scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence and Artificial Sociality: New Phenomena and Challenges for the Social Sciences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Андрей Владимирович Резаев ◽  
Наталья Дамировна Трегубова
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Research Project ◽  
The Social ◽  
Rfbr Grant ◽  
New Phenomena

Acknowledgements. The study was conducted in the framework of the research project supported by RFBR grant No. 20-04-60033.

scholarly journals ARE SOCIOLOGISTS READY FOR ‘ARTIFICIAL SOCIALITY’? CURRENT ISSUES AND FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR STUDYING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES

2018 ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Andrey V. REZAEV ◽  
Natalia D. TREGUBOVA
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Disciplinary Boundaries ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
The Social

Current sociology doesn’t have a settled view on what to do with a phenomenon that in the literature has been titled as “artificial intelligence” (AI). Sociological textbooks, handbooks, encyclopedias, and sociology classes’ syllabi typically either don’t have entries about AI at all or talk about it haphazardly with a stress on AI’s social effects and without discerning the underlying logic that moves the prodigy on. This paper is an invitation to a professional conversation about what and how social sciences can/should study “artificial intelligence”. It is based on a discussion of the preliminary results of an on-going three-year research project that has been launched at the ISA Congress in Toronto. The paper examines AI in relation with ‘artificial sociality’. It argues that research on AI-based technologies is flourishing mainly outside established disciplinary boundaries. Thus, social sciences have to look for new theoretical and methodological frameworks to approach AI and ‘artificial sociality’.

scholarly journals Comparing the Emergence of Technical and Social Sciences Research in Artificial Intelligence

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre K. Ligo ◽  
Krista Rand ◽  
Jason Bassett ◽  
S. E. Galaitsi ◽  
Benjamin D. Trump ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Societal Implications ◽  
Security Engineering ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
The Social ◽  
Collaborative Engagement ◽  
Scientists And Engineers

Applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be examined from perspectives of different disciplines and research areas ranging from computer science and security, engineering, policymaking, and sociology. The technical scholarship of emerging technologies usually precedes the discussion of their societal implications but can benefit from social science insight in scientific development. Therefore, there is an urgent need for scientists and engineers developing AI algorithms and applications to actively engage with scholars in the social sciences. Without collaborative engagement, developers may encounter resistance to the approval and adoption of their technological advancements. This paper reviews a dataset, collected by Elsevier from the Scopus database, of papers on AI application published between 1997 and 2018, and examines how the co-development of technical and social science communities has grown throughout AI's earliest to latest stages of development. Thus far, more AI research exists that combines social science and technical explorations than AI scholarship of social sciences alone, and both categories are dwarfed by technical research. Moreover, we identify a relative absence of AI research related to its societal implications such as governance, ethics, or moral implications of the technology. The future of AI scholarship will benefit from both technical and social science examinations of the discipline's risk assessment, governance, and public engagement needs, to foster advances in AI that are sustainable, risk-informed, and societally beneficial.

The Future of ICT/LKT in the Teaching and Learning of Social Sciences, Geography, and History

2020 ◽  
pp. 268-291
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Adaptive Learning ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Online Tools ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Challenges

Most experts consider that society has entered in a Fourth Industrial Revolution that implies ubiquitous changes characterized by a fusion of technologies that is blurring the lines that differentiate physical, digital, and biological spheres. This implies to open a door to important changes in the teaching and learning of the social sciences, geography, and history. Regarding this, it is necessary that both citizens and organizations develop new skills. Artificial intelligence as education technology is possible due to digital and online tools. Adaptive learning, meanwhile, is related to artificial intelligence, personalizing the learning and offering contents adapted to students. New challenges in the teaching of social sciences extends beyond the learning of facts and events. As a result of changes in society of Fourth Industrial Revolution, thinking-based learning (TBL) with the support of learning and knowledge technologies (LKT), creativity, critical thinking, and cooperation are some of the essential learning goals to participate in society.

scholarly journals Kommunales Integrationsmanagement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Reis
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Research Project ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Large Research

The social integration of refugees and other immigrants depends on the development of their chances of participating in society and on making them more proficient in doing so, a strategy which requires the corresponding alignment and coordination of local social services. This handbook practically uses the results of a large research project. It shows how to build up networks of professionals and volunteers and to establish case management as a concept and method in order to coordinate individually oriented services. The handbook presents a theoretical foundation, but also practical concepts and useful instruments with which to implement them. It will appeal to those who work in the context of local social and migration policy, as well as academics and teachers in the field of social sciences.

scholarly journals Attitudes towards plagiarism in academia

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Vassileva ◽  
Mariya Chankova
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Alexander Von Humboldt ◽  
Regulatory Systems ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Common Practices ◽  
German Research

This contribution probes into the attitudes towards plagiarism in academia as it details the results of a questionnaire study within the larger framework of a joint Bulgarian-German research project on plagiarism in academia. The questionnaire focused on investigating the scope of the notion of plagiarism as Bulgarian academics understand it and second, looking into the availability of a system of support to prevent transgressors and/or sanctions for transgressing academics across Bulgarian universities. The results of the questionnaire suggest that while there appears to be a consensus among Bulgarian academics about the different facets that make up the notion of plagiarism, the reported attitudes towards plagiarism practices vary greatly, reflecting a non-uniform perception of what constitutes an offense. It also shows a deep dissatisfaction with existing anti-plagiarism regulatory systems in Bulgarian scientific institutions. Note: This study was financed by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Germany, as part of a larger project entitled: “Text Plagiarism in the Social Sciences vis-à-vis Ethical Aspects and Common Practices” and realized within the framework of the Research Group Linkage Programme of the foundation in the period of 01.01.2017 – 30.06.2018. Ref. 3.4 – 1062413 – BGR – IP.

scholarly journals Transformations through “Community-First” Engagement

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. i-x
Author(s):  
Peter Andrée ◽  
Isobel Findlay ◽  
David Peacock
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Community Engagement ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Partnership Research ◽  
Short Video

The content in this special issue was created in the context of the Community First: Impacts of Community Engagement (CFICE, pronounced “suffice”) partnership research project, funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada beginning in 2012. As you will see in this short video, our project seeks to develop strong community-campus partnerships “by putting community first”.

Ubiquitous tools, connected things and intelligent agents: Disentangling the terminology and revealing underlying theoretical dimensions

First Monday ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Etzrodt ◽  
Sven Engesser
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Intelligent Agents ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
The Social ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Key Questions

Research on the social implications of technological developments is highly relevant. However, a broader comprehension of current innovations and their underlying theoretical frameworks is limited by their rapid evolution, as well as a plethora of different terms and definitions. The terminology used to describe current innovations varies significantly among disciplines, such as social sciences and computer sciences. This article contributes to systematic and cross-disciplinary research on current technological applications in everyday life by identifying the most relevant concepts (i.e., Ubiquitous Computing, Internet of Things, Smart Objects and Environments, Ambient Environments and Artificial Intelligence) and relating them to each other. Key questions, core aspects, similarities and differences are identified. Theoretically disentangling terminology results in four distinct analytical dimensions (connectivity, invisibility, awareness, and agency) that facilitate and address social implications. This article provides a basis for a deeper understanding, precise operationalisations, and an increased anticipation of impending developments.

Embodied methodologies: challenges, reflections and strategies

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachelle Chadwick
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Women's Narratives ◽  
Methodological Challenges ◽  
The Social ◽  
Qualitative Methodologies

This paper focuses on the methodological challenges of ‘embodying’ qualitative research. While a substantial literature exists on theoretical aspects of the ‘turn to bodies’, there is little work which has grappled with its methodological implications. This article provides a brief overview and critique of approaches to embodied qualitative methodologies developed in the social sciences over the last decade. The paper also articulates theoretical-methodological strategies that could be useful in the effort to develop ‘embodied methodologies’. The theoretical-methodological strategies outlined include: theorising the embodied subject, problematizing transcription and using poetic representational and methodological devices. These strategies are discussed in relation to a research project exploring women’s narratives of childbirth and shows their use in tracing and representing the sensual body in qualitative analysis.

scholarly journals The other Cambridge analytics: Early ‘artificial intelligence’ in American Political Science

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenwick McKelvey
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Management ◽  
American Academia ◽  
Political Epistemology ◽  
Applications Of Machine Learning ◽  
American Political Science

Harold Lasswell, quoted in a 1961 issue of Harper’s Magazine, described the Simulmatics Corporation as the “A-bomb of the social sciences.” Simulmatics had attracted his attention after publicizing its use of computer modeling to predict public opinion for the 1960 Kennedy Presidential Campaign. A preeminent figure in the American academia, Lasswell’s quotes reflects the long promise of “artificial intelligence” in a broad sense as a technology to better know politics and populations. Simulmatics was one application of this research agenda developed at MIT along with Project Cambridge. These under-studied cases are a needed counterpoint to theorize the contemporary applications of machine learning and deep learning for political management as popularized by the defunct psychographics firm Cambridge Analytica.Building on the pre-conference’s periodization of AI from rule-based to today’s temporal flows of classifications, I distinguish modern AI epistemology (machine learning and deep learning) from its predecessors through two key applications at MIT, the Simulmatics Corporation and its academic equivalent Project Cambridge. Drawing on archival research, I analyze the constitutive discourses that formulated the problems to be solved and the artifacts of code that actualized these projects. Simulmatics Corporation and Project Cambridge marked an important passage point of the cyborg sciences into politics and governance, integrating behaviouralism with mathematical modeling in hopes of rendering populations more knowable and manageable. In doing so, these other analytics at Cambridge erased the boundaries between artificial intelligence and political intelligence, an erasure necessary for AI to be seen as a political epistemology today.

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