scholarly journals Years of Potential Life Lost Because of Breast and Cervical Cancers in Guatemala

2020 ◽  
pp. 761-765
Author(s):  
Alba J. Kihn-Alarcón ◽  
Juan F. Alvarado-Muñoz ◽  
Loida I. Orozco-Fuentes ◽  
Erwin Calgua-Guerra ◽  
Vicky Fuentes-de Falla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Health Information System ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Cervical Cancers

PURPOSE Worldwide cervical and breast cancers are among the most commonly diagnosed cancers and are leading cause of cancer deaths among females in low- and middle-income countries. In Guatemala, breast and cervical cancers are the main cause of cancer-related deaths among women. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the years of potential life lost (YPLL) as an indicator of premature deaths as a result of breast and cervical cancers. METHODS Data on the number of deaths as a result of breast and cervical cancers (International Classification of Diseases [10th revision] codes C50 and C53) between 2012 and 2016 and age composition by quinquennials were retrieved from the Health Information System of the Guatemalan Health Ministry. On the basis of each individual’s age at death, YPLL was estimated for females between 20 and 70 years of age. RESULTS A total of 1,476 deaths related to breast and cervical cancers was reported over the study period. The trend in breast cancer mortality rate and YPLL did not change from 2012 to 2016. The cervical cancer mortality rate has decreased to 10 deaths per 1 million habitants ( P = .046). There has been a reduction in YPLL because of cervical cancer, from 50.18 YPLL in 2012 to 29.19 YPLL by 2016, mainly in women between 30 and 34 years of age, in whom YPLL decreased from 600 to 112.50 ( P = .046). CONCLUSION Cervical cancer screening has significantly reduced the mortality rate of this malignancy, and screening of breast cancer must include creating awareness of the disease and providing access to women at risk.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Breast Cancer Mortality Rate in Portugal Over a Decade: Spatiotemporal Clustering Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Inês Afonso Gomes ◽  
Carla Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Female Breast Cancer ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Female Breast ◽  
Spatiotemporal Clustering

Introduction: Breast cancer is the first cause of cancer-related death in Portuguese women. This study aimed to characterize female breast cancer mortality in Portugal in the period between 2002 and 2013, with a special focus on spatiotemporal patterns.Material and Methods: The breast cancer mortality rate was studied using descriptive analysis (unadjusted and age-adjusted), and spatiotemporal clustering analyses.Results: In 2002 – 2013 the breast cancer mortality rate was 28.47/100 000 inhabitants and the age-adjusted mortality rate was 19.46/100 000 inhabitants. In this period the Lisbon region (urban), Alentejo and Algarve (rural) presented higher breast cancer mortality rate, but Madeira (urban), Lisbon and Algarve had higher age-adjusted mortality rate. In the spatiotemporal analysis, the overall mortality rate showed an increasing trend of 1.218%/year, without spatial variations. Also, different patterns were detected in the < 50, 50 - 64 and ≥ 65 age-groups (+ 0.725%, - 1.781% and + 0.896%, respectively). One temporal (2004 – 2006) and one spatiotemporal cluster (North coast) presented significantly lower mortality rate than expected for the period and/or area (26.2 and 16.1/100 000 inhabitants, respectively). Conversely, two spatiotemporal clusters, located in the city of Lisbon (2002 – 2007) and in the Centre region (2008 – 2013), presented significantly higher breast cancer mortality rate than expected (48.6 and 34.9/100 000 inhabitants, relative risk: 1.74 and 1.26, respectively).Discussion: The annual female crude and adjusted breast cancer mortality rate matched previous publications. However the annual increase detected in the unadjusted rate clashes with the published literature. Overall, the presence of spatiotemporal clusters supports the uneven distribution of the breast cancer mortality reported previously in the different Portuguese regions.Conclusion: This study identified areas and trends of the female breast cancer mortality rate, showing high spatiotemporal variations that must support further detailed studies/interventions.

scholarly journals A magyarországi emlő- és méhnyakszűrés retrospektív vizsgálatának jellemzői a halálozási és megbetegedési adatok tükrében

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (49) ◽  
pp. 1948-1956
Author(s):  
Attila Sárváry ◽  
Pál Csaba Bálint ◽  
Anikó Gyulai ◽  
Zsigmond Kósa
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
In Situ Carcinoma ◽  
Cervical Cancer Mortality ◽  
Morbidity Data

Abstract: Introduction: The organized breast and cervical screening programs were implemented in the framework of public health program in Hungary in order to reduce breast cancer mortality by 30% and cervical cancer mortality by 60% in given age groups within 10 years by 2012. Aim: The aim of our study was to conduct a retrospective analysis of mortality and morbidity data and to evaluate the effectiveness of the implemented screening programs. Method: Descriptive statistical analysis was performed by age-standardized mortality and morbidity data between 1980 and 2015 with special regard to the period of 2002–2012. Results: Breast cancer mortality of women aged 45–64 reduced by 28.3%, the incidence reduced by 23.6% and the incidence of in situ carcinoma increased by 242% between 2002 and 2012. Cervical cancer mortality of women aged 25–64 years reduced by 25.5%, the incidence reduced by 21.2%, and the incidence of in situ carcinoma increased by 13.3% during 2002–2012. Conclusion: Although both breast cancer and cervical cancer mortality substantially decreased in Hungary, the decrease in cervical cancer did not reach the target value. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(49): 1948–1956.

Disparities in breast cancer mortality trends in a middle income country

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 1199-1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Pedraza ◽  
Marina Pollán ◽  
Roberto Pastor-Barriuso ◽  
Anna Cabanes
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Middle Income Country ◽  
Income Country ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Middle Income

scholarly journals Estimated Effects of the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program on Breast Cancer Mortality

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Hoerger ◽  
Donatus U. Ekwueme ◽  
Jacqueline W. Miller ◽  
Vladislav Uzunangelov ◽  
Ingrid J. Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Cancer Early Detection ◽  
Breast And Cervical Cancer ◽  
National Breast ◽  
Detection Program ◽  
Early Detection Program

Programme sensitivity and effectiveness of mammography service screening in Helsinki, Finland

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Anttila ◽  
J. Koskela ◽  
M. Hakama
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Incident Cases

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of mammography service screening. SETTING: Helsinki (population 0.5 million), the capital of Finland, the breast cancer service screening programme was started gradually in 1986. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was based on the data from the breast cancer screening programme in Helsinki. All incident cases of breast cancer and rates in the female population in Helsinki during the period 1970–97, and information on the subsequent breast cancer mortality were derived from the files of the Finnish Cancer Registry. To estimate the sensitivity of the programme, the number of screen detected cancers were compared with the overall number of breast cancers at the targeted age groups. Effects of screening were estimated for cumulative incidence and for the refined mortalities among the birth cohorts screened. RESULTS: Altogether 144 400 invitations had been sent during 1986–97 among the 50–9 year old women as targeted in Helsinki. The average attendance rate was 82%; and 545 breast cancers were detected by screening, with a detection rate of 0.46%. In the birth cohort of women born between the start of 1935 and the end of 1939—namely, those subjected to most complete screening and long follow up time since the onset of the programme—there was an increase in the cumulative incidence of breast cancer (relative risk (RR) 1.18, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.09 to 1.27). The estimated sensitivity of the screening programme was 58%; and 53% if corrected for overdiagnosis. There was also a decrease of 19% (RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.62 to 1.05) in the refined mortality within this screened birth cohort, compared with the death rate of women of comparable ages in the non-screened reference cohort. CONCLUSION: The study provides further support to the hypothesis that service screening with mammography reduces the risk of breast cancer mortality.

scholarly journals Temporal trends in female breast cancer mortality in a state in Legal Amazon

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J C S Oliveira ◽  
N D Galvão ◽  
B S N Souza ◽  
A M C S Andrade ◽  
J F Cabral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Female Breast Cancer ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Annual Mortality

Abstract Background Breast cancer is the fifth most common cause of death from cancer in women worldwide. In Brazil, mortality rates are increasing. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze breast cancer mortality between 2000 and 2018 in Mato Grosso, a Brazilian state in Legal Amazon. Methods Ecological study analyzing temporal trends. Data were extracted from the Mortality Information System. The selected variables were: sex (female), cause of death (C-50, in the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases - ICD 10), age (less than 50 years-old, equal or older than 50 years-old) and year of death (2000-2018). Resident population data were obtained from the Ministry of Health's database (DATASUS) for calculation of breast cancer annual mortality rates. Temporal trends were estimated using linear regression. All analyses were done in the STATA 14.0. Results Between 2000 and 2018, 2,276 deaths from breast cancer were registered in women. Of these, 756 (33.2%) in the youngest age group and 1,520 (66.8%) in the oldest age group. A statistically significant increase in breast cancer mortality was found for both age groups (p &lt; 0.001). In the annual mortality rates analysis, women in the youngest age group had the lowest rate in 2003 (1.98 deaths/100,000 women) and the highest rate in 2018 (7.88 deaths/100,000 women). The oldest age group had the lowest mortality rate in 2000 (21.48 death/100,000 women) and the highest rate in 2017 (47.09 deaths/100,000). The mean mortality rate was 5.69 for the youngest age group and 33.19 for the oldest age group. The annual percentage of change was 33.31 for the youngest group and 62.49 for the oldest group. Conclusions There is a statistically significant increase in female breast cancer mortality rate in Mato Grosso, one of the Brazilian states in Legal Amazon. It is imperative to invest in breast cancer screening to enable the reduction of the mortality rate of the disease. Key messages Our study presents information of breast cancer in a state from Legal Amazon that has increased death rates by the years 2000 to 2018. Besides breast cancer is relevant in Brazil, this is the first analysis from this specific data, potential to support improvement in disease control.

scholarly journals Androgen Receptor Expression and Breast Cancer Survival: Results From the Nurses’ Health Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 111 (7) ◽  
pp. 700-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin H Kensler ◽  
Elizabeth M Poole ◽  
Yujing J Heng ◽  
Laura C Collins ◽  
Benjamin Glass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Linear Association ◽  
Log Linear

Abstract Background Hormone receptor signaling is critical in the progression of breast cancers, although the role of the androgen receptor (AR) remains unclear, particularly for estrogen receptor (ER)–negative tumors. This study assessed AR protein expression as a prognostic marker for breast cancer mortality. Methods This study included 4147 pre- and postmenopausal women with invasive breast cancer from the Nurses’ Health Study (diagnosed 1976–2008) and Nurses’ Health Study II (1989–2008) cohorts. AR protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and scored through pathologist review and as a digitally quantified continuous measure. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of breast cancer mortality were estimated from Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for patient, tumor, and treatment covariates. Results Over a median 16.5 years of follow-up, there were 806 deaths due to breast cancer. In the 7 years following diagnosis, AR expression was associated with a 27% reduction in breast cancer mortality overall (multivariable HR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.58 to 0.91) a 47% reduction for ER+ cancers (HR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.41 to 0.69), and a 62% increase for ER− cancers (HR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.18 to 2.22) (P heterogeneity < .001). A log-linear association was observed between AR expression and breast cancer mortality among ER− cancers (HR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.26 per each 10% increase in AR), although no log-linear association was observed among ER+ cancers. Conclusions AR expression was associated with improved prognosis in ER+ tumors and worse prognosis in ER− tumors in the first 5–10 years postdiagnosis. These findings support the continued evaluation of AR-targeted therapies for AR+/ER− breast cancers.

scholarly journals A Study of Relationship Between Breast Cancer Mortality Rate and Human Development Index: Global Trend Analysis from 1990 to 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Zolghadr ◽  
Masoud Salehi ◽  
Afsaneh Dehnad ◽  
Farid Zayeri
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Female Breast Cancer ◽  
Development Status ◽  
Female Breast ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Female breast cancer is known as one of the top five cancers in terms of mortality. Regarding contradictory reports about the mortality trend of this cancer and its association with the socio-economic status of the world countries, we aimed at assessing the global trend of female breast cancer mortality rate and investigate the relationship between its mortality rate and development status. Methods: The breast cancer Age Standardized Mortality Rate (ASMR) per 100,000 and Human Development Index (HDI) for 179 world countries were extracted, respectively from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 study and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) database, for the period 1990 to 2017. The marginal modeling methodology was employed to analyze the global trend of ASMR and examine the relationship between ASMR and HDI. Results: The results showed a slightly constant curve for the global trend of breast cancer ASMR from 1990 to 2017 (around 17 per 100,000). Moreover, it was indicated that the ASMR is strongly related to development status. While countries with higher levels of HDI have experienced a declining trend of breast cancer mortality rate, countries with lower HDI levels experienced an ascending trend at this period. Conclusions: In general, the findings showed that mortality due to breast cancer is still a major health problem in total world countries. Hence, more efforts should be made to screen the patients in the early stages of the disease and promote the level of care, especially in countries with lower levels of economic development.

scholarly journals Breast cancer mortality and associated factors in São Paulo State, Brazil: an ecological analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e016395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Simone Grilo Diniz ◽  
Alessandra Cristina Guedes Pellini ◽  
Adeylson Guimarães Ribeiro ◽  
Marcello Vannucci Tedardi ◽  
Marina Jorge de Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Informed Choice ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Age Group ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Municipal Level

ObjectiveIdentify the factors associated with the age-standardised breast cancer mortality rate in the municipalities of State of São Paulo (SSP), Brazil, in the period from 2006 to 2012.DesignEcological study of the breast cancer mortality rate standardised by age, as the dependent variable, having each of the 645 municipalities in the SSP as the unit of analysis.SettingsThe female resident population aged 15 years or older, by age group and municipality, in 2009 (mid-term), obtained from public dataset (Informatics Department of the Unified Health System).ParticipantsWomen 15 years or older who died of breast cancer in the SSP were selected for the calculation of the breast cancer mortality rate, according to the municipality and age group, from 2006 to 2012.Main outcome measuresMortality rates for each municipality calculated by the direct standardisation method, using the age structure of the population of SSP in 2009 as the standard.ResultsIn the final linear regression model, breast cancer mortality, in the municipal level, was directly associated with rates of nulliparity (p<0.0001), mammography (p<0.0001) and private healthcare (p=0.006).ConclusionsThe findings that mammography ratio was associated, in the municipal level, with increased mortality add to the evidence of a probable overestimation of benefits and underestimation of risks associated with this form of screening. The same paradoxical trend of increased mortality with screening was found in recent individual-level studies, indicating the need to expand informed choice for patients, primary prevention actions and individualised screening. Additional studies should be conducted to explore if there is a causality link in this association.

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