Fat-suppressed T2 mapping of human knee femoral articular cartilage: comparison with conventional T2 mapping

Abstract Background There is paucity of studies applying fat suppressed (FS) technique to T2 mapping to overcome chemical shift artifacts. The purpose of the study is to difference between FS T2 and conventional T2 mapping and reproducibility of FS T2 mapping in the femoral articular cartilage. Methods Eighteen patients who had normal-looking femoral cartilage and underwent knee MRI with conventional T2 and FS T2 mapping were included. T2 values of each mapping were measured by two readers independently from nine regions in the medial femoral condyle (MFC) and lateral femoral condyle (LFC). Each anatomical region was divided by lines at ± 10°, 30°, 50°, 70°, 90°, and 110°. Comparisons of T2 values between conventional and FS T2 mapping were statistically analyzed. The T2 values between FS and conventional T2 mapping in the anterior, central and posterior femoral condyles were compared. Results The overall femoral condyle T2 values from the FS T2 map were significantly lower than those from the conventional T2 map (48.5ms vs. 51.0ms, p < 0.001). The differences in the T2 values between the two maps were significantly different among the three divisions of the LFC (p = 0.009) and MFC (p = 0.031). The intra-class correlation coefficients indicated higher agreement in the FS T2 map than in the conventional T2 map (0.943 vs. 0.872). Conclusions The T2 values of knee femoral cartilage are significantly lower on FS T2 mapping than on conventional T2 mapping. FS T2 mapping is a more reproducible method for evaluating knee femoral cartilage.

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Ultrasonographic Assessment of the Normal Femoral Articular Cartilage of the Knee Joint: Comparison with 3D MRI

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2021/9978819 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Kyösti Kauppinen ◽

Victor Casula ◽

Štefan Zbýň ◽

Roberto Blanco Sequeiros ◽

Simo S. Saarakkala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Articular Cartilage ◽

Femoral Condyle ◽

Cartilage Thickness ◽

Medial Femoral Condyle ◽

Lateral Femoral Condyle ◽

3D Mri ◽

Acoustic Window ◽

Femoral Cartilage ◽

Femoral Sulcus ◽

Thickness Measurements

Objective. Ultrasonography (US) has a promising role in evaluating the knee joint, but capability to visualize the femoral articular cartilage needs systematic evaluation. We measured the extent of this acoustic window by comparing standardized US images with the corresponding MRI views of the femoral cartilage. Design. Ten healthy volunteers without knee pathology underwent systematic US and MRI evaluation of both knees. The femoral cartilage was assessed on the oblique transverse axial plane with US and with 3D MRI. The acoustic window on US was compared to the corresponding views of the femoral sulcus and both condyles on MRI. The mean imaging coverage of the femoral cartilage and the cartilage thickness measurements on US and MRI were compared. Results. Mean imaging coverage of the cartilage of the medial femoral condyle was 66% (range 54%–80%) and on the lateral femoral condyle 37% (range 25%–51%) compared with MRI. Mean cartilage thickness measurement in the femoral sulcus was 3.17 mm with US and 3.61 mm with MRI (14.0% difference). The corresponding measurements in the medial femoral condyle were 1.95 mm with US and 2.35 mm with MRI (21.0% difference), and in the lateral femoral condyle, they were 2.17 mm and 2.73 mm (25.6% difference), respectively. Conclusion. Two-thirds of the articular cartilage of the medial femoral condyle, and one-third in the lateral femoral condyle, can be assessed with US. The cartilage thickness measurements seem to be underestimated by US. These results show promise for the evaluation of the weight-bearing cartilage of the medial femoral condyle with US.

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Juvenile Osteochondritis Dissecans: Cartilage T2 Mapping of Stable Medial Femoral Condyle Lesions

Radiology ◽

10.1148/radiol.2018171995 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 288 (2) ◽

pp. 536-543 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jie C. Nguyen ◽

Fang Liu ◽

Donna G. Blankenbaker ◽

Kaitlin M. Woo ◽

Richard Kijowski

Keyword(s):

Osteochondritis Dissecans ◽

T2 Mapping ◽

Femoral Condyle ◽

Medial Femoral Condyle ◽

Juvenile Osteochondritis Dissecans

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Fat-suppressed 3D SPGR MR Imaging of Articular Cartilage Lesion of Medial Femoral Condyle in Osteoarthritic Knee

The Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association ◽

10.4055/jkoa.2005.40.6.652 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

pp. 652

Author(s):

Jung Man Kim ◽

Won Hee Jee ◽

Yang Guk Chung ◽

Yang Soo Kim ◽

Ki Hang Ra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Articular Cartilage ◽

Mr Imaging ◽

Femoral Condyle ◽

Cartilage Lesion ◽

Medial Femoral Condyle ◽

Osteoarthritic Knee ◽

Articular Cartilage Lesion

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Long-term clinical follow-up of microfracture versus mosaicplasty in articular cartilage defects of medial femoral condyle

The Knee ◽

10.1016/j.knee.2017.08.061 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 1402-1407 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Eirik Solheim ◽

Janne Hegna ◽

Eivind Inderhaug

Keyword(s):

Articular Cartilage ◽

Femoral Condyle ◽

Medial Femoral Condyle ◽

Cartilage Defects ◽

Articular Cartilage Defects

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Evaluation and comparison of cartilage repair tissue of the patella and medial femoral condyle by using morphological MRI and biochemical zonal T2 mapping

European Radiology ◽

10.1007/s00330-008-1249-6 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 1253-1262 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Goetz H. Welsch ◽

Tallal C. Mamisch ◽

Sebastian Quirbach ◽

Lukas Zak ◽

Stefan Marlovits ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cartilage Repair ◽

T2 Mapping ◽

Femoral Condyle ◽

Medial Femoral Condyle ◽

Repair Tissue

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Reliability and reproducibility of a clinical application of a simple technique for repeated circumferential leg measurements

Phlebology The Journal of Venous Disease ◽

10.1258/phleb.2009.009073 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 14-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

A te Slaa ◽

P Mulder ◽

D Dolmans ◽

P Castenmiller ◽

G Ho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Simple Technique ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Repeated Measurements ◽

Medium Term ◽

Short Term ◽

Intra Class Correlation ◽

Long Period ◽

Simple Instrument ◽

Reproducible Method

Objective The aim of this study is to determine the reliability and reproducibility of repeated tape measurements to assess the leg circumference during a long period. Methods A tape measure is a simple instrument that is applicable in the presence of oedema. Measurements were performed by four observers on 11 volunteers. Four measurements were done in the first week (short term), a fifth measurement at two weeks (medium term) and a sixth measurement was done at 12 weeks (long term). Results The short-, medium- and long-term intra-class correlation coefficients for repeated measurements were 0.90, 0.89 and 0.78, respectively. The short-term and long-term reproducibility indices equalled 4.4% and 6.5%. If only a single observer would be involved, the short-term intra-class correlation coefficients would improve to 0.94 (reproducibility index 3.3%). Conclusion Tape measurements have been proved to be a reliable and reproducible method to asses the lower limb circumference.

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Change of Chondral Lesions and Predictive Factors After Medial Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy With a Locked Plate System

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/0363546517694864 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (7) ◽

pp. 1615-1621 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Kang-Il Kim ◽

Min-Chul Seo ◽

Sang-Jun Song ◽

Dae-Kyung Bae ◽

Duk-Hyun Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Articular Cartilage ◽

Tibial Plateau ◽

Femoral Condyle ◽

Cartilage Regeneration ◽

Medial Femoral Condyle ◽

Open Wedge ◽

Medial Tibial Plateau ◽

Locked Plate ◽

Second Look ◽

Open Wedge Hto

Background: Although cartilage regeneration after medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) has been described, there is a paucity of reports regarding which factors influence cartilage regeneration. Purpose: To document whether cartilage regeneration occurs in the previously degenerated medial compartment of arthritic knees after medial open-wedge HTO without concomitant cartilage procedures and to assess which predictive factors influence regeneration after HTO. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4 Methods: From February 2008 to January 2014, 104 consecutive knees were enrolled retrospectively that received medial open-wedge HTO with a medial locked plate system without any additional cartilage regeneration procedures and were followed by second-look arthroscopy for plate removal 2 years after surgery. The mean ± SD age at the time of index HTO was 56.3 ± 5.4 years. Cartilage status was graded at the time of initial HTO and second-look arthroscopy according to the International Cartilage Repair Society grading system, and regenerated articular cartilage was classified by the macroscopic staging system of Koshino et al at the time of second-look arthroscopy. Variables evaluated for possible association with regeneration of articular cartilage included age, sex, body mass index (BMI), American Knee Society score, mechanical tibiofemoral angle, medial proximal tibial angle, amount of correction angle, and degree of arthritis. Results: Per the International Cartilage Repair Society grading system, the lesions in the medial femoral condyle and the medial tibial plateau were improved in 54 knees (51.9%) and 36 knees (34.6%), respectively, at the time of second-look arthroscopy. According to the macroscopic grading system, partial and total regeneration of articular cartilage in the medial femoral condyle and the medial tibial plateau was observed in 75 knees (72%) and 57 knees (55%), respectively. Based on univariable logistic regression tests, regeneration of articular cartilage was associated with a smaller mean preoperative varus mechanical tibiofemoral angle (odds ratio [OR], 0.7; P = .023) and lower BMI (OR, 0.8; P = .026) for the medial femoral condyle and younger age (OR, 0.9; P = .048) and a larger mean correction angle (OR, 1.1; P = .023) for the medial tibial plateau. The mean preoperative knee and function scores were significantly improved at the last follow-up, but no correlation was found between the clinical outcomes and cartilage regeneration. Multiple logistic regression analysis for regeneration of articular cartilage showed lower BMI (OR, 0.7; P = .015) to be a significant predictor for the medial femoral condyle. Conclusion: Regeneration of degenerated articular cartilage in the medial compartment can be expected while correcting a varus deformity in arthritic knees after medial open-wedge HTO with a locked plate system without any additional cartilage regeneration procedures. Moreover, we suggest that medial open-wedge HTO in the medial arthritic knee with varus malalignment should be highly successful in terms of cartilage regeneration, especially for lower BMI patients.

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