scholarly journals Meanings and scripts in the linguistic landscape of Saint Petersburg

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 802-815
Author(s):  
Daria Bylieva ◽  
Victoria Lobatyuk
Keyword(s):  
Language Game ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
City Center ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Latin Script ◽  
Hide Meaning ◽  
International Visitors ◽  
The City ◽  
The Russian Language

Abstract This article examines the linguistic component of building signs in the city center of St. Petersburg, Russia. The research is based on the analysis of an extensive database that covers 849 examples. It concludes that the Cyrillic script can be found in 84% of cases, Latin script – in 48%, and other scripts – in 4%. English is used to attract international visitors, demonstrate the authenticity of the brand, create a national flavor, hide meaning from the general public or as a part of linguistic creativity. Sometimes such language experiments break the phonetic–graphemic definitiveness of language, mixing form, and meaning. The use of the Latin script can either be targeted at those who do not know the Russian language or form a part of the language game for the Russian-speaking public.

scholarly journals CHUVASH URBANONYMS OF CHEBOKSARY

2021 ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
Эдуард Валентинович Фомин
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Regional Identity ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Social Linguistics ◽  
The City ◽  
The Russian Language

Настоящая работа посвящена изучению официальных чувашских урбанонимов г. Чебоксары. Цель исследования - установить характерные черты национальной урбанонимии Чебоксар в сопоставлении с русской и представить ее в качестве системного явления. Материалом исследования послужила официальная номенклатура городских геонимов. Выводы работы строятся на количественно-качественных методах исследования в аспекте ономастики, ортологии, социальной лингвистики и переводоведения. Чувашские урбанонимы г. Чебоксары по сути имеют вспомогательный вторичный статус. Они сопровождают русские названия, являются средством формирования лояльного отношения к чувашской культуре, поддерживают специфичный лингвистический ландшафт города и выступают в качестве существенного фактора, обосновывающего чебоксарский региолект русского языка. Согласно исследованию, феномен современной русскоцентричной урбанонимии Чебоксар заложен еще во второй половине XVIII века и обусловлен переходом чувашского народа на православный именослов. В настоящее время в условиях существенного языкового сдвига в чувашской среде перевод официального визуального и вербального ландшафтов Чебоксар на чувашский язык становится одной из действенных мер придания городу неповторимых черт и усиления регионального самосознания его жителей. Урбанонимы Чебоксар, включая чувашские наименования, подлежат кодификации в рамках специального словаря энциклопедического типа. The work is devoted to the study of the official Chuvash urbanonyms of the city of Cheboksary. The aim of the study is to establish the characteristic features of the Chuvash urbanonyms of Cheboksary in comparison with the Russian ones and present them as a systemic phenomenon. The research material is the official nomenclature of urban geonyms. The conclusions are based on quantitative and qualitative research methods in the aspect of onomastics, orthology, social linguistics and translation studies. In fact, Chuvash urbanonyms of Cheboksary have an auxiliary secondary status. They accompany Russian names, are the means of formation of loyal attitude towards the Chuvash culture, support the specific linguistic landscape of the city and act as an essential factor that substantiates the Cheboksary dialect of the Russian language. According to the study, the phenomenon of the modern Russian-centered urbanonyms of Cheboksary originated in the second half of the 18th century and was caused by the transition of the Chuvash people to the Orthodox name book. Currently, in the context of a significant linguistic shift in the Chuvash environment, the translation of the official visual and verbal landscapes of Cheboksary into the Chuvash language is becoming one of the most important measures to give the city unique features and strengthen regional identity. The urbanonyms of Cheboksary, including Chuvash names, are subject to codification within the framework of a specific encyclopedic dictionary.

scholarly journals Russian philosophy and the formation of the Russian national and cultural canon: problems and prospects ([Review on:] Malinov A.V. Research and articles on Russian philosophy. Saint Petersburg: RHGA, 2020, 608 p.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 181-190
Author(s):  
A.B. Bocharov
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
The Common ◽  
Evolution Of Ideas ◽  
The Russian Language

This work is devoted to the analysis of the book by A.V. Malinov “Research and Articles on Russian Philosophy”. The main subject-content and thematic-subject lines of the book are revealed: philosophy of Slavophiles; historical, cultural and philosophical contexts of V.S. Solovyov and V.V. Rozanov; professional philosophy in Russia. Points to the variety of genres published in a collection of articles and materials of historical and philosophical articles, teaching materials (lectures and paragraphs from the textbooks), archival materials, methodological reflections. The author considers the interpretations of A.S. Khomyakov, the Slavophil ideas of O.F. Miller, the evolution of ideas about the common Slavic language, the attitude of V.S. Solovyov with N.I. Kareyev and St. Petersburg Slavophiles (including the polemic of V.S. Soloviev with the Slavophiles in the last work of the Russian philosopher – “Three Conversations”), V.V. Rozanov with the Slavophiles and V.I. Lamansky, features of V.V. Rozanov, the philosophical heritage of A.I. Vvedensky and the controversy caused by him, the place of L.P. Karsavin in the tradition of teaching the philosophy of history at St. Petersburg University, the specifics and historical path traversed by university philosophy in Russia, the modernization of the methods of modern historical and philosophical research, etc. The author notes the author's appeal to little-studied representatives of Russian philosophy, original interpretations of biographical and historical-philosophical plots, the use of the expressive possibilities of the Russian language, enriching the interpretive possibilities of the historiography of Russian philosophy. The conclusion is made about the preservation of the “Russian canon” in the research of Russian philosophy, about its heuristic possibilities. The author's intention is explained and the value of research of this kind, serving the purpose of reinterpreting the ideas of Russian philosophy, solving the problem of preserving the values and meanings of Russian culture in the modern historical and cultural context, is indicated.

scholarly journals Architecture of modern coastal development. Saint Petersburg realias and experience of Amsterdam, Rotterdam and Hamburg

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 05022
Author(s):  
Fedor Perov ◽  
Leonid Lavrov ◽  
Aleksandra Eremeeva
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Coastal Development ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
City Center ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
The City ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland

Results of the first stage of territory development in the Gulf of Finland near the western coast of Vasilyevsky Island in Saint Petersburg are rated unsatisfactory. Results in the field of aesthetics, ecology, social stability and functional arrangement of the urban environment on new lands are negative. According to the analysis of experience in coastal areas' reconstruction in Amsterdam, Rotterdam and Hamburg, ambitious goals that were set for the project in Saint Petersburg were not achieved due to defects of the urban planning system — there was no centralized project management, activities of contractors, who neglected exclusive potential of the coastal area and its proximity to the historical core of the city, were insufficiently coordinated and controlled. It is argued that this is due to inertia of the Saint Petersburg design and construction system. During many years, it was focused on large-scale residential development of vast peripheral territories and, therefore, it was not capable to resolve issues related to development of highly urbanized environment in the city center. Omissions made during construction of a highway through the residential area are identified. The highway design does not provide reliable protection against negative impact on residential quarters. The route of the highway was designed as a bypass of the city center, but it became the shortest route to the center. It is noted that further development will offer opportunities for partial correction of the errors made. The new management team of the city architectural services considers the territory perspective for expansion of the Saint Petersburg center towards the water area of the Gulf of Finland.

scholarly journals THE SCIENTIFIC HERITAGE OF THE PROMINENT ESTONIAN LINGUIST MATI HINT

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-170
Author(s):  
Szilárd Tibor Tóth
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Estonian Language ◽  
The University ◽  
The Russian Language

The scientific views of the famous Estonian linguist, public figure and politician, legendary professor of the University of Tallinn, Mati Hint (1937-2019), cover a wide range of Estonian philology, from phonetics to linguistic politics and the research of linguistic landscape. The number of his scientific works is well over 300. Mati Hint was characterized by a constant opposition to the mainstream. He popularized the South Estonian Tartu literary language, which had become extinct at the beginning of the 20th century, by publishing several scientific articles on this subject. Hint provided an innovative description of the phonological system, morphophonology and the grade alternation of the Estonian language. According to his concept, in the Estonian language, three longitudes of phonemes cannot be distinguished. Three longitudes can have a syllable. Thus, Estonian is not an unique language that differs from all other languages of the world, but on the contrary, it fits perfectly into all languages of the world. In many works he explains the problems of contacts between the Estonian and the Russian languages. Hint indicates the consequences of bilingualism, which may result in semilingualism, and in extreme cases in a language shift. A large language can be pidginized and creolized. According to the current period, professor Hint attributed to the English language similar roles in relation to Estonian, which he attributed to the Russian language during Perestroika.

L. V. Scherba – a Theoretician and Practitioner of Russian Lexicography

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
E. G. Stukova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
High Level ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Very High ◽  
Made In

The article analyses some aspects of lexicographic activity of L. V. Scherba: it examines his contribution into the development of the theory of lexicography, gives a survey of the dictionaries compiled with his participation in the 1920s–30s of the XX century, introduces to the scientific community some little-known facts of his lexicographic activity of the period. In addition to a general scientific overview of special literature and the analysis of his «Dictionary of the Russian Language», the article presents facts of the archival documents from Saint Petersburg branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The article deals with such unknown or little-known facts as L. V. Schera’s personal participation in the 1920s–30s in a number of lexicographic projects in Moscow and Leningrad: he took part in the compilation of «Lenin’s» dictionary of the Russian language, made in Moscow, A. S. Griboyedov’s «Woe from Wit» dictionary. A special page in the history of L. V. Scherba’s lexicographic activity became his work as a member of the Dictionary commission of the Academy of Sciences, his being an editor of a number of issues of the «Dictionary of the Russian Language» under the general edition of A. A. Shahmatov, and also compilation of the IX volume of the «Dictionary of the Russian Language» edited by N. S. Derzhavin. The article gives a brief analysis of the materials of the only published first issue («И – Идеализироваться») of this volume. The article summarizes important and topical for the theory of lexicography L. V. Sherba’s observations and statements resulting from his considerable practical dictionary making work. The article gives a brief account of concrete lexicographic material testifying for a very high level of the scientist’s lexicographic work.

scholarly journals Topograficzno-historyczna geneza nazw własnych krakowskich mostów i innych budowli służących przeprawie

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-144
Author(s):  
Krystyna Kowalik
Keyword(s):  
Proper Names ◽  
Physical Appearance ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Distinct Structure ◽  
And Function ◽  
The City ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Genitive Case

The following paper is dedicated to the analysis of 41 proper names (including 18 historical names) of structures in Cracow used for crossing water and terrain, identified architecturally as bridges, footbridges, trestle bridges and flyovers. These names have got a rather distinct structure: the anteposition contains a generic name, while the postposition comprises an individualising determinant, such as an adjective or a noun in genitive case, less frequently nominative: most Dębnicki (bridge), most Wandy (bridge), most Lajkonik (bridge); kładka Ojca Bernatka (footbridge), estakada Obrońców Lwowa (trestle bridge). Most of these terms have toponymic or anthroponymic motivation connected with Cracow, others belong to exceptions. There is a tendency for using commemorative names, introduced with the preposition imienia/im. (named after): most im. Kardynała Franciszka Macharskiego. Due to the fact that these structures are located in the city, their names belong to urbanonymy. The physical appearance and function of these facilities make it possible to apply in their names the notion of hodonymy. In the Russian language the term gefironim has been used in reference to these names. In terms of the type of denoted structures, the notion gefironim is narrower than an urbanonym, but it is wider when it comes to the area in which these structures are located.

scholarly journals Внутригородская ономастическая лексика как отражение истории русского языка (на материале парных именований и двандва в коммерческих урбанонимах)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.V. Pimenova ◽  
L. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Structural Patterns ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Vladimir Region ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
The Russian Language

В статье рассматривается внутригородская ономастическая лексика как отражение истории русского языка. На материале коммерческих урбанонимов г. Владимира и Владимирской области (современных названий магазинов, ресторанов, кафе, салонов, фирм и т.п.) демонстрируется функционирование древних парных именований (хлеб-соль, гуси-лебеди,стар имлад,черноеибелоеи др.), а также случаи использования их семантических и структурных моделей в нейминге.The article deals with intracity onomastic vocabulary as a reflection of the history of the Russian language. On the material commercial urbanity of the city of Vladimir region (the contemporary names of shops, restaurants, cafes, salons, firms, etc.), illustrates the operation of the ancient of paired names (bread and salt, geese and swan, young and old, black and white, etc.), as well as use cases and their semantic and structural patterns in the naming.

scholarly journals A PATH FROM LEXEME TO MORPHEME (on exit-derivatives in the present-day russian language)

2019 ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Tamara Prystaiko
Keyword(s):  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Language Game ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Component Object ◽  
Research Complex ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Morphological System ◽  
The Eu

Objective of the research –  complex analysis of the words with -exit component. Object of the research – speech contexts representing use of exit-derivatives in Russian-language segment of the Internet; subject of the research – absorption of the brexit-model by the Russian language. Following methods have been applied: observation, comparison, classification, and description as well as semantic, morphological and word-forming, contextual analyses. The research has resulted in determining the peculiarities of reception of exit-derivatives in the Russian language in terms of morphemization of the exit-component. Practical implication of the results is possible while studying neogenesis in the Russian language. Conclusions: 1) world political importance of the withdrawal of Great Britain from the EU has stipulated the fact that not only term Brexit but the whole range of exit-derivatives have appeared in linguistic discourses of numerous countries; 2) having occupied initially “empty” semantic niche with “countrywise” meaning “withdrawal of a country-member from the EU”, exit-derivatives have turned to be involved rather fast into the process of metonymic expansion (“withdrawal of a country from any international commute” and “a process of the withdrawal of some part of the country from the whole state”) and metaphoric reinterpretation (“withdrawal/exit of some significant person (politician, state figure) from a big sphere of political (state) activity”); 3) along with brexit lexeme, exit-derivatives are going through the stage of phonetic-graphic adaptation generating certain phonetic-graphic variability; they are entering  morphological system of the Russian language overcoming original indeclinability; 4) in terms of Internet mass-media discourse, brexit word implements actively a word-forming potential acquiring derivatives and forming its own family of words; 5) brexit lexeme is being involved actively into the language game being one of the conditions of not only its reception but morphemization of -exit component in the Russian language.  

scholarly journals Investigation of the properties of brick as partof the outer walls of historical buildings in Saint Petersburg

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-120
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Sokol ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Outer Wall ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
City Center ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Historical Center ◽  
Full Scale Tests ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The City

The brick industry began to develop rapidly in the middle of the XIX century, which coincided with the construction of most of the buildings in the city center. Therefore, brick is a popular building material that has found wide application in the development of the historical center of Saint Petersburg. The results of full-scale tests of bricks taken from the outer wall of a historic building show that the bricks have retained their building properties. But single-layer brick walls do not meet the new requirements for energy saving, and, in this regard, options for using an insulant material in the structure of outer walls are offered, and ways of increasing the energy efficiency of historical development buildings are considered.

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