Accelerating Employability through Social Safety Net in Rural Bangladesh: Employment Generation Programme for the Poorest

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-254
Author(s):  
Nasir Uddin ◽  
Z. R. M. Abdullah Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Wage Rates ◽  
Employment Generation ◽  
Key Informant Interview ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
The Impact

This article assesses the effectiveness of the employment generation programme for the poorest (EGPP) and its impact on ensuring employment opportunities and employability of targeted beneficiaries in rural areas in Bangladesh. In particular, it examines the appropriateness of targeted beneficiaries, selection, and the impact of the programme on changing their livelihood and economic indicators. Respondents were selected from 12 unions of four districts of the Chattogram division, and data were collected using the interview method and key informant interview. First, the findings suggest that accurately selecting beneficiaries and households was a challenging task owing to inappropriate wage rates, social context and political influences. Besides, misappropriation of the selection process of beneficiaries is one of the main concerns of this programme. Second, the EGPP has improved the income levels of a significant number of beneficiaries and made a positive impact on their certain basic needs and livelihood indicators. Despite drawbacks in the implementation, the study concludes that the provision of adequate measures of employment generation programmes based on equity and geographical demands will notably contribute to ensuring the employability of the unemployed and marginalised sections of the country.

Impact Assessment of MGNREGA on Employment Generation, Labour Supply in the Agriculture Sector and Migration: A Case Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 613-618
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Employment Level ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Employment Generation ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Employment Guarantee ◽  
The Impact

National Rural Employment Guarantee Act in 2005 was formulated to reinforce adherence towards livelihood security in rural areas by providing a legal guarantee of 100 day's work annually to every rural household whose adult members willing to do unskilled manual work. The study assessed the impact of MGNREGA on employment generation, labour supply in agriculture sector and migration. The study was conducted using multi-stage random sampling in Sirmaur district of Himachal Pradesh. Based on a survey covering 100 households from 10 panchayats of 2 blocks, it was found that the scheme was the lifeline of poor villagers and significantly affected the employment level. However, labour supply in agriculture showed a negative trend which can vanquish if MGNREGA provides off-season employment to agricultural labour. Similarly, the migration level also dwindled showing a positive impact of the scheme. A new and innovative works need to be found to retain rural labour and furnish productive employment to check this trend.

scholarly journals Impact of remittance on consumption and savings behavior in rural areas of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ziaul Haider ◽  
Tanbir Hossain ◽  
Ohidul Islam Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Savings Behavior ◽  
Aggregate Consumption ◽  
West Region ◽  
Food Expenditure ◽  
The Impact

This study measures the impact of remittance on consumption and savings behaviour though surveying rural households in Bangladesh. The remittance receiver households receive US$ 358 monthly remittance on an average. The average monthly food expenditure, aggregate expenditure and savings of a remittance receiver household are about US $28, $32 and $10 higher than that of a non-receiver household. The path model analysis findings indicate that remittance has a statistically significant positive impact on attributing food and aggregate consumption expenditure in addition to savings. Therefore, this study concludes that remittance plays an important role in attributing consumption and savings behavior in the selected rural areas of the south-west region of Bangladesh. However, further study addressing randomness in the sample selection process with wider sample and study area coverage might enhance the robustness of the study findings.

scholarly journals Assessment of the impact of emigration on the origin economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 187-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Remeikienė ◽  
Ligita Gasparėnienė
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Training ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Monetary Transfers ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Our article concentrates to the main aim – to assess the impact of emigration on an origin economy. This topic was chosen because the theoretical research has disclosed that the positive impact of emigration usually manifests through monetary transfers to a native country while the negative impact mainly emerges as a reduction in the labour force, which, in its turn, causes deterioration of a country’s demographic and economic situation. It has been found that the growing flows of emigration significantly reduce Lithuanian population and cause “brain drain”. High emigration rates also have a negative impact on Lithuanian national economy, in particular, its unemployment rate (the opposite effect). To reduce the rates of emigration from the country, Lithuania must develop and improve such ALPM’s elements as combination of work and dual vocational training, targeted selection of the industries for arrangement of an apprenticeship, manual training, dual vocational training and workplace training, segmentation of the unemployed by the indications of employment impediment, individual work with the unemployed to restore their basic skills (motivation, practice, health improvement), vocational guidance of young people (students) and early involvement of students into the labour market by combining studies and work.

scholarly journals FNGOs and financial inclusion: Investigating the impact of microcredit on employment growth in Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Yawo Atiase ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Samia Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Employment Growth ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Employment Generation ◽  
The Impact

Financial non-governmental organizations (FNGOs) are regulated microfinance institutions that operate with a social welfare logic in the delivery of microcredit to the financially excluded in Ghana. The microcredit is aimed at supporting the financially excluded individuals to create sustainable micro and small enterprises (MSEs) for the generation of both skilled and unskilled employment. From the institutional theory perspective, this study aims at investigating the impact of microcredit provided by FNGOs on employment growth among MSEs in Ghana. The major contribution of this study is the fact that, there is a little study on FNGOs and their impact on employment growth in the Ghanaian context. Therefore, this is one of the few studies that highlights the role of FNGOs in promoting financial inclusion through the provision of microcredit for employment generation purposes. Through a multiple regression analysis, the study uses primary data collected from 506 MSEs in Ghana. The results show that microcredit which is flexible in repayment mode, accessible and adequate has a positive impact on employment generation among MSEs in Ghana. However, the current cost of microcredit in Ghana has a negative impact on employment growth among MSEs.

Mediating Role of Interpersonal Interactions Between Chinese Farmers' Social Networks and their Subjective Well-Being

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianjun Zhang ◽  
Yang Xu ◽  
Yu Hou
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Interpersonal Interactions ◽  
The Impact

As more than half the population of China lives in rural areas, farmers' subjective well-being is important to the maintenance of socialism in the countryside and the Chinese people's target of comprehensively building a prosperous society. Using data collected in the 2012 Chinese General Social Survey, we built a regression model to examine the impact of farmers' social networks on their subjective well-being, and the mediating effect of their interpersonal interactions on this relationship. Results showed that farmers' social networks had a positive impact on their overall subjective well-being, which was, in turn, mediated by their interpersonal interactions. Farmers with well-developed social networks tended to have effective interpersonal interactions that satisfied their social psychological needs and enhanced their subjective well-being. Our findings provide a valuable reference for enhancing the subjective well-being of farmers in China.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Comprehensive Rural Village Development Program on Rural Sustainability in Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaehee Hwang ◽  
Jonghoon Park ◽  
Seongwoo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Rural Village ◽  
Rural Sustainability ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
The Impact

An imperative challenge emerges from the demand to apply the scientific method in the assessment of recent agricultural and rural policies throughout the world. The objective of the present study was to conduct an ex-post quantitative evaluation of the Comprehensive Rural Village Development Program (CRVDP), a representative rural development policy operated by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, a central government agency in South Korea. The primary purpose of this program is to ensure sustainable rural society. This study found a moderate but significant positive impact of the policy in enhancing the standard of living in rural areas. The present paper concludes with suggesting some policy implications, limitations and future directions of policy evaluation studies.

scholarly journals Household Level Impact Assessment of MGNREGA Scheme

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 543-549
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Rural Employment ◽  
Wage Employment ◽  
The Government ◽  
Employment Guarantee ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
The Impact

The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 (MGNREGA) has been notified by the Government of India on 7th September 2005 with the primary objective of enhancing the livelihood security of the unskilled labors in the rural areas of the country by providing guaranteed wage employment to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work. The MGNREGA, which is one of the flagship projects of the government, promises 100 days of work per year to the unemployed at a CPI inflation-indexed wage rate. As there is an increase in the disposable income on account of the implementation of the scheme, it is expected that the standard of living and the expenditure pattern of the household covered under the MGNREGA scheme would undergo a tremendous change. As most of the expenditure of the rural households covered under the scheme is supposed to be drastically changed, it is felt that there is a need to study the impact of the scheme on these households. This paper is an extract from a Ph. D Thesis titled Household and Village Level Impact of MGNREGS on Governance at the Grassroots: An Assessment of Gram Panchayats in Tamil Nadu. Submitted to the Gandhigram Rural Institute – Deemed to be University

scholarly journals Does Farmland Size Affect the Collective Action in Rural Areas? An Empirical Study on the Public Irrigation System in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 01028
Author(s):  
Liangzhen Zang ◽  
Yiqing Su
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Land Circulation ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Agricultural Business ◽  
The Impact

Since smallholders accounted for a high proportion of 98.1% among the 207 million agricultural business households across China, it is particularly important to study the impact of farmland size on the provision of public goods attached to the public sector industries from the perspective of the irrigation collective action in rural areas. Based on the survey data of 283 villages in China, this paper finds that the farmland size has a positive impact on irrigation collective action, although the average of per capita farmland area is only 0.214 hectares in each household of China. Therefore, it is necessary to promote the farmland scale operation by land circulation, so as to improve the ability of collective action and the development of public sector industries in rural areas of China.

scholarly journals Impact of Educational Qualification on Social Support, Social Isolation and Social and Emotional Loneliness: A Study of Senior Citizens

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-170
Author(s):  
Salma Naz Gul ◽  
Rabia Chishti ◽  
Maher Bano
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Educational Qualification ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Emotional Loneliness ◽  
The Impact

The present study aims to investigate the impact of educational qualification on social support, social isolation, and loneliness (social and emotional) among Senior Citizens. De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (1985),Social Support Scale developed by Malik (2002), and Friendship Scale developed by Hawthorne (2006) were used to measure the pertinent constructs of present study. Purposive convenient sampling technique was used to draw the sample of older adults (N = 500) aged 60 to 90 years (M = 67.59, SD = 7.54) from both urban and rural areas of various districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Alpha coefficients, for all the variables were computed, which ranged between .60 for social loneliness to .96 for social support total scale. Study found significant differences among the variables. Findings revealed that educational qualification of the sample had a positive impact on their social support and they were less socially isolated as compared to uneducated senior citizens.

scholarly journals Women Empowerment: Analysis of the Role of Self Help Groups in Empowering Rural Women in Goa

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Joey Joey Henriques
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Employment Generation ◽  
Self Help Groups ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Self Help Group

Self Help Groups have emerged as an important mechanism to bring about socio-economic change in society. Various studies indicate the positive impact that SHGs have had on employment generation, savings, incomes, poverty alleviation and women empowerment. The present study, based on primary data sourced from women members of SHGs located in the state of Goa is an attempt to understand the impact of group membership on its members, particularly women. An attempt has also been made to throw light on the pivotal role that the Self Help Group Promoting Agencies essay in realising the goal of women empowerment. The study also analyses the independence that women exhibit in taking decisions, be it in the economic or political domain.

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