scholarly journals Umbrella systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses on comorbid physical conditions in people with autism spectrum disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 218 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewelina Rydzewska ◽  
Kirsty Dunn ◽  
Sally-Ann Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Sensory Impairments ◽  
Meta Analyses

BackgroundComorbid physical conditions may be more common in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) than other people.AimsTo identify what is and what is not known about comorbid physical conditions in people with ASD.MethodWe undertook an umbrella systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses on comorbid physical conditions in people with ASD. Five databases were searched. There were strict inclusion/exclusion criteria. We undertook double reviewing for eligibility, systematic data extraction and quality assessment. Prospective PROSPERO registration: CRD42015020896.ResultsIn total, 24 of 5552 retrieved articles were included, 15 on children, 1 on adults, and 8 both on children and adults. Although the quality of included reviews was good, most reported several limitations in the studies they included and considerable heterogeneity. Comorbid physical conditions are common, and some are more prevalent than in the general population: sleep problems, epilepsy, sensory impairments, atopy, autoimmune disorders and obesity. Asthma is not. However, there are substantial gaps in the evidence base. Fewer studies have been undertaken on other conditions and some findings are inconsistent.ConclusionsComorbid physical conditions occur more commonly in people with ASD, but the evidence base is slim and more research is needed. Some comorbidities compound care if clinicians are unaware, for example sensory impairments, given the communication needs of people with ASD. Others, such as obesity, can lead to an array of other conditions, disadvantages and early mortality. It is essential that potentially modifiable physical conditions are identified to ensure people with ASD achieve their best outcomes. Heightening clinicians’ awareness is important to aid in assessments and differential diagnoses, and to improve healthcare.

A Systematic Review of Law Enforcement Training Related to Autism Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten S. Railey ◽  
Abigail M. A. Love ◽  
Jonathan M. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Law Enforcement Training ◽  
Training Format ◽  
Effectiveness Of Training ◽  
Meta Analyses

Although research confirms the effectiveness of training to improve law enforcement officers’ (LEOs) awareness and knowledge of people with intellectual disability and learning disabilities, review of the efficacy of autism-specific law enforcement training is needed. To provide up-to-date information regarding training for LEOs related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a systematic review of the literature was conducted. Adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Protocols (PRISMA), we conducted a search of 13 professional databases and 28 journals using search terms related to both ASD and law enforcement training. From 606 articles identified during the initial search, only two articles met inclusion criteria, which suggests that limited research exists that explores ASD and law enforcement training. Included studies were summarized in terms of participants as well as training format, content, and outcomes. Limitations of the current literature, directions for future research, and current implications for practice are discussed.

scholarly journals W12. BEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS IN GENETIC RODENT MODELS OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSES

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. e153-e154
Author(s):  
Alana Panzenhagen ◽  
Ana Paula Herrmann ◽  
Leandro Bertoglio ◽  
Amanda Cavalcanti ◽  
Dirson Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Meta Analyses

Prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders among people with autism spectrum disorder: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mahbub Hossain ◽  
Nusrat Khan ◽  
Abida Sultana ◽  
Ping Ma ◽  
E. Lisako J. McKyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
Meta Analyses

<p>With ever-increasing prevalence of various mental disorders worldwide, a comprehensive evaluation of the prevalence of co-occurring psychiatric disorders among individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is needed to strengthen the knowledge base. This umbrella review aims to summarize the current evidence on the prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders among people with ASD. A systematic search of 12 major databases and additional sources was conducted. Any systematically conducted narrative, qualitative, or meta-analytic review reporting the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among people with ASD with no age or geographical restriction were included. From a total of 2755 records, 26 articles representing 14 systematic reviews and 12 meta-analyses met the criteria of this review. The synthesized findings reveal a high burden of comorbid psychiatric disorders among people with ASD, including anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, bipolar and mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum, suicidal behavior disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, disruptive, impulse-control and conduct disorders amongst diverse age groups, with a majority in younger participants. Most studies were conducted in developed nations, with limited evidence from low and middle-income countries. These synthesized findings provide high-quality evidence for clinical and policy-level decision-making from a global overview of the status of comorbid psychiatric disorders among people with ASD.</p>

scholarly journals Subjective and Electroencephalographic Sleep Parameters in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 3893
Author(s):  
Maria Giuseppina Petruzzelli ◽  
Emilia Matera ◽  
Donatella Giambersio ◽  
Lucia Marzulli ◽  
Alessandra Gabellone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Adolescents With Autism ◽  
Sleep Parameters ◽  
Sleep Abnormalities

Background: Sleep problems have commonly manifested in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with a complex and multifactorial interaction between clinical and etiological components. These disorders are associated with functional impairment, and provoke significant physical and mental affliction. The purpose of this study is to update the existing literature about objective and subjective sleep parameters in children and adolescents with ASD, extrapolating information from polysomnography or sleep electroencephalography, and sleep related questionnaires. Methods: We have conducted a systematic review of case-control studies on this topic, performing a web-based search on PubMed, Scopus and the Web of Science databases according to the Preferred Reporting items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results: Data collected from 20 survey result reports showed that children and adolescents with ASD experienced a higher rate of sleep abnormalities than in typically developing children. The macrostructural sleep parameters that were consistent with subjective parent reported measures unveil a greater percentage of nighttime signs of insomnia. Sleep microstructure patterns, in addition, pointed towards the bidirectional relationship between brain dysfunctions and sleep problems in children with ASD. Conclusions: Today’s literature acknowledges that objective and subjective sleep difficulties are more often recognized in individuals with ASD, so clinicians should assess sleep quality in the ASD clinical population, taking into consideration the potential implications on treatment strategies. It would be worthwhile in future studies to examine how factors, such as age, cognitive level or ASD severity could be related to ASD sleep abnormalities. Future research should directly assess whether sleep alterations could represent a specific marker for atypical brain development in ASD.

The Evidence Base for Interventions for Individuals With ASD: A Call to Improve Practice Conceptualization and Synthesis

2021 ◽  
pp. 108835762110233
Author(s):  
Jennifer R. Ledford ◽  
Joseph M. Lambert ◽  
Erin E. Barton ◽  
Kevin M. Ayres
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Effective Practices ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Evidence Based Practices ◽  
Gray Literature ◽  
Complex Process

Identifying potentially effective practices for improving outcomes for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex process. In this article, we respond to recent reviews of evidence-based practices for individuals with ASD. We identify possible problems and make suggestions in relation to identifying well-specified practices, inclusion of gray literature, and considering use of studies with noneffects in systematic reviews.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Psychotic Experiences in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Autistic Traits: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoki Kiyono ◽  
Masaya Morita ◽  
Ryo Morishima ◽  
Shinya Fujikawa ◽  
Syudo Yamasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Psychotic Experiences ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Statistical Results

Abstract Several reports have highlighted an association between psychotic experiences (PEs) and autism spectrum disorder/autistic traits; however, no systematic review of the evidence has been done. We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Cochrane database on November 20, 2018, for studies providing statistical results on the association between PEs and autism spectrum disorder/autistic traits. Meta-analyses were conducted for both the prevalence of PEs in autism spectrum disorder and the correlation coefficients between PEs and autistic traits. Subgroup analyses were conducted for each PE subtype. Among the 17 included studies, 9 had data about prevalence and 8 had data about correlation. The pooled prevalence of PEs in autism spectrum disorder was 24% (95% confidence interval [CI] 14%–34%). However, subanalyses found that prevalence varied between PE subtypes (hallucinations, 6% [95% CI 1%–11%] and delusions, 45% [95% CI 0%–99%]). Pooled results showed that PEs and autistic traits had a weak to medium correlation (r = .34 [95% CI 0.27–0.41]). Based on our meta-analysis, PEs seem to be more prevalent in individuals with autism spectrum disorder/autistic traits than in the general population, but this finding may vary according to the PE subtype. Future studies should focus on statistical results for each PE subtype separately. More studies should be conducted to clarify the relationship between autism spectrum disorder/autistic traits and PEs by subtype.

Prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders among people with autism spectrum disorder: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mahbub Hossain ◽  
Nusrat Khan ◽  
Abida Sultana ◽  
Ping Ma ◽  
E. Lisako J. McKyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
Meta Analyses

<p>With ever-increasing prevalence of various mental disorders worldwide, a comprehensive evaluation of the prevalence of co-occurring psychiatric disorders among individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is needed to strengthen the knowledge base. This umbrella review aims to summarize the current evidence on the prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders among people with ASD. A systematic search of 12 major databases and additional sources was conducted. Any systematically conducted narrative, qualitative, or meta-analytic review reporting the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among people with ASD with no age or geographical restriction were included. From a total of 2755 records, 26 articles representing 14 systematic reviews and 12 meta-analyses met the criteria of this review. The synthesized findings reveal a high burden of comorbid psychiatric disorders among people with ASD, including anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, bipolar and mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum, suicidal behavior disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, disruptive, impulse-control and conduct disorders amongst diverse age groups, with a majority in younger participants. Most studies were conducted in developed nations, with limited evidence from low and middle-income countries. These synthesized findings provide high-quality evidence for clinical and policy-level decision-making from a global overview of the status of comorbid psychiatric disorders among people with ASD.</p>

scholarly journals Actividad física y ejercicio físico en el desempeño motor de niños y adolescentes diagnosticados con trastorno del espectro autista: una revisión sistemática

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Montalva Valenzuela ◽  
Jorge Olivares-Arancibia ◽  
Antonio Castillo-Paredes
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Revisión Sistemática ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objetivo: Examinar el efecto de las intervenciones de actividad física o ejercicio físico sobre el desempeño motor en niños y adolescentes diagnosticados con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA). Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática considerando los últimos 10 años (hasta febrero del 2021), utilizando las bases de datos Pubmed, Scopus, WoS y SciELO. Se utilizaron las siguientes palabras clave; “children” OR “adolescent” AND “autism spectrum disorder” AND “exercise” OR “physical activity” AND “motor skills” OR “performance motor”. Todas las etapas fueron desarrolladas a través del Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Resultados: La estrategia de búsqueda arrojó 169 estudios de los cuales cinco investigaciones cumplieron con los criterios de selección, evidenciando como diferentes intervenciones de actividad física y ejercicio físico producen mejoras sobre el desempeño motor en niños y adolescentes diagnosticados con TEA. Conclusión: Intervenciones basados en programas de actividad física y ejercicio físico producen mejoras en el desempeño motor en niños y adolescentes con TEA, considerando una duración de 30 min a 75 min por sesión y una o dos veces por semana.

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