scholarly journals The burden of recording and reporting health data in primary health care facilities in five low- and lower-middle income countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amani Siyam ◽  
Por Ir ◽  
Dararith York ◽  
James Antwi ◽  
Freddie Amponsah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Service Delivery Systems

Abstract Background Recording and reporting health data in facilities is the backbone of routine health information systems which provide data collected by health facility workers during service provision. Data is firstly collected in a register, to record patient health data and care process, and tallied into nationally designed reporting forms. While there is anecdotal evidence of large numbers of registers and reporting forms for primary health care (PHC) facilities, there are few systematic studies to document this potential burden on health workers. This multi-country study aimed to document the numbers of registers and reporting forms use at the PHC level and to estimate the time it requires for health workers to meet data demands. Methods In Cambodia, Ghana, Mozambique, Nigeria and Tanzania, a desk review was conducted to document registers and reporting forms mandated at the PHC level. In each country, visits to 16 randomly selected public PHC facilities followed to assess the time spent on paper-based recording and reporting. Information was collected through self-reports of estimated time use by health workers, and observation of 1360 provider-patient interactions. Data was primarily collected in outpatient care (OPD), antenatal care (ANC), immunization (EPI), family planning (FP), HIV and Tuberculosis (TB) services. Result Cross-countries, the average number of registers was 34 (ranging between 16 and 48). Of those, 77% were verified in use and each register line had at least 20 cells to be completed per patient. The mean time spent on recording was about one-third the total consultation time for OPD, FP, ANC and EPI services combined. Cross-countries, the average number of monthly reporting forms was 35 (ranging between 19 and 52) of which 78% were verified in use. The estimated time to complete monthly reporting forms was 9 h (ranging between 4 to 15 h) per month per health worker. Conclusions PHC facilities are mandated to use many registers and reporting forms pausing a considerable burden to health workers. Service delivery systems are expected to vary, however an imperative need remains to invest in international standards of facility-based registers and reporting forms, to ensure regular, comparable, quality-driven facility data collection and use.

Childhood Mental Disorders in Primary Health Care: Results of Observations in Four Developing Countries

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-683
Author(s):  
R. Giel ◽  
M. V. de Arango ◽  
C. E. Climent ◽  
T. W. Harding ◽  
H. H. A. Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Research Procedure ◽  
Primary Health Care Facilities

To ascertain the frequency of mental disorders in Sudan, Philippines, India, and Colombia, 925 children attending primary health care facilities were studied. Rates of between 12% and 29% were found in the four study areas. The range of mental disorders diagnosed was similar to that encountered in industrialized countries. The research procedure involved a two-stage screening in which a ten-item "reporting questionnaire" constituted the first stage. The study has shown that mental disorders are common among children attending primary health care facilities in four developing countries and that accompanying adults (usually the mothers) readily recognize and report common psychologic and behavioral symptoms when these are solicited by means of a simple set of questions. Despite this, the primary health workers themselves recognized only between 10% and 22% of the cases of mental disorder. The results have been used to design appropriate brief training courses in childhood mental disorders for primary health workers in the countries participating in the study.

Knowledge of Malaria and Management Practices of Primary Health Care Workers Treating Children with Malaria in Ibadan, Nigeria

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. I. Fawole ◽  
M. O. Onadeko ◽  
C. O. Oyejide
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Treatment Practices ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Physical Examinations

A survey of the knowledge and management practices of 61 health workers in five primary health care facilities in Ibadan 30 health workers observed as they managed children with fever and the parasite status of 92 children diagnosed to have malaria was conducted. Sixty-seven percent of children had the malaria parasite. Knowledge on some basic concepts was fairly adequate as the majority (75.4%) knew the cause of malaria, and 95.1% correctly recognized its key signs and symptoms. Treatment practices were poor as only 55.7% and 63.9% of health workers, respectively, prescribed chloroquine and paracetamol correctly; most gave underdosage. Observation revealed that history taking and physical examinations were rudimentary. Scores out of 100 on correct prescriptions of chloroquine and paracetamol were 60.1 and 76.8, respectively. There is an urgent need for periodic education programs, especially for health workers with many years of experience to help them maintain clinical skills and refresh their knowledge.

Utilization of traditional medicine in primary health care in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 1070-1083
Author(s):  
Jae Kyoun Kim ◽  
Kyeong Han Kim ◽  
Yong Cheol Shin ◽  
Bo-Hyoung Jang ◽  
Seong-Gyu Ko
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
National Health ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Referral System ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Primary Health

Abstract This paper reports the findings from the first systematic review of the utilization of traditional medicine (TM) in primary health care (PHC) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). PHC is an important component of health care and essential for achieving universal health coverage (UHC). For countries where there is a gap in PHC, TM plays a vital role. It is widely used and has the potential to increase the coverage of PHC and UHC. Hence in situations where TM is recognized in a considerable magnitude, there are scarce evidence and minimal regulation on it and TM practitioners (TMPs). This study aims to identify the current situation in the utilization of TM in PHC or UHC in LMICs. A systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative and quantitative studies have been conducted. A total of 56 articles met the criteria and were included in the review. In all, 14 analytic themes have been developed including the current use of TM in PHC, higher accessibility of TM, medical pluralism, national health system, national health policy and national health insurance to include TM, including TMPs in the referral system, utilizing TMPs as community health workers, the needs of scientific research on TM and the need for training both TMPs and conventional medical staffs for better collaboration. The study concluded that it is necessary to further focus on TM in the macro level on strengthening the referral system by including TM to establish a comprehensive service delivery network under UHC and in the micro level to focus on training the TMPs and conventional medicine health workers on both areas to attain more in-depth understanding of each other, which can lead to better collaboration and quality patient care.

A Health Education Approach to Training Village Health Workers in Nigeria

1982 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Brieger ◽  
Samuel U. Akpovi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Skill Transfer ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Village Health Workers ◽  
Village Health

Health education plays an important role in the primary health care process, particularly in the training of village health workers. Three educational concepts, training based on community felt needs, trainee involvement and social and cultural realism, are essential in designing these programs. These concepts were applied over a three year period in the training of village health caretakers in Idere town of Oyo State, Nigeria. Volunteer village health workers from ten villages were able to bring about changes in knowledge, behaviour and health status of their fellow villagers indicating that the health education approach fostered skill transfer to the communities.

scholarly journals Quality of routine health data collected by health workers using smartphone at primary health care in Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Araya Abrha Medhanyie ◽  
Mark Spigt ◽  
Henock Yebyo ◽  
Alex Little ◽  
Kidane Tadesse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Primary Health

Health Workers Readiness for Implementation of a Mobile Pregnancy Monitoring System in Primary Health Care: A Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Hakiem Afrizal ◽  
Achmad Nizar Hidayanto ◽  
Putu Wuri Handayani ◽  
Besral Besral ◽  
Adang Suhendra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
It Implementation ◽  
Primary Health

BACKGROUND It is necessary to assess readiness amongst health workers as an approach to successful IT implementation. However, little attention has been paid to assess demographic and associate factors related to such readiness. OBJECTIVE The study aims to describe factors related to the readiness of health workers with respect to implementation of a mobile Pregnancy Monitoring System in Primary Health Care (PHC) sites of the South Tangerang District in Banten Province, Indonesia using a socio-technical approach. METHODS A cross-sectional survey design was used among respondents who were involved during the antenatal care process. The participants (n=210) completed the questionnaire that measured information needs regarding the socio-technical aspect of readiness and factors affecting the readiness. The data was analysed using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The findings of this study showed that the majority of the health workers who were involved in the antenatal care process were ready to implement the mobile pregnancy monitoring system. Having social media and willingness to be involved in IT implementation are associated with IT readiness, while there is no significant association between demographic factors to the readiness of the health workers. CONCLUSIONS Since there is no connectivity between the demographic factors to readiness, thus the supportive factors such as having a social media and willingness are easier to resolve than inferring from the demographic factors CLINICALTRIAL 783/UN2.F10/PPM.00.02/2018

scholarly journals Feasibility assessment of invigorating grassrooTs primary healthcare for prevention and management of cardiometabolic diseases in resource-limited settings in China, Kenya, Nepal, Vietnam (the FAITH study): rationale and design

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enying Gong ◽  
Hongsheng Lu ◽  
Shuai Shao ◽  
Xuanchen Tao ◽  
Nicholas Peoples ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Cardiometabolic Diseases ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Primary Health Care Facilities ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Background Cardiometabolic diseases are the leading cause of death and disability in many low- and middle-income countries. As the already severe burden from these conditions continues to increase in low- and middle-income countries, cardiometabolic diseases introduce new and salient public health challenges to primary health care systems. In this mixed-method study, we aim to assess the capacity of grassroots primary health care facilities to deliver essential services for the prevention and control of cardiometabolic diseases. Built on this information, our goal is to propose evidence-based recommendations to promote a stronger primary health care system in resource-limited settings. Methods The study will be conducted in resource-limited settings in China, Kenya, Nepal, and Vietnam using a mixed-method approach that incorporates a literature review, surveys, and in-depth interviews. The literature, statistics, and document review will extract secondary data on the burden of cardiometabolic diseases in each country, the existing policies and interventions related to strengthening primary health care services, and improving care related to non-communicable disease prevention and control. We will also conduct primary data collection. In each country, ten grassroots primary health care facilities across representative urban-rural regions will be selected. Health care professionals and patients recruited from these facilities will be invited to participate in the facility assessment questionnaire and patients’ survey. Stakeholders – including patients, health care professionals, policymakers at the local, regional, and national levels, and local authorities – will be invited to participate in in-depth interviews. A standard protocol will be designed to allow for adaption and localization in data collection instruments and procedures within each country. Discussion With a special focus on the capacity of primary health care facilities in resource-limited settings in low- and middle-income countries, this study has the potential to add new evidence for policymakers and academia by identifying the most common and significant barriers primary health care services face in managing and preventing cardiometabolic diseases. With these findings, we will generate evidence-based recommendations on potential strategies that are feasible for resource-limited settings in combating the increasing challenges of cardiometabolic diseases.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with burnout among frontline primary health care providers in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagar Dugani ◽  
Henrietta Afari ◽  
Lisa R. Hirschhorn ◽  
Hannah Ratcliffe ◽  
Jeremy Veillard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Primary Health

Background: Primary health care (PHC) systems require motivated and well-trained frontline providers, but are increasingly challenged by the growing global shortage of health care workers. Burnout, defined as emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal achievement, negatively impacts motivation and may further decrease productivity of already limited workforces. The objective of this review was to analyze the prevalence of and factors associated with provider burnout in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: We performed a systematic review of articles on outpatient provider burnout in LMICs published up to 2016 in three electronic databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, and CAB). Articles were reviewed to identify prevalence of factors associated with provider burnout. Results: A total of 6,182 articles were identified, with 20 meeting eligibility criteria. We found heterogeneity in definition and prevalence of burnout. Most studies assessed burnout using the Maslach Burnout Inventory. All three dimensions of burnout were seen across multiple cadres (physicians, nurses, community health workers, midwives, and pharmacists). Frontline nurses in South Africa had the highest prevalence of high emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, while PHC providers in Lebanon had the highest reported prevalence of low personal achievement. Higher provider burnout (for example, among nurses, pharmacists, and rural health workers) was associated with high job stress, high time pressure and workload, and lack of organizational support. Conclusions: Our comprehensive review of published literature showed that provider burnout is prevalent across various health care providers in LMICs. Further studies are required to better measure the causes and consequences of burnout and guide the development of effective interventions to reduce or prevent burnout.

scholarly journals Health Workers’ Perceptions on Data-informed Decision Making practice in Primary Health Care Units at Awi Zone, Northwest Ethiopia (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habtamu Alganeh Guadie ◽  
Kassahun Dessie Gashu ◽  
Atsede Mazengia Shiferaw
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Informed Decision ◽  
Informed Decision Making ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Data Informed

BACKGROUND Background: Data-informed decision making is influenced by organizational, technical and behavioral factors. Behavioral factors are the major contributing ones for data-informed decision making practice. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore health workers’ perception on data-informed decision making at primary health care units of Awi zone. METHODS Method: A qualitative study was undertaken to explore health workers’ perception on the barriers of health data-informed decision making practice. Eleven healthcare workers were purposively selected from Primary Hospital, Health centers and Health posts. Medical Doctors, Nurses, Midwifes and Health Extension Workers were selected as key informant for in-depth interview. The selected healthcare workers were asked about their perceptions that affect health data use practice. A thematic analysis was carried out using OpenCode software. Analysis was performed with three identified themes namely; organizational, behavioral and technical themes. RESULTS Results: All the respondents were aware of data-informed decision making at the point of care. Some had experienced taking notes from their customers, and most witnessed they are negligent to write all details. They also expressed their feelings that registration book timely availability had an impact on their utilization practice of data-informed decision making. CONCLUSIONS Conclusion: Health workers are well aware of the practice of data-informed decision making at the point of service delivery. Behavioral, organizational and technical factors major contributing ones. CLINICALTRIAL

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