Gender Bias in Assessments of Teacher Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 190-195
Author(s):  
Sabrin Beg ◽  
Anne Fitzpatrick ◽  
Adrienne M. Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Gender Bias ◽  
Teacher Effectiveness ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Female Teacher ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
Subjective Evaluations ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Male Teacher

To measure whether principals exhibit gender bias when assessing teacher effectiveness, we compare principals' subjective evaluations against teachers' self-evaluations and objective effectiveness in Ghanaian primary schools. Female and male teachers rate themselves equivalently. Principals are 11 percentage points less likely to rate a female teacher as "more effective," but female teachers are objectively more effective based on student learning. Principals assess the least effective male teacher as more effective than the objectively most effective female teacher. We corroborate results with a survey experiment showing similar gender bias. This bias against female teachers has implications for promotion and student learning.

scholarly journals Diferensiasi Otak Laki-laki dan Perempuan Guru Taman Kanak-kanak Aisyiyah Nyai Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta: Studi Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini Perspektif Gender dan Neurosains

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suyadi Suyadi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Female Dominance ◽  
Female Teacher ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
Female Brain ◽  
Cultural Construct ◽  
Attractive Female

<p class="POINTA">The male and female brains created by God are different. The existence of Islamic education specifically for men and women is a cultural construct. The existence of an attractive female-dominated teacher of Islamic Education Early Childhood (PIAUD) was investigated because it became a turning point in the formulation of gender studies between the emancipation of women and men. This study aims to explain the phenomenon of female teacher dominance in the perspective of gender and neuroscience. The research was conducted throughout 2017 at the TK Aisyiyah Nyai Ahmad Dahlan in Yogyakarta. This study used a qualitative approach, data collection techniques used obser­vation, interviews, and documentation, while the triangu­lation analysis was carried out descriptively, com­pa­ratively and interpretatively. The results of the study showed that culturally sociological PIAUD teachers of TK Aisyiyah Nyai Ahmad Dahlan were 100% female. But this female dominance is not a gender bias because neuro-physiologically the <em>corpus c</em><em>allosum</em> and <em>broca</em> and <em>wernicke</em>'s Area in the female brain is thicker and wider than the male brain. This condition makes female teachers able to educate children more empathic and communicatively than men.</p>

scholarly journals Female Teachers and Girls’ Academic Achievement: a Case of Pokhara Sub Metropolitan in Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Community Schools ◽  
Female Teacher ◽  
Statistical Relationship ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
Academic Scores

Nepalese schools have overwhelmingly more male teachers in public schools that do not align with the growing concern of developed countries with fewer males.  The impetus to recruiting more female teachers in primary schools has been emphasized to bring more girls to schools, reduce their dropouts and have better academic performance. This survey was carried out in 37 community schools through census method in Pokhara sub metropolitan municipality of Kaski district.  Descriptive analysis and t-test were applied to the annual examination records of 5965 students over the five years (2008 – 2012) period.  Results from the survey show the girls have outperformed boys in the five years of trend.  The findings of the study show that there is no statistical relationship between the gender of a teacher and academic scores of the students.  It means that when a female teacher is recruited, it necessarily do not increase the academic performance of girls.

scholarly journals Feminising Schools in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, UAE: Cause for Concern!

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 525
Author(s):  
Martina Dickson ◽  
Johann Le Roux
Keyword(s):  
Role Models ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Abu Dhabi ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Government Schools ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
Male Teacher

Schools in the UAE have been undergoing radical educational reform over the past six years. Government schools are currently gender segregated from grade 1 and staffed by either male or female teachers, but not by both genders in the same school. In 2011 the Abu Dhabi Educational Council (ADEC) announced plans to completely feminise primary schools in the emirate. Emirati male teachers represent a small minority, but one which potentially has a very powerful significance, both culturally and educationally. This paper intends to explore male pre-service teachers’ perceptions of this issue.  Six male Emirati pre-service teachers were interviewed. Our findings show that during internship, they felt that their being male and Emirati was significant and positive, and that pupils were relating to them in a unique way as a result. We found that all had been extremely positively influenced by an Emirati male teacher as school pupils. Most thought that employing a system of feminization would be detrimental to young males seeking male role models and gave examples of the way in which they had observed this. The findings of this small-scale study have potentially significant implications for educational policy-makers in Abu Dhabi and other regions in the Gulf considering school feminization. 

The Vocational Calling of Female Primary School Teachers Teaching in Environments of Multiple Deprivation

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hettie Van der Merwe
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
School Context ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Female Teacher ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Multiple Deprivation ◽  
North West ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
Vocational Calling

A context of multiple deprivation poses challenges to teaching and learning. This article explores the vocational calling of female teachers teaching in multiple-deprived circumstances in South Africa. Based on a qualitative investigation, individual interviews were conducted with 12 female teachers from primary schools in Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal and North West. The aim was to understand what the factors are that define female teacher existence in a school context of multiple deprivation. The findings show that female teacher conduct in such conditions relates to being a mother figure to the core, being a fundraiser to arrange resources for learners, and being a social worker in the parent community. These tasks are achieved through responding jointly to the learning needs of learners exposed to absolute poverty. The findings contribute to the discourse on teacher input to successful learning.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Politeness Strategies Used by Male and Female Teachers in EFL Classes in SMP Negeri 4 Kuta Selatan

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Komang Dujani
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Female Teacher ◽  
English Teacher ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Classroom Activities ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
Eighth Grade Students ◽  
Politeness Strategies ◽  
Male Teacher

This study aimed at investigating teachers’ politeness strategies in two teacher’s role which is male and female teacher in EFL classes of the eighth grade students in SMPN 4 Kuta Selatan. The objects of this descriptive qualitative research were utterances delivered by male and female teachers in the classroom activities. This study aimed at finding out (1) describing the types of politeness strategies are used by male English teacher at grade eight of SMPN 4 Kuta Selatan. (2) describing the types of politeness strategies are used by female English teacher (3) explaining the differences in the used of politeness strategies between male and female English teachers. The data were taken from the conversations of the teaching and learning process in the classroom through observation and interviews. The data were gained by observing and video-recording of conversation in classroom discussion and analyzed using politeness strategies by Brown & Levinson (1987). It was found that the differences strategies used by male and female teacher, the male teacher mostly used bald on record has the highest occurrence (175 times) (16.29%) expressions, while the female teacher mostly used positive politeness (257 times) (23.93%) expressions.

PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE NHT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PKN SISWA KELAS V SD NEGERI 018 UKUI 1 KECAMATAN UKUI

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 591
Author(s):  
Narko '
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Civic Education ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Learning Activities

This research was motivated by lack of civics student learning outcomes. Low learningoutcomes are caused by: (a) students do not really follow civics and they talk to each othersawaktu teacher explains the lesson; (B) students are not active in learning; (C) if the teacherasking questions, very few students who answered; and (d) very few students were askedabout the learning that has not been understood, in addition to the learning activities in theclassroom dominated by teachers and children are much more powerful. This study aims toimprove learning outcomes civics through cooperative learning model NHT. This study is aclass action, which was conducted in 018 primary schools Ukui 1 Subdistrict Ukui. This studyfocused on students' learning outcomes data civics. Based on the results of the study revealedthat the civic education learning outcomes of students has increased. This is evidenced by:Improved student learning outcomes at the preliminary data the number of students who passare 15 students (50%), increasing in the first cycle increased to 26 students (87%) and incycle II further increased up to 27 students (90 %).

Are voters' views about proportional outcomes shaped by partisan preferences? A survey experiment in the context of a real election

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
André Blais ◽  
Semra Sevi ◽  
Carolina Plescia
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Election Campaign ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Federal Election ◽  
Electoral Outcome ◽  
Electoral Outcomes ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Ultimate Outcome ◽  
The Government ◽  
Performance Conditions

Abstract We examine citizens' evaluations of majoritarian and proportional electoral outcomes through an innovative experimental design. We ask respondents to react to six possible electoral outcomes during the 2019 Canadian federal election campaign. There are two treatments: the performance of the party and the proportionality of electoral outcomes. There are three performance conditions: the preferred party's vote share corresponds to vote intentions as reported in the polls at the time of the survey (the reference), or it gets 6 percentage points more (fewer) votes. There are two electoral outcome conditions: disproportional and proportional. We find that proportional outcomes are slightly preferred and that these preferences are partly conditional on partisan considerations. In the end, however, people focus on the ultimate outcome, that is, who is likely to form the government. People are happy when their party has a plurality of seats and is therefore likely to form the government, and relatively unhappy otherwise. We end with a discussion of the merits and limits of our research design.

scholarly journals Do You Have COVID-19?: How to Increase the Use of Diagnostic and Contact-Tracing Apps

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Déborah Martínez ◽  
Cristina Parilli ◽  
Ana María Rojas ◽  
Carlos Scartascini ◽  
Alberto Simpser
Keyword(s):  
Data Privacy ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Promotion Policy ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Willingness To Adopt ◽  
Mexican Adults

Diagnostic and contact tracing apps are an important weapon against contagion during a pandemic. We study how the content of the messages used to promote the apps influences adoption by conducting a survey experiment on approximately 23,000 Mexican adults. Respondents were randomly assigned to one of three different prompts, or a control condition, before stating their willingness to adopt a diagnostic app and contact-tracing app. The prompt emphasizing government efforts to ensure data privacy, which has been one of the most common strategies, reduced willingness to adopt the diagnostic app by about 4 percentage points and the contact tracing app by 3 percentage points. An effective app promotion policy must understand individuals' reservations and be wary of unintended reactions to naive reassurances.

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