scholarly journals Novel approach to delivering pro-environmental messages significantly shifts norms and motivation, but children are not more effective spokespeople than adults

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0255457
Author(s):  
Cynthia McPherson Frantz ◽  
John Petersen ◽  
Kathryn Lucaites
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Local Population ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Message Content ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Personal Connections ◽  
Norm Perception ◽  
Non Local ◽  
The Impact

Three studies provided initial laboratory tests of the effectiveness of a novel form of community-based environmental messaging intended to be deployed on public digital signs. In all studies, adult participants watched a slideshow of “Community Voices,” a display that combines community images and quotes to celebrate and empower pro-environmental and pro-community thought and action. In addition to assessing the general efficacy of the approach, a central goal was to assess the impact of alternative messengers by comparing identical text associated with either adult or child messengers (Studies 1, 2, and 3). We also assessed the impact of alternative framing of the message itself by comparing: injunctive vs non-injunctive wording (Study 1), political vs non-political content (Study 1), and future vs. present-oriented framing (Study 2). Studies 1 and 2 were conducted on a national sample. In addition, to assess the impact of local vs. non-local messengers, Study 3 compared the response of a non-local sample to a local population in which subjects had personal connections with the people and places featured in the message content. Exposure to Community Voices messages resulted in significant increases in social norm perception, concern about environmental issues, commitment to action, and optimism, suggesting that this approach to messaging is potentially valuable for stimulating cultural change. However, messages attributed to child messengers were generally not more effective, and in some cases were less effective than the same message attributed to adults. We also found no significant difference in the impact of the alternative message frames studied.

scholarly journals The efficacy of using Google Maps in accessing nearby public automated external defibrillators in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thavinee Trainarongsakul ◽  
Chaiyaporn Yuksen ◽  
Phonnita Nakasint ◽  
Chetsadakon Jenpanitpong ◽  
Thanakorn Laksanamapune
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Google Maps ◽  
Shock Delivery ◽  
Automated External Defibrillators ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Non Local

Introduction Early defibrillation remains the highest priority in the chain of survival for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Shock delivery should be performed within 5 minutes of collapse to achieve a 50% survival rate. Google Maps has been one of the most popular mobile navigation applications worldwide. Our primary objective was to assess the efficacy of Google Maps in locating nearby public automated external defibrillators (AEDs). Methods Local and non-local populations were enrolled. Participants were randomly assigned to locate AEDs with or without the assistance of Google Maps. Participants used Google Maps on the same smartphone and cellular data network, an activity tracker recorded data for distance covered and time required to retrieve the AED. AEDs were located within 150 seconds of the starting point. Results Out of 100 recruited participants there was no difference in baseline characteristics. In the local population group, Google Maps assistance did not show statistical significance in successfully locating the AED within 150 seconds. Correspondingly, the travel time also showed no difference (173.52 ± 50.99 seconds for Google Maps vs. 206.20 ± 159.53 seconds for control group). The result in the non-local population group revealed no significant difference in successfully locating AEDs within 150 seconds: Google Maps (18.52%) vs. control group (39.13%); p=0.126. The recorded travel time between the Google Maps group and control group were similar (307.59 ± 220.10 seconds vs. 284.0 ± 222.37 seconds; p=0.709). Conclusion In Thailand, using Google Maps mobile assistance was found to be unhelpful in accessing nearby public AEDs.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF TOURISM ON RURAL DEVELOPMENT - EXAMPLE OF UNDEVELOPED VILLAGES IN REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

2021 ◽  
Vol XIX (1) ◽  
pp. 35-48
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the research in this paper is to determine which factors the local population identifies as those that can, through the development of tourism, most influence or predict rural development or revitalization in the Republic of Serbia. In order to examine this, the survey was conducted during 2019, on a total sample of 680 respondents, in 45 rural municipalities in the country. The authors used a modified questionnaire, containing four groups of factors, with adequate 22 questions for research on a given issue. The SPSS AMOS software, version 26.00, was used for data analysis and processing. The authors checked the reliability of the questionnaire, whose value proved to be very good, and confirmed the grouping into exactly four groups of factors by Factor analysis. Descriptive statistical analysis yielded average scores for given items. The obtained suitability indices indicated the agreement of the Structural structural equation modeling (SEM) with the data, as well as the quality of the research and the confirmation of the hypotheses. The obtained results of the SEM analysis showed that there is no statistically significant difference in the impact of given factors in predicting rural development, and that the local population has a positive attitude about the impact of tourism on rural development.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON PREGNANCY OUTCOMES: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Yousaf ◽  
Sadaf Mubeen ◽  
Amna Javaid ◽  
Muhammad Aamir Rafique ◽  
Hafiza Sobia Ramzan
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Atypical Pneumonia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Atypical pneumonia known as coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is highly infectious and is currently spreading rapidly around the globe. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to analyses the impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy outcomes among local population of Pakistan. Material and Methods: This cross sectional observational study was conducted in Lady Aitchison Hospital during September 2019 to August 2020. The data was collected through systematically designed questionnaire. Clinical characteristics, examination results, and treatment course were extracted from their medical records. For mothers, we collected socio demographic data, educational attainment, and occupation, maternal parity, medical history records, laboratory tests, and intensive care unit [ICU] admission. Results: The data was collected from 685 patients. The two groups of pregnant women were compared in terms of severe preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, premature rupture of membranes, fetal distress, maternal mortality, IUD, fecal staining of amniotic fluid, premature birth, neonatal asphyxia, Abruption or other compression sutures, and there was no significant difference Significance (all P >0.05); the proportion of IUD in the COVID-19 group was higher than that in the non COVID-19 group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant. Conclusion: It is concluded that those patients who visited the hospital during COVID-19 pandemics have high rate of IUD, placenta abruption and maternal death. Keywords: IUD., COVID-19

Measuring Impact of Stress in Sandwich Generation Caring for Demented Parents

GeroPsych ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence M. Solberg ◽  
Lauren B. Solberg ◽  
Emily N. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Social Worker ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sandwich Generation ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adult Caregivers ◽  
The Impact

Stress in caregivers may affect the healthcare recipients receive. We examined the impact of stress experienced by 45 adult caregivers of their elderly demented parents. The participants completed a 32-item questionnaire about the impact of experienced stress. The questionnaire also asked about interventions that might help to reduce the impact of stress. After exploratory factor analysis, we reduced the 32-item questionnaire to 13 items. Results indicated that caregivers experienced stress, anxiety, and sadness. Also, emotional, but not financial or professional, well-being was significantly impacted. There was no significant difference between the impact of caregiver stress on members from the sandwich generation and those from the nonsandwich generation. Meeting with a social worker for resource availability was identified most frequently as a potentially helpful intervention for coping with the impact of stress.

Information and Communication Technology and Cultural Change

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Hansen ◽  
Tom Postmes ◽  
Nikita van der Vinne ◽  
Wendy van Thiel
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ict For Development ◽  
Practical Implications

This paper studies whether and how information and communication technology (ICT) changes self-construal and cultural values in a developing country. Ethiopian children were given laptops in the context of an ICT for development scheme. We compared children who used laptops (n = 69) with a control group without laptops (n = 76) and a second control group of children whose laptop had broken down (n = 24). Results confirmed that after 1 year of laptop usage, the children’s self-concept had become more independent and children endorsed individualist values more strongly. Interestingly, the impact of laptop usage on cultural values was mediated by self-construal (moderated mediation). Importantly, modernization did not “crowd out” traditional culture: ICT usage was not associated with a reduction in traditional expressions (interdependent self-construal, collectivist values). Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Implicit and explicit corrective feedback and feedback exposure conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-48
Author(s):  
Takehiro Iizuka ◽  
Kimi Nakatsukasa
Keyword(s):  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Oral Corrective Feedback ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Picture Description ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Instructional Settings ◽  
The Impact

This exploratory study examined the impact of implicit and explicit oral corrective feedback (CF) on the development of implicit and explicit knowledge of Japanese locative particles (activity de, movement ni and location ni) for those who directly received CF and those who observed CF in the classroom. Thirty-six college students in a beginning Japanese language course received either recast (implicit), metalinguistic (explicit) or no feedback during an information-gap picture description activity, and completed a timed picture description test (implicit knowledge) and an untimed grammaticality judgement test (explicit knowledge) in a pre-test, immediate post-test and delayed post-test. The results showed that overall there was no significant difference between CF types, and that CF benefited direct and indirect recipients similarly. Potential factors that might influence the effectiveness of CF, such as instructional settings, complexity of target structures and pedagogy styles, are discussed.

Reducing the Social Stigma Associated with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: A Controlled Trial of an Intervention Program in a Turkish Community Sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-120
Author(s):  
Ayça Aktaç Gürbüz ◽  
Orçun YORULMAZ ◽  
Gülşah DURNA
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Case Vignette ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Scientific research into the reduction of stigmatization, particularly related to specific problems such as Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), is scarce. In the present study, we examine the impact of a video-based antistigma intervention program for OCD in a pretest-posttest control group research. After being randomly assigned to either an intervention (n= 101) or control group (n= 96), the participants reported their attitudes on a hypothetical case vignette before and after OCD vs. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) videos, and again six months later as a follow up assessment. The mixed design analyses for the group comparisons indicated that although there was no significant difference in the measures of the control group, the participants watching the anti-stigma OCD video, in which the focus was psychoeducation and interaction strategies, reported significantly lower scores on social distances and negative beliefs for the case vignettes they read, and this difference was maintained six months later. Then, the present results indicate the effectiveness of our anti-stigma intervention program for OCD. Interventions to reduce stigmatization can also be viewed as effective tools for changing the attitudes of people toward OCD, although further research and applications are needed related to specific disorders if a longlasting impact is to be achieved.

Antecedents And Outcomes Of Qwl Among Employees In Banks

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Geethanjali N ◽  
Parveen Roja M ◽  
Lavanya D
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Quality Of Work Life ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Service Productivity ◽  
The Impact

Quality of work life is the major factor to be considered in working environment of any organization. The performance of employees and the organization lies on the ability of the employees based on working environment. The QWL leads to better working environment which improves the performance of organization. The present study has made an attempt to find the level of factors causing QWL and the impact of outcome of QWL in banks. Since the profile of the banks may be associated with the level of outcomes of QWL, the present study has made an attempt to examine it with the help of one way analysis of variance and t-test. The included outcomes of QWL are job satisfaction, job stress, organizational climate, organizational commitment, employees retention behaviour, service quality employees and service productivity of employees. The highly associated determinants of QWL and the significant difference among the PUSBs and PRSBs have been noticed. The significantly associating important profiles of the banks regarding the existence of outcome of QWL are identified.

Key Aspects of Assessing Effectiveness and Efficiency of Implementation of the Federal Clean Air Project on the Example of the Comprehensive Emission Reduction Action Plan in Nizhny Tagil

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
SV Yarushin ◽  
DV Kuzmin ◽  
AA Shevchik ◽  
TM Tsepilova ◽  
VB Gurvich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Key issues of assessing effectiveness and economic efficiency of implementing the Federal Clean Air Project by public health criteria are considered based on the example of the Comprehensive Emission Reduction Action Plan realized in the city of Nizhny Tagil, Sverdlovsk Region. Materials and methods: We elaborated method approaches and reviewed practical aspects of evaluating measures taken in 2018–2019 at key urban industrial enterprises accounting for 95 % of stationary source emissions. Results: Summary calculations of ambient air pollution and carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic inhalation health risks including residual risks, evaluation of the impact of air quality on urban mortality and morbidity rates, economic assessment of prevented morbidity and premature mortality cases have enabled us not only to estimate health effects but also to develop guidelines for development and implementation of actions aimed at enhancing effectiveness and efficiency of industrial emission reduction in terms of health promotion of the local population. Conclusions: We substantiate proposals for the necessity and sufficiency of taking remedial actions ensuring achievement of acceptable health risk levels as targets of the Comprehensive Emission Reduction Action Plan in Nizhny Tagil until 2024 and beyond.

Examining the interrelationships among reward systems, organisational climate and cultural changes in the hospitality industry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Kakarougkas ◽  
Theodoros Stavrinoudis
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Reward System ◽  
Senior Executives ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Organisational Climate ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Method Of Extraction

This paper aims to explore the impact of a hotel’s reward system on strengthening: positiverelationships and communication among employees; the creation of a change-friendlyorganisational climate and cultural change barriers, within the context of a cultural changeprocess in a hotel. Quantitative data were collected from a proportionally stratified,representative sample of 207 Greek five-star hotels’ senior executives and analysed with theprincipal component method of extraction and Structural Equation Modelling. This led to thecreation and validation of three prototype second-order latent variable models, whichhighlight and depict the impact of individual variables and their importance for a rewardsystem creating an organisational climate for or against cultural change in hotels. Theoriginality of the paper lays on both theoretical and practical levels. On a theoretical level, thepaper’s findings manage to fill a knowledge gap through a novel modelling of a rewardsystem on a hotel’s organisational climate in times of cultural change. On a practical level, thepaper findings enable hotels’ executives to focus on specific variables of a reward system thatcan enhance and/or prevent a cultural change initiative.

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