scholarly journals Rapport building and witness memory: Actions may ‘speak’ louder than words

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256084
Author(s):  
Zacharia Nahouli ◽  
Coral J. Dando ◽  
Jay-Marie Mackenzie ◽  
Andreas Aresti
Keyword(s):  
Superiority Effect ◽  
Recall Accuracy ◽  
Recall Phase ◽  
Police Interviews ◽  
Interview Condition ◽  
Rapport Building ◽  
Witness Memory ◽  
Mock Crime ◽  
Building Rapport ◽  
The Impact

Building rapport during police interviews is argued as important for improving on the completeness and accuracy of information provided by witnesses and victims. However, little experimental research has clearly operationalised rapport and investigated the impact of rapport behaviours on episodic memory. Eighty adults watched a video of a mock crime event and 24-hours later were randomly allocated to an interview condition where verbal and/or behavioural (non-verbal) rapport techniques were manipulated. Memorial performance measures revealed significantly more correct information, without a concomitant increase in errors, was elicited when behavioural rapport was present, a superiority effect found in both the free and probed recall phase of interviews. The presence of verbal rapport was found to reduce recall accuracy in the free recall phase of interviews. Post-interview feedback revealed significant multivariate effects for the presence of behavioural (only) rapport and combined (behavioural + verbal) rapport. Participants rated their interview experience far more positively when these types of rapport were present compared to when verbal (only) rapport or no rapport was present. These findings add weight to the importance of rapport in supporting eyewitness cognition, highlighting the potential consequences of impoverished social behaviours for building rapport during dyadic interactions, suggesting ‘doing’ rather than simply ‘saying’ may be more beneficial.

Strategic Sequences in Police Interviews and the Importance of Order and Cultural Fit

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 934-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karlijn Beune ◽  
Ellen Giebels ◽  
Wendi L. Adair ◽  
Bob M. Fennis ◽  
Karen I. Van Der Zee
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Active Listening ◽  
Nonsignificant Trend ◽  
Cultural Fit ◽  
Police Interviews ◽  
Listening Behavior ◽  
Relational Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reversed Order ◽  
Rational Arguments

This study introduces the concept of strategic sequences to police interviews and concentrates on the impact of active listening behavior and rational arguments. To test the authors’ central assumption that the effectiveness of strategic sequences is dependent on cultural fit (i.e., the match with the cultural background of suspects), young people participated in virtual police interviews. Study 1 demonstrated that contrast sequences accentuating rational rather than relational behavior were found to be effective in eliciting information and admissions from suspects originating from cultures that tend to use more direct and content-oriented communication (i.e., low-context cultures), whereas for suspects from cultures that use more indirect and context-oriented communication (i.e., high-context cultures) a nonsignificant trend in reversed order was found. Study 2 added the investigation of the joint impact of active listening and rational arguments. In line with predictions, the results showed that an active listening—rational arguments sequence is most effective when active listening behavior precedes— rather than follows—rational arguments.

Session 1: Introduction to Treatment and Rapport Building

2012 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
R. Lindsey Bergman
Keyword(s):  
Rapport Building ◽  
Therapy Room ◽  
Reward Program ◽  
Building Rapport ◽  
First Session

Chapter 3 presents a guide for the first session of the treatment, and considers the child's comfort in the therapy room, goals and rationale for treatment, the reward program, building rapport and homework assignments.

scholarly journals The Impact of Interviewer Working Hours on Police Interviews with Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilena Kyriakidou ◽  
Mark Blades ◽  
Julie Cherryman ◽  
Stephanie Christophorou ◽  
Andreas Kamberis
Keyword(s):  
Working Hours ◽  
Police Interviews ◽  
The Impact

All that is needed for evil to triumph is for good people to say nothing—human factors in effective safety-conversation interventions

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 508
Author(s):  
Jane Austin
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Active Listening ◽  
Group Assessment ◽  
Good People ◽  
Questioning Techniques ◽  
Rapport Building ◽  
The Impact

Intervening when we see others working unsafely is fundamental to achieving zero harm. Much research and anecdotal evidence indicates the positive impact that organisations experience when frequent and effective safety conversation interventions are the norm. Unfortunately, research across a number of industries and cultures indicates that all too frequently unsafe behaviours are not being addressed; further, when they are, the intervention is often ineffective in producing behavioural changes (Ragain et al, 2011). Many workers indicate that fear of an angry, defensive response or that their attempts will not make a difference stop them from intervening when observing unsafe behaviours in the workplace (Ragain et al, 2011). This extended abstract explores the human factors that play a role in effective safety conversation interventions. Specifically, it discusses the impact of team psychological safety, the role of in-group versus out-group assessment, attribution error and self-efficacy on the likelihood that the worker will intervene or not, and the effectiveness of any safety conversation intervention. Also explored are the human factors issues behind the use of skills or strategy that are positively associated with effective safety conversation interventions such as pre-framing, questioning techniques, focus on consequences, rapport building and active listening.

At-home ethnography: a native researcher’s fieldwork reflections

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azher Hameed Qamar
Keyword(s):  
Primary Objective ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Fieldwork Experience ◽  
Rapport Building ◽  
Contextual Sensitivity ◽  
Native Context ◽  
Access To The Field ◽  
Building Rapport ◽  
At Home

PurposeIn last few decades, the native anthropology has been highlighted for its potential to immediately grasping cultural familiarity, contextual sensitivity, and rapport building. Nevertheless, detachment from the native context is also seen as a challenge for the native researcher. This paper aims to provide invaluable information about the fieldwork experience of the author as a native researcher in rural Punjab Pakistan. The author presents and reflects the fieldwork challenges faced and the strategies used to overcome the challenges. The primary objective of this paper is to discuss the methodological strategies to face the challenges of doing at-home ethnography.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in native context.FindingsDealing with contextual complexity and sensitivity with the author’s native learning, the author used native knowledge as a useful resource to investigate insider’s perspective on infant care belief practices. Furthermore, the author addressed the challenges related to building rapport, gaining friendly access to the families and children, and setting aside presumptions. The author discusses the strategies opted, such as selecting a research assistant, gaining access to the field, planning fieldwork and bracketing native presumptions.Practical implicationsThis paper provides important insight of at-home ethnography and technical understanding to conduct fieldwork in native contexts.Originality/valueBased on my ethnographic fieldwork, this article contributes in contemporary debates on the challenges in doing at-home ethnography.

scholarly journals Ethnographic research with young people: methods and rapport

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Tickle
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Participatory Methods ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Youth Research ◽  
Rapport Building ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper accounts for, and reflects upon, the research design and the methodological approach adopted in ethnographic research with young people. In particular, the purpose of this paper is to reinforce the significance of conducting qualitative participatory and innovative methods with young people, alongside the value of rapport building. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative participatory methods are understood as the most appropriate way to empower and respect young people in the research process. Alongside such methods the ethnographic nature of the research is discussed in conveying the importance of rapport building with young people in the field. In doing so the paper examines a number of important considerations when conducting youth research. Findings The triangulation of qualitative methods was fundamental in exploring and understanding young people’s lives in each locality and allowed for deep and meaningful explorations of specific themes. The additional and complementary methods employed alongside traditional methods were particularly suited to understanding young people’s everyday lives, as complex experiences are not always conveyed through traditional methods alone. Conducting participatory methods produced narratives around safety, security and governance in public places. Originality/value Being reflexive and adapting to a research setting in order to enhance the process of building and maintaining trust with young people is the most important facet when conducting youth research. Giving careful consideration to the impact of a researcher’s presence in the field needs to be carefully navigated.

scholarly journals The Dynamic and Fragile Nature of Eyewitness Memory Formation: Considering Stress and Attention

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alia N. Wulff ◽  
Ayanna K. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Inattentional Blindness ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Attentional Processes ◽  
Witness Memory ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Eyewitnesses are often susceptible to recollection failures and memory distortions. These failures and distortions are influenced by several factors. The present review will discuss two such important factors, attention failures and stress. We argue that acute stress, often experienced by eyewitnesses and victims of crimes, directly influences attentional processes, which likely has downstream consequences for memory. Attentional failures may result in individuals missing something unusual or important in a complex visual field. Amongst eyewitnesses, this can lead to individuals missing details, even unusual or important central details, regarding the crime. Surprisingly, few studies have investigated attentional failures in eyewitness scenarios, and none have investigated the relationship between stress, attention, and witness memory. This review will discuss the impact of attentional failures, mainly those resulting from inattentional blindness, in applied contexts in order to bridge to eyewitness scenarios. In addition, we will integrate the applied literature on attentional failures with literature that examines the influences of arousal and stress on attention. We will conclude by presenting how future research may tease apart the independent contributions of arousal and stress on attentional failures and successes and how this research may inform understanding of eyewitness reliability.

scholarly journals Themes and methodological issues in Court Interpreting research

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Hale
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Forensic Linguistics ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current State ◽  
Police Interviews ◽  
Court Interpreting ◽  
Perceptions And Expectations ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Research Studies

The field of Legal Interpreting encompasses a wide variety of contexts including police interviews and interrogations, lawyer-client conferences, tribunal and court hearings and trials. Most of the research carried out in the field to date has concentrated on the discourse of the courtroom in Common Law countries (Berk-Seligson 1988, 1990, 1999; Hale 1997b, 1999, 2004; Mason & Stewart 2001; Pym, 1999; Rigney 1997). This is partly due to the availability of the data, as most courtrooms are open to the public, but also due to the vast amount of research conducted into the language of the courtroom, which has served as a theoretical basis for the study of court interpreting. These studies draw on discourse analysis, the ethnography of language, pragmatics, experimental psychology and forensic linguistics to inform their methods. Other research into legal interpreting has looked at other , non-linguistic aspects of the practice, such as role perceptions and expectations, using social science methods of surveys, interviews and focus groups (Fowler 1997; Kelly 2000; Hale & Luzardo 1997; Angelelli 2004). Fewer studies have concentrated on the other aspects of legal interpreting, such as police interpreting (Krouglov 1999; Berk-Seligson 2000; Russell 2004; Wadensjš 1997) and tribunal hearings (Wadensjš 1992; Mason & Stewart 2001; Barsky 1996). With the exception of a limited number of experimental studies (Berk-Seligson 1990 and Hale 2004) most legal interpreting research studies have been descriptive, qualitative and speculative, providing useful information on the current state of affairs but little on the impact such practices have on the legal process. This contribution will concentrate only on court interpreting research. It will review the major research projects to date, highlight their strengths and weaknesses, identify the gaps that exist in our knowledge of the field andproposefurther research studies tofill such gaps.

scholarly journals Avoiding the Unhappy Patient by Building Rapport in the Internet Age

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (02) ◽  
pp. 210-213
Author(s):  
Eugene Kern ◽  
Oren Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Body Language ◽  
Active Listening ◽  
Patient Relationship ◽  
Internet Age ◽  
Patient Interview ◽  
Rapport Building ◽  
Building Rapport ◽  
Preoperative Patient

AbstractThe dynamics of the doctor–patient relationship has been complicated as more patients seem to expect perfection in this age of selfies and Internet postings. The preoperative patient interview is critical to recognize both body language clues and subtle but apparent red flags to avoid rhinoplasty on potentially unhappy patients. This interview should include routine use of a body dysmorphic disorder screening questionnaire since legions of these patients are undiagnosed prior to surgery and few, if any, are ever satisfied with even an excellent surgical result. These patients need diagnosis and psychological intervention—not surgery. Rapport is critical to patient and surgeon's satisfaction; therefore, it is valuable to practice the ABC's of rapport building: 1) active listening, (2) positive body language, and (3) candor.

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