scholarly journals Esmolol response in septic shock patients in relation to vascular waterfall phenomenon measured by critical closure pressure and mean systemic filling pressure: a prospective observational study

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehan Liu ◽  
Chuanliang Pan ◽  
Jianping Liu ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Hui Xie
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Oxygen Supply ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Filling Pressure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Hemodynamic Optimization ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background Bedside measurements of critical closure pressure (Pcc) and mean systemic circulation filling pressure (Pmsf) were utilized to evaluate the response to esmolol in septic shock patients, in relation to the vascular waterfall phenomenon and body oxygen supply and demand. Methods This prospective observational self-controlled study included patients with septic shock, newly admitted to the intensive care unit, between August 2019 and January 2021. Pcc and Pmsf, along with the heart rate and other hemodynamic indicators were observed and compared before and 1 h after esmolol IV infusion. Results After 24 h of initial hemodynamic optimization, 56 patients were finally enrolled. After start of esmolol infusion, patients had a significant decrease in cardiac index (CI) (4.0 vs. 3.3 L/min/m2, P < 0.001), a significant increase in stroke index (SI) (34.1 vs. 36.6 mL/m2, P < 0.01), and a significant decrease in heart rate (HR) (116.8 vs. 90.6 beats/min, P < 0.001). After 1 h of treatment with esmolol, patients had a significant increase in Pcc (31.4 vs. 36.7 mmHg, P < 0.01). The difference between Pcc and Pmsf before and after treatment was statistically different (4.0 vs. 10.0 mmHg, P < 0.01). After heart rate control with esmolol, the patients had a significant increase in the body circulation vascular resistance indices (RIs) (15.14 vs. 18.25 mmHg/min/m2/L, P < 0.001). There was an increase in ScvO2 in patients after treatment with esmolol, but the difference was not statistically significant (68.4% vs. 69.8%, P > 0.05), while Pcv-aCO2 was significantly lower (6.3 vs. 4.9 mmHg, P < 0.001) and patients had a significant decrease in blood lactate levels (4.0 vs. 3.6 mmol/L, P < 0.05). Conclusion Patients with septic shock whose heart rate is greater than 95 beats/min after hemodynamic optimization were treated with esmolol, which could effectively control heart rate and reduce CI, as well as improve Pcc and increase the difference between Pcc and Pmsf (known as “vascular waterfall” phenomenon), without affecting MAP, CVP, Pmsf and arteriovenous vascular resistance, and improve the balance of oxygen supply and demand in the body.

scholarly journals Effects of Esmolol on Vascular Waterfall Phenomenon in Septic Shock Patients by Bedside Measurement of Critical Closure Pressure and Mean Systemic Filling Pressure: A Prospective Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehan Liu ◽  
Chuanliang Pan ◽  
Jianping Liu ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Hui Xie
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Rate Control ◽  
Oxygen Supply ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Filling Pressure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Heart Rate Control ◽  
Hemodynamic Optimization ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background To explore the effect of esmolol on the vascular waterfall phenomenon and body oxygen supply and demand in septic shock patients by bedside measurements of critical closure pressure (Pcc) and mean systemic circulation filling pressure (Pmsf). Methods Enrolled in the Intensive Care Medicine Unit (ICU) of the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu City/Southwest Jiaotong University Hospital from August 2019 to January 2021, admitted to our department for infectious shock. Adults with endotracheal intubation, invasive ventilator-assisted ventilation, pulse-indicated continuous cardiac output monitoring (PiCCO) catheters and deep venous catheters placed for medical reasons. Results After 24 hours of initial hemodynamic optimization, 56 patients were finally enrolled. After heart rate control with esmolol, patients had a significant decrease in cardiac index (CI) (4.0 vs. 3.3 L/min/m2, p < 0.001), a significant increase in stroke index (SI) (34.1 vs. 36.6 ml/m2, p < 0.01), and a significant decrease in heart rate (HR) (116.8 vs. 90.6 beats/min, p < 0.001). After 1 hour of treatment with esmolol, patients had a significant increase in Pcc (31.4 vs 36.7 mmHg, p < 0.01). The difference between Pcc and Pmsf before and after treatment was statistically different (4.0 vs 10.0 mmHg, p < 0.01). After heart rate control with esmolol, the patients had a significant increase in the body circulation vascular resistance indices (RIs) (15.14 vs 18.25 mmHg/min/m2-L-1, p < 0.001). There was an increase in ScvO2 in patients after treatment with esmolol, but the difference was not statistically significant (68.4% vs 69.8%, p > 0.05), while Pcv-aCO2 was significantly lower (6.3 vs 4.9 mmHg, p < 0.001) and patients had a significant decrease in blood lactate levels (4.0 vs 3.6 mmol/L, p < 0.05) . Conclusion Patients with septic shock whose heart rate was still greater than 95 beats/min after hemodynamic optimization were treated with esmolol, which could effectively control heart rate and reduce CI, as well as improve Pcc and increase the difference between Pcc and Pmsf, without affecting MAP, CVP, Pmsf and arteriovenous vascular resistance, and improve the balance of oxygen supply and demand in the body.

scholarly journals Effect of Repeated Exposure to Contrasting Temperatures on the Body of Working Age Men with Different Types of Autonomic Regulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 394-404
Author(s):  
Tat’yana A. Fisher ◽  
◽  
Svetlana S. Kolyvanova
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Autonomic Regulation ◽  
Repeated Exposure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Working Age

The aim of this paper was to study changes in the haemodynamic and psychophysiological parameters of working age men as a result of repeated exposure to contrasting temperatures, depending on the type of autonomic regulation. Materials and methods. The research involved 14 men (aged 34.77 ± 5.66 years; office workers) divided into two groups according to Kérdö index: those with the sympathetic (n = 8) and parasympathetic (n = 6) types of self-regulation. Cold conditioning followed a certain plan of exposure to contrasting temperatures. The haemodynamic and psychophysiological parameters as well as adaptive potential were assessed 20 minutes before and 20 minutes after the exposure (alternating temperature cycles). We examined the following parameters: heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse and mean arterial pressure, stroke volume, cardiac output, vascular resistance, and adaptive potential according to Baevsky. Integral psychophysiological parameters were determined using the Lüscher express method. Results. Subjects with predominance of sympathetic regulation both before and after the exposure to contrasting temperatures had higher values of heart rate and cardiac output and lower vascular resistance than the parasympathicotonic group. Individuals with predominance of parasympathetic regulation showed decreased cardiac output and a significant increase in vascular resistance after the exposure compared with the initial data. We found statistically significant differences in the integral parameters “heteronomy/autonomy” and “balance of personal traits” between the groups under study before the conditioning procedures. The research indicates that repeated exposure to contrasting temperatures not only affects the haemodynamic parameters, but also changes the psychophysiological parameters, motivated behaviour in particular. For citation: Fisher T.A., Kolyvanova S.S. Effect of Repeated Exposure to Contrasting Temperatures on the Body of Working Age Men with Different Types of Autonomic Regulation. Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2021, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 394–404. DOI: 10.37482/2687-1491-Z077

scholarly journals Hypoxia Pathway Proteins and Their Impact on the Blood Vasculature

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9191
Author(s):  
Diego Rodriguez ◽  
Deepika Watts ◽  
Diana Gaete ◽  
Sundary Sormendi ◽  
Ben Wielockx
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Oxygen Supply ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Oxygen Sensors ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factors ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Number Of Genes ◽  
Hif Prolyl Hydroxylase

Every cell in the body requires oxygen for its functioning, in virtually every animal, and a tightly regulated system that balances oxygen supply and demand is therefore fundamental. The vascular network is one of the first systems to sense oxygen, and deprived oxygen (hypoxia) conditions automatically lead to a cascade of cellular signals that serve to circumvent the negative effects of hypoxia, such as angiogenesis associated with inflammation, tumor development, or vascular disorders. This vascular signaling is driven by central transcription factors, namely the hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs), which determine the expression of a growing number of genes in endothelial cells and pericytes. HIF functions are tightly regulated by oxygen sensors known as the HIF-prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins (PHDs), which are enzymes that hydroxylate HIFs for eventual proteasomal degradation. HIFs, as well as PHDs, represent attractive therapeutic targets under various pathological settings, including those involving vascular (dys)function. We focus on the characteristics and mechanisms by which vascular cells respond to hypoxia under a variety of conditions.

Haemodynamic and Neurohumoral Effects of Caffeine in Elderly Patients with Symptomatic Postprandial Hypotension: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study

1994 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis A. Lipsitz ◽  
Rene W. M. M. Jansen ◽  
Carolyn M. Connelly ◽  
Margaret M. Kelley-Gagnon ◽  
Anthony J. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Postprandial Hypotension ◽  
Forearm Vascular Resistance

1. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of caffeine on haemodynamic and neurohumoral responses to meal ingestion in elderly patients with a history of symptomatic postprandial hypotension. 2. Postprandial hypotension is a common disorder of blood pressure regulation in the elderly, associated with falls and syncope. The pathophysiological mechanism is thought to be related to impaired vascular compensation for splanchnic blood pooling after a meal. Since caffeine inhibits vasodilatory adenosine receptors in the splanchnic circulation, we postulated that caffeine would reduce splanchnic blood pooling and prevent the development of postprandial hypotension. 3. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study in nine elderly patients [age 76 ± 9 (SD) years] with histories of symptomatic postprandial hypotension. Standardized 1674 kJ liquid meals with 250 mg of caffeine or placebo were given on two occasions, at least 1 week apart. Blood pressure, heart rate, forearm vascular resistance (by venous occlusion plethysmography), and plasma caffeine and catecholamine levels were measured. Cardiac and splanchnic blood volume were determined by radionuclide scans. 4. By 30 min after both caffeine and placebo meal studies, supine mean arterial blood pressure fell significantly (P = 0.006) by 31 ± 7 and 19 ± 6 mmHg, respectively (mean ± SEM, between group difference was not significant). Heart rate, cardiac output and splanchnic blood volume increased significantly, but to a similar extent, after caffeine and placebo. Forearm vascular resistance was unchanged after both meals. 5. Oral caffeine given with a meal does not reduce splanchnic blood pooling nor prevent postprandial hypotension in symptomatic elderly patients.

Failure of accentuated vertical body movements to induce cardiac-locomotor coupling

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1368-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Kirby ◽  
S. M. Atkinson ◽  
J. E. Donville ◽  
M. F. Urdang ◽  
D. A. Stanley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
The Body ◽  
Force Platform ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Vertical Movements ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Powerful Stimulus ◽  
The Difference

Cardiac-locomotor coupling (CLC) has been reported during a variety of rhythmic human activities. One reason postulated for such coupling is that axial movements of the viscera during some activities (the “visceral piston”) may enhance expulsion of blood from the heart; if so, accentuated vertical movements of the body should provide a powerful stimulus to coupling. To test this hypothesis, we studied 20 subjects hopping and 20 others skipping rope for greater than or equal to 10 min while electrocardiographic and force-platform signals were recorded, from which we derived the subjects' exercise and heart rates. The incidence and intensity of apparent coupling in the test subjects were compared with those of cross-over controls, where the heart rate of each subject was related to the hopping or skipping rate of a matched subject. Ratios consistent with coupling were seen in 10 (50%) hopping subjects under test conditions and in 13 (65%) under control conditions; among skipping subjects, the incidences were 11 (55%) and 10 (50%). In neither group of subjects was the difference in the incidences or the intensities of apparent CLC statistically significant. Our failure to detect CLC while our subjects were hopping or skipping suggests that the visceral piston is unimportant to the CLC phenomenon.

THE TOUCH OF THE STETHOSCOPE: SHAPING CONTEXT IN INTIMATE PERFORMANCE

Tempo ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (287) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Teoma Naccarato ◽  
John MacCallum
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dance Performance ◽  
Intended Purpose ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Sensory Processes ◽  
The Invisible

AbstractWhen tools like the stethoscope and electrocardiogram are appropriated for use beyond their intended purpose – for example in music and dance performance – how does the training of foreign users shift the framing of sound, and therefore what types of sounds from the body and apparatus come to be analysed or considered? Can we qualify the difference between a doctor and a composer listening to the heart through a stethoscope? How do the motives and methods of practitioners inform what they hear, and how they touch – to the exclusion of sensory processes beyond their frame of reference? As a choreographer and composer working with heart rate sensors, we do not seek to reveal or represent the invisible workings of the heart. Rather, in our performances and installations, the sonification and haptification of heart rhythms – along with the noise produced by the apparatus and its use – are a means to compose a context for intimate listening and touch between performers and visitors at the edges of appropriateness.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN DENYUT JANTUNG DAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA ATLET PREDOMINAN AEROBIK DAN ANAEROBIK KONI JAWA BARAT TAHUN 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Hafiz Aziz ◽  
Titing Nurhayati ◽  
Nova Sylviana
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Rock Climbing ◽  
Weight Lifting ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bicycle Racing ◽  
The Difference

Exercise when done regularly will give big impact to the body. One of the alteration in an athlete that can be made is the cardiovascular system change. This study aimed to discover the difference of heart rate and blood pressure between aerobic predominant athlete and anaerobic predominant athlete. The study design was case-control, data collected from 80 athletes divided into 40 aerobic predominant athletes (canoe, sail, gantole, shooting, and bicycle racing) and 40 anaerobic predominant athletes (weight lifting, taekwondo, softball, tarung derajat, and rock climbing) in KONI West Java, Bandung. Sample was collected by random sampling and analyzed by T test independent. The result showed there was significant difference of heart rate between aerobic predominant athlete and anaerobic predominant athlete (p=0,0001), and lower in aerobic. There was also no significant difference of systolic blood pressure between predominant aerobic athlete and predominant anaerobic athlete (p=0,404), and was higher in anaerobic. Another result showed no significant difference of diastolic blood pressure between predominant aerobic athlete and predominant anaerobic athlete (p=0,553) and was higher in anaerobic. In conclusion, there was significant difference of the heart rate, but no difference of systolic and diastolic blood pressure between aerobic predominant and anaerobic predominant athlete.

Non-contact heart rate assessment based on spectral analysis of video images

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.Yu. Loskutov ◽  
O.V. Melnik ◽  
E.R. Muratov ◽  
M.B. Nikiforov
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Video Images ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Video Sequence Analysis ◽  
Contact Sensors

Heart rate is one of the main physiological indicators of the body, and the parameters of heart rate variability reflect various aspects of the functional and psychoemotional status. Automatic determination of a person's condition based on video sequence analysis is an important problem in various areas related to ensuring the safety of production, air and transport communications, prevention of crimes and terrorist threats, etc. Therefore, an important task is to develop methods and algorithms for analyzing video images that allow remote monitoring of heart rate parameters. Purpose – development and software implementation of a method for non-contact assessment of heart rate based on spectral analysis of a video image of a person's face recorded using a traditional video camera. A method for non-contact measurement of heart rate has been developed, including the stages of data collection and preprocessing, spectral analysis of video images and analysis of the information obtained to calculate the results. The difference between the values of the average heart rate recorded using contact sensors and using the developed software does not exceed 3-4 beats per minute. The proposed approach can be implemented as part of various information systems where it is required to control the functional and psycho-emotional status of a person, for example, systems for operator’s status monitoring.

PERBEDAAN DENYUT JANTUNG DAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA ATLET PREDOMINAN AEROBIK DAN ANAEROBIK KONI JAWA BARAT TAHUN 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Hafiz Aziz ◽  
Titing Nurhayati ◽  
Nova Sylviana
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Rock Climbing ◽  
Weight Lifting ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bicycle Racing ◽  
The Difference

Exercise when done regularly will give big impact to the body. One of the alteration in an athlete that can be made is the cardiovascular system change. This study aimed to discover the difference of heart rate and blood pressure between aerobic predominant athlete and anaerobic predominant athlete. The study design was case-control, data collected from 80 athletes divided into 40 aerobic predominant athletes (canoe, sail, gantole, shooting, and bicycle racing) and 40 anaerobic predominant athletes (weight lifting, taekwondo, softball, tarung derajat, and rock climbing) in KONI West Java, Bandung. Sample was collected by random sampling and analyzed by T test independent. The result showed there was significant difference of heart rate between aerobic predominant athlete and anaerobic predominant athlete (p=0,0001), and lower in aerobic. There was also no significant difference of systolic blood pressure between predominant aerobic athlete and predominant anaerobic athlete (p=0,404), and was higher in anaerobic. Another result showed no significant difference of diastolic blood pressure between predominant aerobic athlete and predominant anaerobic athlete (p=0,553) and was higher in anaerobic. In conclusion, there was significant difference of the heart rate, but no difference of systolic and diastolic blood pressure between aerobic predominant and anaerobic predominant athlete.

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