st century. Environmental issues of interest include wildlife poaching, illegal fishing, illicit trade in wildlife products, waste and water management, logging, and industrial noncompliance. Studies in conservation criminology assess the extent of environmental crime problems, explore situational factors that facilitate and impede opportunities for environmental crime, and investigate strategies to prevent and respond to these problems.

Unearthing Under-Governed Territory

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Stoett
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Environmental Crime ◽  
International Environmental Law ◽  
Mitigating Factor ◽  
Environmental Crimes

This chapter looks at whether and how international organizations and criminal law can help us deal effectively with transnational environmental crimes and, more broadly, with environmental insecurity and injustice. It explores the question of whether the climate change justice agenda can benefit from the expanded pursuit of transnational environmental crime. The chapter asks whether international environmental law, refurbished, act as a mitigating factor in climate change. It concludes that while current international legal instruments can help spur additional action, by themselves, they will prove inadequate. Consequently, one idea proposed is a new international environmental court to deter all forms of ecocide.

Organizing for Influence: The Relationship of Structure to Impact

1987 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
Sheila M. Neysmith
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Allocation Policy ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Policy Statements ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
External Forces ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Relationship Of

ABSTRACTThis case study is an analysis of a mandated municipal senior's group. Earlier work has suggested that variability in effectiveness is related to organizational structures, external forces and the level of institutional change sought.In this study information was obtained on the political, economic and social context within which the group operated; its organizational composition and structure; its objectives and strategies employed to achieve these; and resources available to the group. Outcome was assessed in terms of impact on programs, resource allocation, policy statements, changes in the definition of issues, and influence on decision makers. Data collection methods included non-participant observation; taped interviews with group members and leaders; key informants in the community; and content analysis of written committee documents.

scholarly journals RITUAL MAGI DALAM BUDAYA MASYARAKAT MUSLIM BANTEN

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-52
Author(s):  
Humaeni Ayatullah
Keyword(s):  
Life Style ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Research Participant ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
Important Condition ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
Muslim Society ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Depth Interview

This article discusses various magical rituals and their meaningsfor Muslim society of Banten. How the meanings and functions of rituals; what kinds of magical rituals used and practiced by Muslim society of Banten become two main focuses of this article; besides, it also tries to analyze how Muslim society of Banten understand the various magical rituals. This article is the result of a field research using ethnographical method based on anthropological perspective. To analyze the data, the researcher uses structural-functional approach. Library research, participant-observation, and depth-interview are the methods used to collectthe data. Performing various magical rituals for the practicians of magic in Banten is a very important action that must be conducted by the magicians or someone who learns magical sciences. Magical ritual becomes an important condition for the successfulness of magic. If they do not this, there is a belief that they will fail in obtaining the magical effects. Magical ritual should be also conducted in certain places and certain time withvarious magical formula and magical actions under the supervision of magicians. The use of these magical rituals becomes a portrait of the pragmatical life style of Bantenese society who still believes in magical powers.

scholarly journals PERILAKU PENCARIAN INFORMASI WANITA YANG TINGGAL DI DAERAH KUMUH DI KAMPUNG PONCOL, JAKARTA SELATAN, INDONESIA

Edulib ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fauzan Abdi ◽  
Margareta Aulia Rachman
Keyword(s):  
Information Seeking ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Information Seeking Behavior ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
The Social ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Children Education

Abstract. This research identifies the information seeking behavior of women who reside in the slum area of Kampung Poncol, Jakarta, Indonesia in the fulfillment of the triple role; those are reproductive, productive, and social. A qualitative approach with phenomenology method is used in this research while the data are collected by non-participant observation and in-depth interview with six participants. The results of this research show that the steps of information seeking behavior of those women are the initiation, selection, formulation, collection, and presentation; while the exploration step does not appear at all. Based on the role of reproduction needed by the informants in relation to their role as housewives, the information needed by the women are about the price of basic commodities, family healthcare and well-being, children education, as well as information about the flood. On the productive role, the information needed are vary among the informants depends on their occupations. While for the social role, the information needed by the informants are related to personal health, fashion, entertainment, and politics. The primary source of information is informal source those are relatives and neighbors.

scholarly journals The Main Tendencies of Criminal Law Protection of Natural Objects in the History of the Russian Laws (the Middle of the XVII to the Early XX Century)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
Galina V. Arsenyeva ◽  
◽  
Irina S. Khramova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Environmental Crime ◽  
Empirical Basis ◽  
Natural Objects ◽  
History Of ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Environmental Crimes

The article is devoted to the study of the evolution of Russian legislation on environmental crime. The empirical basis of the study was made up of legislative acts of the mid-XVII — early XX centuries. The main trends in the evolution of criminal law protection of natural objects are revealed. The authors came to the conclusion that despite a certain unsystematic and casuistic nature of the legislation establishing responsibility for environmental crimes, the provisions of legislative acts of the mid-XVII — early XX centuries served as the basis for further development of the system of environmental crimes.

scholarly journals Semiotics of Roland Barthes in Symbols Systems of Javanese Wedding Ceremony

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. p22
Author(s):  
Mohamad Jazeri ◽  
Susanto Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Instrumental Music ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Roland Barthes ◽  
Connotative Meaning ◽  
The Third ◽  
Marriage Ceremony ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Wedding Ceremony ◽  
Interactive Models

This study is aimed to explain the interpretation of symbols systems in Javanese wedding ceremony. The symbol patterns can be categorized into leaves symbols, vegetable symbols, flowers symbols, food and drinks symbols, Javanese traditional instrumental music (gending-gending), and thread of marriage processions. The data of this study were collected by in-depth interview techniques, participant observation, and documentation. The data were analyzed with the Miles and Huberman interactive models. Data analysis reveals that substantial meanings of the symbols in Javanese wedding ceremony are of advice, prayers, descriptions, parables, and responsibilities. The first, an advice for a bridge/a bridegroom is to have a well foundation, always to love each other, to become a reassuring spouse, to be considerate and think clearly, to have tender heart, and to respect their parents. The second, prayers are delivered in order that the bride and bridegroom have abundant lawful or halal fortune or wealth, have good offsprings, keep away from life barriers. The third, description means that the bridge looks like a beautiful queen and a bridegroom is associated to a handsome and dashing king. The fourth, a parable of marriage is alike to wade the ocean with big waves and storms. The fifth, a responsibility is due to a husband to make a hay or earn money and a wife to manage it then they work together to obtain the goal of marriage. The connotative meaning is flourished to become a myth that marriage ceremony is equipped with standard of symbols that will build the happy and everlasting marriage.

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