scholarly journals Association of genetic markers with sex determination in Thai red tilapia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Watcharapong Naraballobh ◽  
◽  
Nanthana Pothakam ◽  
Worrarak Norseeda ◽  
Noppasin Sommit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Sex Characteristics ◽  
Red Tilapia ◽  
Marker Loci

The objectives of this study were to verify the polymorphism on sex-linked marker loci and to assess their associations with phenotypic sex characteristics in red tilapia. Four sex-linked genetic markers of Amh, SCAR4, SCAR5, and Oni3161 were genotyped in the Thai red tilapia population. The Amh marker was significantly associated with the phenotypic sex of red tilapia with an accuracy of 46.2%. No significant association of SCAR4, SCAR5, and Oni3161 marker polymorphisms with phenotypic sex characteristics was observed in this study. However, the combinations of these two, three, and four markers were increasingly associated with phenotypic sex characteristics for red tilapia with an accuracy of 62.8, 68.4, and 72.4%, respectively. These results indicate that these combined genetic markers were associated with the phenotypic sex of red tilapias. These findings confirmed the importance of these genetic markers as candidate markers for sex determination in the Thai red tilapia population.

CHARACTERIZATION OF GENETIC MARKERS LINKED TO SEX DETERMINATION IN THE HAPLOID-DIPLOID RED ALGA GRACILARIA CHILENSIS1

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Laure Guillemin ◽  
Oscar R. Huanel ◽  
Enrique A. Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Red Alga

scholarly journals Linkage analysis of quantitative traits in an interspecific cross of tomato (lycopersicon esculentum x lycopersicon pimpinellifolium) by means of genetic markers.

Genetics ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-339
Author(s):  
J I Weller ◽  
M Soller ◽  
T Brody
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Interspecific Cross ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Lycopersicon Pimpinellifolium ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Marker Loci ◽  
Parental Lines

Abstract Linkage relationships between loci affecting quantitative traits (QTL) and marker loci were examined in an interspecific cross between Lycopersicon esculentum and Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium. Parental lines differed for six morphological markers and for four electrophoretic markers. Almost 1700 F-2 plants were scored with respect to the genetic markers and also with respect to 18 quantitative traits. Major genes affecting the quantitative traits were not found, but out of 180 possible marker x trait combinations, 85 showed significant quantitative effects associated with the genetic markers. The average marker-associated main effect was on the order of 6% of the mean value of the trait. Most of the main effects were apparently due to linkage of QTL to the marker loci rather than to pleiotropy. Fourteen of the traits showed at least one highly significant effect of opposite sign to the overall difference between the parental lines, demonstrating the ability of this design to uncover cryptic genetic variation. Significant variance and skewness effects on the quantitative traits were found to be associated with the genetic markers, suggesting the possible presence of loci affecting the variance and shape of quantitative trait distribution in a population. Most marker-associated quantitative effects showed some degree of dominance, generally in the direction of the L. pimpinellifolium parent. When the significant marker-associated effects were examined in pairs, 12% showed significant interaction effects. The results of this study illustrate the potential usefulness of this type of analysis for the detailed genetic investigation of quantitative trait variation in suitably marked populations.

Identification of dominant genetic markers relevant to male sex determination in mulberry (Morus alba L.)

Euphytica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 215 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Atsumi ◽  
Rio Nishihara ◽  
Kazuhiko Tarora ◽  
Naoya Urasaki ◽  
Hideo Matsumura
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Male Sex

Role of genetic markers in fisheries and aquaculture: useful tools or stamp collecting?

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 1553-1563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moira M Ferguson ◽  
Roy G Danzmann
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Genome Structure ◽  
Restriction Endonuclease Analysis ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Marker Loci

We comment on the role of genetic markers in fisheries and aquaculture with a view to the future. Our goal is to encourage researchers to evaluate the molecular markers they need to deploy and shift their thinking away from analyses of stock structure towards more aggressive pursuit of questions related to genome structure and function. Examples illustrate that no one marker type is appropriate for all applications. Choice should be based on the evolutionary genetic attributes of both the species and the marker loci themselves. We evaluate three relatively new marker types: mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA, and hypervariable nuclear loci. We conclude that (i) sequences of mtDNA do not necessarily detect greater polymorphism than restriction endonuclease analysis, (ii) the technical ease of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA is offset by questionable repeatability, and (iii) simulations illustrate that even new marker systems with large numbers of alleles need not detect differences among closely related yet significantly differentiated populations. Increasing the number of alleles per locus did not increase the probability of detecting significant differences. Finally, we consider the roles of genetic markers in helping to determine family relationships in pooled lots of fishes and locate genes that control an organism's phenotype (quantitative trait loci). We discuss how knowledge of quantitative trait loci can help us to understand the basis of individual differences in performance.

Analysis of sex-linked, sequence-characterized amplified region markers in Salix eriocephala

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1785-1790 ◽  
Author(s):  
L E Gunter ◽  
R F Kopp ◽  
R P McCord ◽  
G A Tuskan
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Salix Viminalis ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Test ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽  
Marker Loci ◽  
Determination Mechanism

Two DNA markers, sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) AE08780 and SCAR 354520, known to be linked to and flanking a putative sex determination locus in Salix viminalis L., were tested in another shrubform willow, Salix eriocephala Michx. Marker analysis of seven female and eight male S. eriocephala clones used to produce 34 fullsib families reveals that five pairs of parents are alternatively polymorphic relative to reciprocal male and female combinations for the two marker loci. A goodness-of-fit test of marker presence or absence and relationship to gender suggests that the occurrence of SCAR 354520 is not significantly different (χ2 = 3.18, df = 1, P > 0.05) from the expected ratio of marker presence:absence in the male and female progenies across all five families, indicating no relationship to gender. However, the occurrence of SCAR AE08780 differs significantly from expected (χ2 = 21.05, df = 1, P < 0.001) in the five families and seems to be linked to femaleness in S. eriocephala. Within a single family, 984 (n = 54), both markers show a significant deviation from expected at P < 0.01 (SCAR AE08780: χ2 = 11.37, df = 1; SCAR 354520: χ2 = 9.49, df = 1). These data support the hypothesis that there is an association between the markers and a locus associated with gender in two divergent species and that there may be a common sex determination mechanism in willow.

scholarly journals A Single Transcriptome of a Green Toad (Bufo viridis) Yields Candidate Genes for Sex Determination and -Differentiation and Non-Anonymous Population Genetic Markers

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e0156419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörn F. Gerchen ◽  
Samuel J. Reichert ◽  
Johannes T. Röhr ◽  
Christoph Dieterich ◽  
Werner Kloas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Bufo Viridis ◽  
Green Toad ◽  
Toad Bufo

Genetic Markers and Quantitative Genetic Variation in Medicago truncatula (Leguminosae): A Comparative Analysis of Population Structure

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 1795-1805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Bonnin ◽  
Jean-Marie Prosperi ◽  
Isabelle Olivieri
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Components Of Variance ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Marker Loci ◽  
The Face

Abstract Two populations of the selfing annual Medicago truncatula Gaertn. (Leguminoseae), each subdivided into three subpopulations, were studied for both metric traits (quantitative characters) and genetic markers (random amplified polymorphic DNA and one morphological, single-locus marker). Hierarchical analyses of variance components show that (1) populations are more differentiated for quantitative characters than for marker loci, (2) the contribution of both within and among subpopulations components of variance to overall genetic variance of these characters is reduced as compared to markers, and (3) at the population level, within population structure is slightly but not significantly larger for markers than for quantitative traits. Under the hypothesis that most markers are neutral, such comparisons may be used to make hypotheses about the strength and heterogeneity of natural selection in the face of genetic drift and gene flow. We thus suggest that in these populations, quantitative characters are under strong divergent selection among populations, and that gene flow is restricted among populations and subpopulations.

RESEARCH ON GENETIC MARKERS IN THE SURQO ZEBU OF SOMALIA

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
I.A. Abdulcadir ◽  
L. Di Stasio ◽  
R. Rasero ◽  
G. Sartore
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Heterogeneous Population ◽  
East African ◽  
Marker Loci ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Stable Mixture

SUMMARYThe zebu population of Somalia includes four main types (Boran, Dawara,, Gasara and Surqo), which cannot be considered as breeds in the same sense as cattle in Europe. Boran, Dawara and Gasara are included in the type known as East African Shorthorned zebu, while the Surqo is regarded as an ancient stable mixture of zebu and Sanga (see Figure 1).The task of identifying the genetic relationships existing among these types, within a rather heterogeneous population, could best be approached through the study of marker loci like thoseicontrolling the immmogenetic and biochemical polymorphic systems, rather than through the comparison of morphological traits.Research was continued along these lines to facilitate the genetic characterization of Boran and Dawara types (Di Stasio et al., 1978.and 1980), and the study was extended to include the Surqo type ird-a comparison of the results.

scholarly journals Sex chromosome and sex locus characterization in the goldfish, Carassius auratus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Wen ◽  
Romain Feron ◽  
Qiaowei Pan ◽  
Justine Guguin ◽  
Elodie Jouanno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Sex Reversal ◽  
Proximal Promoter ◽  
Determination System ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Sex Determination System ◽  
Male Specific ◽  
Sex Locus

AbstractBackgroundGoldfish is an important model for various areas of research, including neural development and behavior and a species of significant importance in aquaculture, especially as an ornamental species. It has a male heterogametic (XX/XY) sex determination system that relies on both genetic and environmental factors, with high temperatures being able to produce female-to-male sex reversal. Little, however, is currently known on the molecular basis of genetic sex determination in this important cyprinid model. We used sequencing approaches to better characterize sex determination and sex-chromosomes in goldfish.ResultsOur results confirmed that sex determination in goldfish is a mix of environmental and genetic factors and that its sex determination system is male heterogametic (XX/XY). Using reduced representation (RAD-seq) and whole genome (pool-seq) approaches, we characterized sex-linked polymorphisms and developed male specific genetic markers. These male specific markers were used to distinguish sex-reversed XX neomales from XY males and to demonstrate that XX female-to-male sex reversal could even occur at a relatively low rearing temperature (18°C), for which sex reversal has been previously shown to be close to zero. We also characterized a relatively large non-recombining region (∼11.7 Mb) on goldfish linkage group 22 (LG22) that contained a high-density of male-biased genetic polymorphisms. This large LG22 region harbors 373 genes, including a single candidate as a potential master sex gene, i.e., the anti-Mullerian hormone gene (amh). However, no sex-linked polymorphisms were detected in the goldfish amh gene or its 5 kb proximal promoter sequence.ConclusionsThese results show that goldfish have a relatively large sex locus on LG22, which is likely the goldfish Y chromosome. The presence of a few XX males even at low temperature also suggests that other environmental factors in addition to temperature could trigger female-to-male sex reversal. Finally, we also developed sex-linked genetic markers in goldfish, which will be important for future research on sex determination and aquaculture applications in this species.

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