Effects of Receiving Genetic Ancestry Results on Emerging Adults’ Ethnic-Racial Identity Affirmation

2021 ◽  
pp. 216769682110208
Author(s):  
Chelsea D. Williams ◽  
Tricia Smith ◽  
Amy Adkins ◽  
Chloe J. Walker ◽  
Arlenis Santana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Racial Identity ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Genetic Ancestry ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
White Males ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Testing Condition ◽  
And Control

Ethnic-racial identity (ERI) is associated with adaptive outcomes in emerging adulthood, but more research is needed on factors that may inform ERI, such as receiving one’s genetic ancestry results. The current study examined changes in ERI using a pre-test post-test design in which 116 emerging adults 18–25 years were randomly assigned to either receiving their genetic ancestry results before the post-test (the testing condition) or after post-test (the control condition). We also tested whether ethnicity/race and gender moderated these associations. Findings indicated that male students of color (SOC) in the testing condition experienced an increase in ERI affirmation from pre-test to post-test, and male SOC in the control condition experienced a decrease in ERI affirmation from pre-test to post-test. There were no significant differences in ERI affirmation change between students in the testing condition and control condition for female SOC, White males, or White females.

scholarly journals Improving English Pronunciation Through Computer-Assisted Programs In Jordanian Universities

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Zaki Mohammad Al-Qudah
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
English Pronunciation ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of using computer- assisted programs for teaching English pronunciation on students' performance in English Language pronunciation in Jordanian universities. To achieve the purpose of the study, a pre/post-test was constructed to measure students' level in English pronunciation. The sample of the study consisted of 149 third year students; (73) male students and (76) female students from Al Zaytoonah university during the second semester of the academic year 2010/2011. The subjects of the study were distributed into two groups (experimental and control). The experimental group was trained on English pronunciation using computer-assisted program while the control group was trained using the printed material. Descriptive statistical analyses were used (means and standard deviation) for the pre and post- tests of students' English pronunciation. Comparison statistical methods were used (Two Way ANOVA) analysis of variance to make a comparison between the control and the experimental groups and gender variable (male and female). The findings of the study indicated that there were statistically significant differences in the post- test between the control and the experimental groups in favor of the experimental group, and there was no statistically significant difference in the students' performance due to gender.

Abstract WP286: Race and Gender Differences Among Patients With First or Recurrent Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary G George ◽  
Xin Tong
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Recurrent Stroke ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Black Females ◽  
White Males ◽  
Black Patients ◽  
And Gender

Introduction: Little information is known about the race and gender differences in stroke severity of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) among those presenting with and without a recurrent stroke (RS). Methods: The study is limited to white and black patients who were admitted with an AIS in the Paul Coverdell National Acute Stroke Program from 2012-2014. There were 157 967 admissions from 453 hospitals identified. After excluding those with missing NIHSS (33 017), the analysis focused on 124 950 patients. Results: The median age of blacks and females was greater than for whites and males, 74 vs 63 and 75 vs 68, respectively. RS accounted for 21.8% of AIS in white males, 21.2% in white females, 28.3% in black males, and 30.0% in black females. The median NIHSS was higher among females with initial stroke or RS stroke (4.0 vs 3.0 and 5.0 vs 4.0, respectively, p<0.0001) and higher among blacks with initial stroke or RS (4.0 vs 3.0 and 5.0 vs 4.0, respectively, p<0.0001). Overall in-hospital death was greater among whites and females compared to blacks and males (4.1% vs 2.9%, p<0.0001; 4.2% vs 3.5%, p<0.0001, respectively), and this pattern was consistent for initial AIS and RS. Use of tPA was greater among whites and males compared to blacks and females (11.6% vs 10.3%, p<0.0001; 11.5 vs 11.1%, p=0.02, respectively). This pattern was consistent for initial AIS and RS by race and for initial AIS by gender, but not for tPA for RS by gender. Females and blacks were less likely to have a mild stroke (NIHSS score 0-4) than males and whites for both initial and RS (p<0.0001). After adjusting for age, state, hospital, and year, the odds of having an NIHSS ≥5 was 16% lower among males, 36% greater among blacks, and 38% greater for those with a RS (data not shown). Conclusion: Race and gender differences on age, stroke severity, receipt of tPA, and in-hospital death among initial AIS patients persist for RS. Blacks, females, and those with a RS have more severe AIS.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness Of Web-based Curricula On Seventh Grade Mathematics Students In Jordan

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-276
Author(s):  
Wafa Muhanna
Keyword(s):  
Male Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Seventh Grade ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Performance Based Assessment ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Achievement In Mathematics ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of using web-based curricula on seventh grade students' achievement in mathematics in King Abdullah School in Irbid, Jordan. The researcher followed the equivalent pre/post T-test two group designs. To achieve the aim of the study, a pre/post-test was constructed to measure students' achievement in mathematics. The test consisted of twenty five questions on statistics and probability. The sample of the study comprised of (148) seventh grade students, they were 37 male students for the experimental group and 33 male students for the control group, while the female students for the experimental and control group were 38 and 40 respectively from King Abdullah School in Irbid during the first semester of the scholastic year 2009/2010. Descriptive statistical analyses were used (means and standard deviation) for the pre and post- tests of students' mathematical test to experimental and control groups. Comparison statistical methods were used (Two Way ANOVA) analysis of variance to make a comparison between the control and the experimental groups, gender variable (male and female), and interaction between them. The findings of the study indicated that there were statistically significant differences in the post-test between the control and the experimental groups in favor of the experimental group, and there was no statistically significant difference in the students' achievement due to gender. There was no statistically significant difference due to the interaction between gender and group. The researcher proposed some recommendations to enhance the effect of using performance-based assessment on students' language accuracy such as conducting further studies on other populations and for a longer time.

Validation of the Ohio Youth Assessment System Dispositional Tool (OYAS-DIS): An Examination of Race and Gender Differences

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-211
Author(s):  
Christina A. Campbell ◽  
Christopher D’Amato ◽  
Jordan Papp
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Juvenile Court ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Male Youth ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
White Males ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Published Research

The Ohio Youth Assessment System-Disposition Tool (OYAS-DIS) is a juvenile risk assessment that is used in numerous states and jurisdictions to assess criminogenic risk of juvenile offenders. Still, there is little published research on the predictive validity of the tool. The purpose of the current study was to examine the predictive validity of OYAS-DIS, with a specific focus on understanding prediction of recidivism across racial and gender subgroups. The sample consisted of 4,383 youth that received a court petition in a single large Midwestern county juvenile court. The findings indicated that the OYAS-DIS was a statistically significant predictor of recidivism across all racial and gender subgroups. However, there was statistically significant variation in predictive validity across subgroups. For instance, the tool was a statistically significantly better predictor of recidivism for White males as compared to Black male youth. There was also statistically significant variation in the predictive validity of certain domains (e.g., juvenile justice history) on the OYAS-DIS across racial and gender subgroups. Implications of research favor the use of the OYAS-DIS to predict recidivism for adjudicated juveniles.

scholarly journals The Effect of Using Authentic Videos on Training Center and Community Service Students' Prosodic Competence and Motivation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arab World English Journal ◽  
Ibrahim Mahmoud Bani Al-Domi
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Training Center ◽  
Visual Aids ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
King Saud University ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Effect

This study aims at investigating the effect of using authentic videos on training center and community service students' prosodic competence and motivation. Its sample consisted of 50 male students randomly chosen from Training Center and Community Service at King Saud University, Saudi Arabia, and assigned to experimental and control groups of 25 students per each. Its data were gathered within a two- month period using a pre-post-test design for equivalent groups. The researcher taught both groups deliberately using contrasting instructional approaches; the first were solely exposed to textbook content, excluding all visual aids throughout the process; whereas the second had authentic videos incorporated. As his work pressed ahead, these methodological techniques variably had a visible influence on the trainees' in-class interactivity, attentiveness, and keenness to grasp information. Accordingly, the findings show the experimental group's students bolstered their prosodic competence and motivation. To recap, the use of authentic videos in teaching and learning English has a positive effect on the said prosodic competence and motivation domains.

scholarly journals Differences in Race and Gender of 6th Grade Science Students' Endocrine System Test Scores

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-49
Author(s):  
Jonell PEDESCLEAUX ◽  
Wanda MARTINEZ ◽  
Jiangong TAN ◽  
Janet McClAIN
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Science Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Science Scores ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Gender

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese. This quantitative study measured endocrine system pre- and post-test scores of 77 sixth grade science students at a Midwestern middle school. Results indicated higher post-test science scores and differences in scores by race. It was concluded that middle school students differ in their level of understanding of life science information. 用定量研究的方法對美國中西部77名六年級科學科中學生的成績，進行先期測試和事後測試。測試結果顯示：事後測試的分值較高，而且種族之間分值差異較大。由此推斷，中學生在理解生命科學資訊水準上存有一定差異。

scholarly journals The Effect of Interactive Computer Animation and Simulation on Students’ Achievement and Motivation in Learning Electrochemistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-324
Author(s):  
N. J. Ahmad ◽  
N. Yakob ◽  
M. A. H. Bunyamin ◽  
N. Winarno ◽  
W. H. Akmal
Keyword(s):  
Computer Animation ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Abstract Concepts ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Chemistry Learning ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control

Electrochemistry is difficult to learn due to its abstract concepts involving macroscopic, microscopic, and symbolic representation levels. Studies have shown that students can visualize and improve their understanding of chemistry by using interactive computer animation and simulation. This study reports the effect of interactive computer animation and simulation module named “Interactive Electrolysis of Aqueous Solution” (IEAS) developed to aid students in learning electrolysis. A pre and post-test control quasi-experimental design was carried out to investigate the effects of the IEAS on students’ achievement and motivation in electrochemistry topics. This study involved 62 16-years-old male students from two different secondary schools. Pre and post electrochemistry achievement tests (EAT) and pre and post- Instructional Material Motivation Surveys (IMMS) were used. For EAT, using one-way ANOVA, it shows that there was a significant difference in the post-test mean score in this study on the understanding of the electrolysis concept between students in the treatment and control groups [F (1, 60) = 5.15, p <0.05]. The qualitative results also provided evidence that the students in the treatment group had a better conceptual understanding than the control group, especially at the microscopic representation level. For the IMMS test, there was a significant difference between the treatment and control groups in terms of the mean score of the post motivation IMMS test where p <0.05 in chemistry learning [F (1,59) = 266.89, p <0.05].  Thus, it can be concluded that IEAS has an impact on enhancing the students’ understanding of the electrolysis concept, and the students are more motivated to learn electrochemistry.

scholarly journals The Impact of Modifying the Junior Volleyball Dimensions Court and the Related Equipment By Applying the Concept of Human Engineering Ergonomics on the Skill Performance in Volleyball

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 386
Author(s):  
Mwafaq Abu Ahmada ◽  
Abdelsalam Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Male Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Human Engineering ◽  
Learning Program ◽  
Skill Performance ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Purposive Sample ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of modifying the dimensions of junior volleyball court and the related equipment on the skill performance in volleyball by applying the concept of human engineering ergonomics. A purposive sample of 40 male students at Al-Frair basic school was selected. The sample was divided into two groups: experimental group (20) and control group (20). The two groups implemented the suggested learning program with the experimental used the modified volleyball playground, while the control group used ordinary volleyball playground. The learning program lasted 8 weeks /3 learning sessions per week and that each learning unit lasted 45 minutes. The results showed that the performance of the experimental group was enhanced significantly compared to the control group in the post test, suggesting the impact of ergonomics in modifying the volleyball play-ground dimensions and the related equipment. The researchers recommend utilizing the modified playground as it reflects significant related skill performance for (8-10) years aged students and to apply the concept of ergonomics in the different PE sciences to modify both dimensions and the related equipment to go with the relevant age group. 

Abstract MP37: The Triglyceride to High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio, an Estimate of Insulin Resistance, is Associated with Incident Coronary Heart Disease. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Kats ◽  
Joshua W Knowles ◽  
Gerald M Reaven ◽  
A. R Sharrett ◽  
Vijay Nambi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
African American ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
African American Males ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cut Points ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
White Males ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Aric Study

Introduction: Insulin resistance (IR), a metabolic dysregulation predictive of various clinical sequelae, is reportedly associated with the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). The invasive nature of direct measures of IR limits their use in clinical practice and population research, motivating the need for a suitable tool to signal the presence of IR. Its correlation with insulin action, simplicity, and wide availability of standardization in its assay properties, promotes the ratio of fasting plasma triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). However, there is no consensus for TG/HDL-C ratio thresholds to index IR, whether the ratio relates to IR in African Americans, nor the ratio’s ability to predict coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Objectives: To: 1) optimize race and gender-specific TG/HDL-C ratio cut-points indicative of IR in white and African American males and females; 2) compare cardio-metabolic profiles of the dichotomies created by these cut-points within each race-gender subgroup; and 3) estimate associations of IR indexed by the TG/HDL-C ratio with incident CHD by race and gender. Methods: Data from 10,031 white and 3,076 African American non-diabetic participants aged 45-64 years in the population-based ARIC Study were examined. Race and gender-specific TG/HDL-C ratio cut-points with optimal performance against the upper quartile of fasting insulin were calculated at baseline (1987-1989) using Youden indices. Cardio-metabolic profiles were compared by IR categories in each race-gender subgroup. Competing risk (of death) Cox models, adjusted for age, hypertension, cigarette smoking, BMI, and LDL-C, were fit by race and gender to quantify the risk of incident CHD events by 2012 independently attributed to IR. Incident CHD events were ascertained from cohort examinations, follow-up of hospital admissions and fatal events records, and classified according to a standardized protocol. Results: A total of 1,886 (18%) and 429 (14%) validated CHD events accrued by 2012 in whites and African Americans, respectively. Optimized values of the TG/HDL-C ratio thresholds to index IR were ≥3.4 for white males, ≥2.3 for white females, ≥2.2 for African American males, and ≥1.8 for African American females. Applying these thresholds, individuals denoted as having IR had noticeably poorer cardio-metabolic risk profiles than those not having IR in each race-gender subgroup. IR, as defined by the above cut-points, was associated with the following adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of incident CHD by 2012: 1.35 (1.21, 1.52) in white males; 1.52, (1.27, 1.83) in white females; 1.69 (1.28, 2.22) in African American males; and 1.44 (1.08, 1.92) in African American females. Conclusion: The TG/HDL-C ratio, a clinically useful indicator of IR, independently predicts coronary heart disease in non-diabetic white and African American men and women.

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