ThinPrep cytology combined with HPV detection in the diagnosis of cervical lesions in 1622 patients

The timely detection of precancerous lesions and early intervention can greatly reduce cervical cancer occurrence. The current study aimed to assess the diagnostic value and accuracy of different methods of cervical lesion screening. A total of 1622 females who visited the Outpatient Department of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region People’s Hospital between January and December 2018 were consecutively enrolled. All participants underwent separate high-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) DNA detection, ThinPrep cytology testing (TCT) and colposcopic biopsy. Their medical records were retrospectively analyzed. While considering biopsy outcomes as the gold standard, the diagnostic values of TCT, HR-HPV testing, and TCT+HR-HPV testing for cervical cancer screening were compared. The sensitivity, specificity and Youden index of each method were calculated. Among the different methods, TCT+HR-HPV testing had the highest sensitivity (89.8%), followed by TCT (79.9%) and HR-HPV testing (49.2%). The combined method also had the highest Youden value, and its screening outcomes exhibited the highest consistency with those of biopsy. In addition, the combined method had the largest area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, which was 0.673 (0.647, 0.699), compared with any other screening method. Compared with TCT or HR-HPV testing alone, TCT+HR-HPV testing serves as a better screening method for cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.

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Human Papilloma Virus L1 Gene Methylation as a Potential Biomarker for Precancerous Cervical Lesion: a Preliminary Report

Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.32771/inajog.v5i2.532 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 120

Author(s):

Suzanna P Mongan ◽

Andrijono Andrijono ◽

Hartono Tjahadi

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Precancerous Lesions ◽

Bisulfite Conversion ◽

Cervical Lesions ◽

Gene Methylation ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

Precancerous Cervical Lesions ◽

Hpv 18 ◽

Thin Band

Objective: To determine whether HPV L1 gene methylation can be used in triage of precancerous cervical lesions. The main objective is to determine the genotype of HPV in cervical precancerous lesions and to determine the percentage, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and likelihood ratio of DNA HPV L1 methylation in precancerous cervical lesions. Methods: A number of 57 samples of paraffin blocks (FFPE) from precancerous lesions and cervical cancer biopsies in the Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine-Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital that had been re-evaluated by the pathologist, underwent extraction of HPV DNA. The genotypes of HPV DNA were examined using primers GP5 / 6 and specific HPV 16, HPV 18 and HPV 52 probes and analyzed by real time PCR. Sequencing was performed on samples with unknown HPV DNA type that were detected using the specific probes to determine the type of HPV. Bisulfite conversion procedure was then performed for the samples that met the inclusion criteria. Results: There were 30 samples (52.6%) with CIN 1, 12 samples (21.1%) CIN 2, 9 samples (15.8%) CIN 3 and 6 samples (10.5%) of cervical cancer. Most of the samples were 36-45 years (35.1%). Of the total 57 samples, 55 samples were successfully extracted and determined the DNA genotyping of HPV (96.5%). HPV 16 infections both in the form of single or multiple was found to be 76.36%. The samples were mostly dominated by co-infection of HPV16 and 18 (49.1%) followed by HPV 16 (24.6%) and HPV 18 (14.0%). Based on the sequencing results there were other types of high risk HPV infection found: HPV 33, HPV 35, HPV 58 and also undeterminate risk HPV 53 and low risk HPV 54. After several procedures of optimization for methylation examination of HPV DNA L1 there was thin band found in electrophoresis procedure in 8 of 42 samples (19%) of HPV 16 after bisulfite conversion but once it was purified there weren’t any band found so we can not proceed to the stage sequencing. Until now we are still in the stage of optimizing the methylation procedure. Conclusion: HPV 16 infection were most commonly found in the form of single or multiple. Co-infection of HPV 16 and 18 were found in the majority of the samples. There were no significant correlation between HPV type and the severity of cervical lesions. Until now, the examination of DNA methylation HPV L1 already obtained eight samples of HPV 16 with a thin band on electrophoresis but the result could not be concluded because it is still in the process of optimization. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 5-2: 120-126] Keywords: HPV DNA genotype, L1 gene methylation, precancerous cervical lesions

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Viral and cellular biomarkers used for improving prevention and management of cervical cancer

Romanian Journal of Medical Practice ◽

10.37897/rjmp.2021.2.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 125-128

Author(s):

Şerban NASTASIA ◽

◽

Ana-Cătălina SAVU ◽

Anca POPA ◽

Anca Angela SIMIONESCU ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Precancerous Lesions ◽

Screening Method ◽

Test Method ◽

Screening Tests ◽

Immunocytochemical Staining ◽

Great Promise ◽

Low Grade ◽

Good Test ◽

Hpv Dna

Cervical cancer remains one of the preventable cause of women’s death, the second most common cause of death in Europe. Several screening tests for precancerous lesions are available, including cervicovaginal cytology and screening of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) strains – 16, 18, 31, 33. Cervical cytology (Babeş-Papanicolau smear test) remains the elected method for cervical cancer screening in many countries. Last decades, HPV DNA sequence was identified, including gene number and encoded proteins. HPV DNA gene expression involves the use of multiple promoters and complex patterns of splicing, which served as a model for the elaboration of cellular and molecular biomarkers for the identification. Herein, we present the usefulness and efficiency of viral and cellular biomarkers in improving the diagnosis and managing precursor lesions of cervical cancer. Viral and cellular biomarkers can help differentiating low-grade lesion leading to a better diagnosis. HPV DNA tests, although a primary screening method in actual guidelines, can serve as a better screening test method. Other viral biomarkers that include E6 and E7 mRNA testing and determining the methylation of viral genes have good test screening results. Cellular biomarkers such as the immunocytochemical staining of p16INK4a, alone or combined with the proliferation marker Ki-67, can reveal anomalies in the cell cycle. The E4 protein, strongly expressed in productive infections, can prove a transforming infection when it is absent. In recent years, detection of the TERC gene and oncogenetic microRNAs expressed early in carcinogenesis before clinical findings show great promise in differentiating lesions likely to progress to cancer. In conclusion, biomarkers are more powerful instruments to enhance early pre-cervical cancer lesions diagnosis, which allow better prognosis and more reliable treatment.

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Complementary and Innovative Method in Genital HPV Testing for Cervical Cancer Prevention

Acta Medica Transilvanica ◽

10.2478/amtsb-2020-0073 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 54-56

Author(s):

Georgeta Gînfălean

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Precancerous Lesions ◽

Screening Method ◽

Transmitted Disease ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽

Hpv Testing ◽

Female Population ◽

Innovative Method ◽

Prevention Programmes

Abstract Considering actual SARS-COV 2 pandemic, the comfort and time of the female patient’ trend is to minimize the time spent in the doctor’s office, so that auto-testing is a solving problem in this context. This paper aims at the importance of self-collected urine and vaginal samples, since actual studies are showing that is a complementary method in HPV-testing and a screening method for prevention of cervical cancer. Genital HPV infection is responsible for approximately 99% of cervical cancers, and is considered a sexually transmitted disease. Given that eight out of ten patients have at least one episode of HPV infection in their lifetime, there is a need for a method of early detection of genital HPV infection. Cervical cancer is the second type of diagnosed cancer in the rank of genital cancers and the third leading cause of cancer death among the female population. In Romania, the frequency of cervical cancer and mortality caused by this type of cancer remains high. In 2018 Globocan, it was mentioned that the occurrence of cervical cancer in Romania was 8.6%, and the mortality was 19.5/10,000 women. Worldwide, the following have been implemented: primary prevention programmes (via immunization) and secondary prevention programmes – traditional cytological testing, to which co-tests have been added. In the co-testing sector, there has been found with an updated visa – the self-harvesting test, being considered a complementary and innovative method in genital HPV testing, which aims to: identify the presence of highly oncogenic HPV strains with a marked sensitivity. Self-harvesting testing aims to: signal the presence of highly oncogenic strains, extrapolation can lead to early identification of the number of cases of precancerous lesions of the cervix and implicitly of cervical cancer.

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Multi-center clinical study using optical coherence tomography for evaluation of cervical lesions in-vivo

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-86711-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chenchen Ren ◽

Xianxu Zeng ◽

Zhongna Shi ◽

Chunyan Wang ◽

Huifen Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Real Time ◽

Precancerous Lesions ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Cervical Lesions ◽

In Vivo Evaluation ◽

Histological Sections ◽

Histological Images

AbstractIn this prospective study of an in-vivo cervical examination using optical coherence tomography (OCT), we evaluated the diagnostic value of non-invasive and real-time OCT in cervical precancerous lesions and cancer diagnosis, and determined the characteristics of OCT images. 733 patients from 5 Chinese hospitals were inspected with OCT and colposcopy-directed biopsy. The OCT images were compared with the histological sections to find out the characteristics of various categories of lesions. The OCT images were also interpreted by 3 investigators to make a 2-class classification, and the results were compared against the pathological results. Various structures of the cervical tissue were clearly observed in OCT images, which matched well with the corresponding histological sections. The OCT diagnosis results delivered a sensitivity of 87.0% (95% confidence interval, CI 82.2–90.7%), a specificity of 84.1% (95% CI 80.3–87.2%), and an overall accuracy of 85.1%. Both good consistency of OCT images and histological images and satisfactory diagnosis results were provided by OCT. Due to its features of non-invasion, real-time, and accuracy, OCT is valuable for the in-vivo evaluation of cervical lesions and has the potential to be one of the routine cervical diagnosis methods.

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Raman spectroscopic study of cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer

Lasers in Medical Science ◽

10.1007/s10103-020-03218-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jing Wang ◽

Cheng-Xia Zheng ◽

Cai-Ling Ma ◽

Xiang-Xiang Zheng ◽

Xiao-Yi Lv ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Raman Spectra ◽

Precancerous Lesions ◽

Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cervical Lesions ◽

Cin Iii ◽

Cervical Precancerous Lesions ◽

Biochemical Components ◽

The Difference

AbstractEarly detection of cervical lesions, accurate diagnosis of cervical lesions, and timely and effective therapy can effectively avoid the occurrence of cervical cancer or improve the survival rate of patients. In this paper, the spectra of tissue sections of cervical inflammation (n = 60), CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) I (n = 30), CIN II (n = 30), CIN III (n = 30), cervical squamous cell carcinoma (n = 30), and cervical adenocarcinoma (n = 30) were collected by a confocal Raman micro-spectrometer (LabRAM HR Evolution, Horiba France SAS, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France). The Raman spectra of six kinds of cervical tissues were analyzed, the dominant Raman peaks of different kinds of tissues were summarized, and the differences in chemical composition between the six tissue samples were compared. An independent sample t test (p ≤ 0.05) was used to analyze the difference of average relative intensity of Raman spectra of six types of cervical tissues. The difference of relative intensity of Raman spectra of six kinds of tissues can reflect the difference of biochemical components in six kinds of tissues and the characteristic of biochemical components in different kinds of tissues. The classification models of cervical inflammation, CIN I, CIN II, CIN III, cervical squamous cell carcinoma, and cervical adenocarcinoma were established by using a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. Six types of cervical tissues were classified and identified with an overall diagnostic accuracy of 85.7%. This study laid a foundation for the application of Raman spectroscopy in the clinical diagnosis of cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer.

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping by HPV DNA chip in cervical cancer and precancerous lesions

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer ◽

10.1111/j.1048-891x.2005.14417.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 81-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

G.-Y. Lee ◽

S.-M. Kim ◽

S.-Y. Rim ◽

H.-S. Choi ◽

C.-S. Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Precancerous Lesions ◽

Dna Chip ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

Hpv Genotyping

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Evaluation of Cervical Cancer Screening Tools; INNO-LiPA® HPV Genotyping Extra-II Assay versus E7/E6 oncoproteins, How is reliable and practical?

10.53350/pjmhs211551276 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 1276-1281

Author(s):

R. Bahramabadi ◽

M. K. Arababadi ◽

M. Iranpour ◽

E. Mohebbi ◽

Z. Honarvar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Western Blot ◽

Pap Smear ◽

Diagnostic Methods ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

Hpv Genotyping ◽

Hpv E7 ◽

Diagnostic Values

Background: High-Risk Human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) has been well established as the cervical cancer (CC) risk factor. In recent years, various diagnostic methods of human papillomaviruses (HPV) have been developed to promote sensitivity and specificity of CC screening which leads to a low mortality rate. This study aimed to compare diagnostic test metrics of two HPV diagnostic techniques, including Western blot and INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping Extra II assay methods in asymptomatic or subclinical patients, among the South-Eastern Iranian women. Methods: 323 women were referred to the Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, from February 2018 to January 2020. HPV-DNA with the INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping Extra-II Assay kit and the western blot assays for HPV E7 and E6 assessment were employed. Results: Overall, 163 (50.4%) samples were dysplastic pap smear, the specificity of the HPV DNA test by INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping Extra-II Assay test was significantly higher than the E7/E6 oncoproteins finding (67.3 vs. 49.9%), and the sensitivity was lower (96.6 vs. 74.8%), respectively. Conclusions: HR-HPV E7/E6 oncoproteins expression was evaluated as a possible novel biomarker for CC screening in pap smear as the preliminary test with satisfactory diagnostic values for HR-HPV types 16 and 18. The corresponding diagnostic values may be further improved by combining HPV DNA tests with the INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping Extra-II test. Also, they may prove helpful for HR-HPV infection diagnosis in cases that the patients are asymptomatic or subclinical. Keywords: Cervical Cancer; Human Papillomavirus (HPV); Diagnostic Screening Programs; Oncogene Proteins

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Efficiency of HPV DNA Test versus Pap Smear in the Screening of Cervical Cancer

Journal of Karnali Academy of Health Sciences ◽

10.3126/jkahs.v1i2.24128 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 9-13

Author(s):

Renee Pradhan ◽

U. Pant ◽

B. Aryal

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽

Pap Smear ◽

Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽

Cervical Neoplasia ◽

Hpv Testing ◽

Dna Test ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

Smear Testing ◽

Hpv Dna Test

Introduction: Cancer cervix is a common genital cancer. Human papillomavirus is the main cause of cervical cancer because of the strong association of certain HPV genotypes and the development of cervical cancer and its precursor lesions, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia CIN 2 or CIN3. Methods: The study was conducted on 180 gynecological patients seen at the outpatient department of Manipal Hospital, Bangalore. A comparative study of HPV DNA test with Pap smear in the screening of cervical neoplasia was carried out over the period of 24 months from August 2011 to June 2013. Results: The incidence of cervical cancer and its associated mortality has declined in recent years, largely due to the widespread implementation of screening programs by Pap smear testing. The management and the prevention of cervical cancer should change with HPV DNA testing for high risk HPV, which is more sensitive than pap smear testing. Infection of cervix with HPV is necessary to cause cervical neoplasia and cervical cancer. Persistent infection with HPV is required for the development of cervical dysplasia and invasive cervical cancer. Conclusions: HPV testing alone for primary screening appears promising in women aged 30 years and older as this group is at greatest risk of developing CIN 3. As compared with Pap testing, HPV testing has greater sensitivity for detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

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Cervical Cancer Screening Programs in Europe: The Transition Towards HPV Vaccination and Population-Based HPV Testing

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v10120729 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 729 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Andreas Chrysostomou ◽

Dora Stylianou ◽

Anastasia Constantinidou ◽

Leondios Kostrikis

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Cervical Cancer Screening ◽

Hpv Vaccination ◽

Screening Method ◽

Population Based ◽

Screening Tests ◽

Screening Methods ◽

Hpv Testing ◽

Screening Programs

Cervical cancer is the fourth most frequently occurring cancer in women around the world and can affect them during their reproductive years. Since the development of the Papanicolaou (Pap) test, screening has been essential in identifying cervical cancer at a treatable stage. With the identification of the human papillomavirus (HPV) as the causative agent of essentially all cervical cancer cases, HPV molecular screening tests and HPV vaccines for primary prevention against the virus have been developed. Accordingly, comparative studies were designed to assess the performance of cervical cancer screening methods in order to devise the best screening strategy possible. This review critically assesses the current cervical cancer screening methods as well as the implementation of HPV vaccination in Europe. The most recent European Guidelines and recommendations for organized population-based programs with HPV testing as the primary screening method are also presented. Lastly, the current landscape of cervical cancer screening programs is assessed for both European Union member states and some associated countries, in regard to the transition towards population-based screening programs with primary HPV testing.

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State of HPV16 integration in Lithuanian women with cervical neoplasia

Open Medicine ◽

10.2478/s11536-011-0004-6 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 205-212

Author(s):

Agne Sepetiene ◽

Zivile Gudlevicienė ◽

Zana Bumbuliene ◽

Grazina Drasutiene ◽

Janina Didziapetriene

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Rapid Progression ◽

The European Union ◽

Cervical Lesions ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

Cin Iii ◽

Cell Genome ◽

Virus Integration

AbstractCervical cancer morbidity and mortality in Lithuania is one of the biggest in the European Union. The main risk factor of cervical cancer is human papillomavirus (HPV). The deletion of the HPV E2 gene influences HPV DNA integration into the cell genome, as well as a rapid progression of cervical lesions. The purpose of this study is to determine HPV, its types, and HPV 16 integration in different grades of cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN). 253 women with cytological lesions were involved in the study. After a histology, 31 women were diagnosed with CIN I, 35 with CIN II, and 51 with CIN III. The biggest prevalence of HPV infection was detected in women younger than 25 years old (69.7%) and in women with CIN II (90.9%). HPV 16 was detected in 67.8% of all cases, with the highest prevalence in CIN III (84.4%). A partial integration form was detected in 65.0% of HPV 16 infected women, a complete virus integration in 26.5%, and an episomal form in 8.4% of cases. Our study concludes that in all the cases confirmed using a histology, the partial virus integration form of CIN was identified the most. It was less frequently detected in CIN I cases (60.0%), but more frequently in CIN II and CIN III cases (72.8 and 69.3%, respectively).

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