scholarly journals Intersection of Stress and Gender in Association With Transitions in Past Year DSM-5 Substance Use Disorder Diagnoses in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 247054701775263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terril L. Verplaetse ◽  
Kelly E. Moore ◽  
Brian P. Pittman ◽  
Walter Roberts ◽  
Lindsay M. Oberleitner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Cannabis Use Disorder ◽  
Tobacco Use Disorder

Background Stress contributes to the development and maintenance of substance use disorders, with some research suggesting that the impact of stress on substance use disorders is greater in women. However, this has yet to be evaluated in a national dataset, across major substances of abuse. Methods Using data from the newly available U.S. National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC; Wave 3; n = 36,309), we evaluated relationships among past year stressful life events (0 or 1 vs. 2+ events, range 0–16) and gender, and their association with transitions (new vs. absent cases; ongoing vs. remitted cases) in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition alcohol use disorder, tobacco use disorder, cannabis use disorder, and nonmedical prescription opioid use disorder diagnoses. Results Having two or more stressful life events in the past year increased the odds of having a new alcohol use disorder, tobacco use disorder, cannabis use disorder, and opioid use disorder (OR = 3.14, 2.15, 5.52, and 3.06, respectively) or ongoing alcohol use disorder, tobacco use disorder, and cannabis use disorder (OR = 2.39, 2.62, and 2.95, respectively) compared to zero or one stressful life event. A stress by gender interaction for new vs. absent alcohol use disorder demonstrated that having two or more stressful life events was associated with increased odds of new alcohol use disorder in men (OR = 2.51) and even greater odds of new alcohol use disorder in women (OR = 3.94). Conclusions Results highlight that stress is a robust factor in both men and women with new or ongoing substance use disorders, and that effective treatments for substance use should consider the role of stress in addiction etiology and maintenance. There was little evidence for gender differences in the role of stress on transitions in substance use disorders, except for the onset of alcohol use disorders. Given that rates of alcohol use disorders are increasing in women, the impact of stress needs to be considered.

The Epidemiology of Substance Use Disorders among the Adult Jewish Population in Israel

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ruth Lev Bar-Or ◽  
Ariel Kor ◽  
Iman Jaljuli ◽  
Shaul Lev-Ran
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Jewish Population ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Cannabis Use Disorder ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Increased Risk

Introduction: Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, having a profound and global impact on health, well-being, safety, and productivity. Although traditionally the prevalence of SUDs in Israel has been estimated to be lower than those in high-income countries, estimates and characteristics of individuals with SUDs in the past decade are lacking. In this work, we explored the prevalence of SUDs among the adult Jewish population in Israel, per different classes of substances across sex, age group, and other sociodemographic factors. Methods: Data from an online representative sample of 4,025 respondents were collected, including the alcohol, smoking, and substance involvement screening test (ASSIST) metric and sociodemographic data. Results: We found that the most common SUDs were alcohol (10.5% [9.5–11.4]), cannabis (9.0% [8.2–9.9]), and sedative (3.6% [3.0–4.2]) use disorders. Alcohol-cannabis (3.2% [2.7–3.7]) and alcohol-sedative (1.04% [0.7–1.35]) were the most prevalent co-occurring SUDs. Among those with cannabis use disorder, the prevalence of alcohol use disorder was found to be 35.3% [30.4–40.2]. The estimated risk for alcohol use disorder was found to be inversely proportional to age, cannabis use disorder increased, peaked, and decreased with age, and that of sedative use disorder increased with age, particularly among women. While older individuals (in the 51–60 years of age group) were at lower risk (OR = 0.5 [0.3, 0.8]) compared to those <20 years of age for alcohol use disorder, they were at increased risk for sedative use disorder (OR = 3.1 [1.2, 9.7]). Conclusions: These findings represent substantially higher rates of SUDs in Israel than those previously reported and should affect resources allocated to addiction prevention and treatment. Further research on the role of gender, age, culture, and ethnicity in the propensity to develop SUDs is necessary for the development of more focused preventive and intervention measures. Focusing on non-Jewish populations in Israel and broadening the scope to include behavioral addictions should be addressed in future studies.

Longitudinal Examination of the Impact of Resilience and Stressful Life Events on Alcohol Use Disorder Outcomes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Christina M. Sheerin ◽  
Kaitlin E. Bountress ◽  
Terrell A. Hicks ◽  
Mackenzie J. Lind ◽  
Steven H. Aggen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Longitudinal Examination

The relations between discrimination, stressful life events, and substance use among adults experiencing homelessness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam C. Alexander ◽  
Joseph J.C. Waring ◽  
Oluwakemi Olurotimi ◽  
Jasmin Kurien ◽  
Bishop Noble ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life

scholarly journals Infant birthweight in the US: the role of preconception stressful life events and substance use

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitney P. Witt ◽  
Kara C. Mandell ◽  
Lauren E. Wisk ◽  
Erika R. Cheng ◽  
Debanjana Chatterjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
The Us

Effectiveness and Availability of Treatment for Substance Use Disorders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Hodgkin ◽  
Hilary S. Connery
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
The United States ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
Medication Treatment

Drug and alcohol use disorders, also called substance use disorders (SUD), are among the major health problems facing many countries, contributing a substantial burden in terms of mortality, morbidity, and economic impact. A considerable body of research is dedicated to reducing the social and individual burden of SUD. One major focus of research has been the effectiveness of treatment for SUD, with studies examining both medication and behavioral treatments using randomized, controlled clinical trials. For opioid use disorder, there is a strong evidence base for medication treatment, particularly using agonist therapies (i.e., methadone and buprenorphine), but mixed evidence regarding the use of psychosocial interventions. For alcohol use disorder, there is evidence of modest effectiveness for two medications (acamprosate and naltrexone) and for various psychosocial treatments, especially for less severe alcohol use disorder syndromes. An important area for future research is how to make treatment more appealing to clients, given that client reluctance is an important contributor to the low utilization of effective treatments. A second major focus of research has been the availability of medication treatments, building on existing theories of how innovations diffuse, and on the field of dissemination and implementation research. In the United States, this research identifies serious gaps in both the availability of SUD treatment programs and the availability of effective treatment within those programs. Key barriers include lack of on-site medical staff at many SUD treatment programs; restrictive policies of private insurers, states, and federal authorities; and widespread skepticism toward medication treatment among counseling staff and some administrators. Emerging research is promising for providing medication treatment in settings other than SUD treatment programs, such as community mental health centers, prisons, emergency departments, and homeless shelters. There is still considerable room to make SUD treatment approaches more effective, more available, and—most importantly—more acceptable to clients.

A functional neuregulin-1 gene variant and stressful life events: Effect on drug use in a longitudinal population-representative cohort study

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariliis Vaht ◽  
Kariina Laas ◽  
Evelyn Kiive ◽  
Jüri Parik ◽  
Toomas Veidebaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Susceptibility Gene ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Neuregulin 1

Background: The neuregulin 1 gene is a susceptibility gene for substance dependence. A functional polymorphism (SNP8NRG243177/rs6994992; C/T) in the promoter region of the brain-specific type IV neuregulin-1 gene ( NRG1) has been associated with psychiatric disorders (e.g. schizophrenia and bipolar disorder) that often present higher odds of smoking, alcohol and illicit drug use. This study assessed the association of the NRG1 genotype with drug use and possible interaction with stressful life events (SLEs). Methods: The database of the Estonian Children Personality Behaviour and Health Study (beginning in 1998) was used. Cohorts of children initially 9 years old ( n=583; followed up at 15 and 18 years) and 15 years old ( n=593; followed up at 18 and 25 years) provided self-reports on alcohol, tobacco and illicit substance use and SLEs. Psychiatric assessment based on DSM-IV was carried out on the older birth cohort at age 25 to assess the lifetime presence of substance use disorders. NRG1 rs6994992 was genotyped in all participants by TaqMan® Pre-Designed SNP Genotyping Assay on the Applied Biosystems ViiA™ 7 Real-Time PCR System. The minor (T) allele frequency was 0.37. Results: NRG1 rs6994992 C/C homozygotes, especially those who had experienced more SLEs, were more likely to develop alcohol use disorders by young adulthood, were generally more active consumers of tobacco products, and had more likely used illicit drugs. In T allele carriers, SLEs had a negligible effect on substance use. Conclusions: In humans, NRG1 genotype is associated with substance use, and this relationship is moderated by adverse life events, with a gain-of-function allele being protective.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document