scholarly journals Counseling  Older LGBTQ+ Adults of Color: Relational-Cultural Theory in Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-382
Author(s):  
Christian D. Chan ◽  
Camille D. Frank ◽  
Melisa DeMeyer ◽  
Aishwarya Joshi ◽  
Edson Andrade Vargas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Relational Cultural Theory ◽  
Health And Wellness ◽  
Life Span Development ◽  
History Of

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) communities have faced a history of discriminatory incidents with deleterious effects on mental health and wellness. Compounded with other historically marginalized identities, LGBTQ+ people of color continue to experience disenfranchisement, inequities, and invisibility, leading to complex experiences of oppression and resilience. Moving into later stages of life span development, older adults of color in LGBTQ+ communities navigate unique nuances within their transitions. The article addresses the following goals to connect relational–cultural theory (RCT) as a relevant theoretical framework for counseling with older LGBTQ+ adults of color: (a) explication of conceptual and empirical research related to older LGBTQ+ adults of color; (b) outline of key principles involved in the RCT approach; and (c) RCT applications in practice and research for older LGBTQ+ adults of color.

scholarly journals Determinants for undetected dementia and late-life depression

2013 ◽  
Vol 203 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruoling Chen ◽  
Zhi Hu ◽  
Ruo-Li Chen ◽  
Ying Ma ◽  
Dongmei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Late Life Depression ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Risk Populations ◽  
Low Levels

BackgroundDeterminants for undetected dementia and late-life depression have been not well studied.AimsTo investigate risk factors for undetected dementia and depression in older communities.MethodUsing the method of the 10/66 algorithm, we interviewed a random sample of 7072 participants aged ⩽60 years in six provinces of China during 2007–2011. We documented doctor-diagnosed dementia and depression in the interview. Using the validated 10/66 algorithm we diagnosed dementia (n= 359) and depression (n= 328).ResultsWe found that 93.1% of dementia and 92.5% of depression was undetected. Both undetected dementia and depression were significantly associated with low levels of education and occupation, and living in a rural area. The risk of undetected dementia was also associated with ‘help available when needed‘, and inversely, with a family history of mental illness and having functional impairment. Undetected depression was significantly related to female gender, low income, having more children and inversely with having heart disease.ConclusionsOlder adults in China have high levels of undetected dementia and depression. General socioeconomic improvement, associated with mental health education, targeting high-risk populations are likely to increase detection of dementia and depression in older adults, providing a backdrop for culturally acceptable service development.

A Historical Perspective on Violence Against and Policing of LGBTQ Communities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtenay W. Daum
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
Sexual Deviancy ◽  
Gay Bars ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sexual Conduct

Law enforcement has a lengthy history of policing LGBTQ communities. Throughout the 20th century, police utilized laws prohibiting same-sex sexual conduct to criminalize LGBTQ individuals, and to target public gathering places including gay bars. Sodomy prohibitions were supplemented by mental health diagnoses including assumptions about criminal pathologies among LGBTQ individuals and the government’s fear that LGBTQ individuals’ sexual perversions made them a national security risk to subject LGBTQ communities to extensive policing based on their alleged sexual deviance. The successes of the gay rights movement led the American Psychiatric Association to declassify homosexuality as a mental health disorder in the 1970s, and the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision that prohibitions on sodomy run afoul of the Constitution ended the de jure criminalization of LGBTQ individuals based on their sexual conduct. Today, policing of LGBTQ communities consists of both overpolicing and underenforcement. Law enforcement regularly profiles some facets of LGBTQ communities in order to selectively enforce general criminal prohibitions on public lewdness, solicitation, loitering, and vagrancy—consistent with the goals of “quality of life” policing—on gay men, transwomen, and LGBTQ youth, respectively. The selective enforcement of these laws often targets LGBTQ people of color and other intersectionally identified LGBTQ individuals in order to criminalize their existence based on ongoing stereotypes about sexual deviancy. In addition, police regularly fail to recognize LGBTQ individuals as victims of crimes, with the exception of particularly heinous hate crimes, and do not adequately attend to their needs and/or subject them to secondary victimization. As such, the relationship between many LGBTQ communities and law enforcement continues to be characterized by antagonisms and mistrust.

Addressing Stereotypes and Ageism in a Life Span Development Course

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane P. Sheldon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Student Response ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Student Responses ◽  
Life Span Development ◽  
Class Period ◽  
Development Course

A primary purpose of teaching is to help students become able to critically evaluate their own knowledge base to see where biases and stereotypes exist. An activity that serves to structure a class period is to expand on Fried's (1988) exercise in which students generate positive and negative stereotypes about older adults. The instructor must prepare extensively beforehand by anticipating student responses and finding psychological research and theories that address each of the anticipated stereotypes. Thus, the stereotypes serve as a springboard for a lecture on aging as well as a discussion of ageism. Student response to the activity is positive.

The Role of Relational-Cultural Theory in Mental Health Counseling

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thelma Duffey ◽  
Catherine Somody
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Mental Health Counseling ◽  
Relational Cultural Theory ◽  
Professional Counseling ◽  
Health Counseling ◽  
Mental Health And Illness ◽  
Strength Based ◽  
Health And Illness

One feature that distinguishes professional counseling from other mental health and illness disciplines is its developmental, strength-based, contextually-focused, and wellness perspective. Given the multicultural paradigm that the counseling field emphasizes, it is increasingly important to identify models like relational-cultural theory (RCT) that support these principles. This article includes an overview of the basic tenets of RCT and applications to mental health counseling

Are Older Adults Unique? Examining Presenting Issues and Changes in Therapy Across the Life Span

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-258
Author(s):  
Allen K. Sabey ◽  
Jakob Jensen ◽  
Samuel Major ◽  
Richard Zinbarg ◽  
William Pinsof
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Family Of Origin ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Individual Family ◽  
Changes Over Time

With the urgent need to increase and improve mental health care of the growing population of older adults in the United States, clinical research is warranted to further the knowledge and improve the relevant training for mental health professionals working with older adults. This study drew from two diverse clinical samples of adults ages 18 years to 80 years to examine whether and how initial clinical presentations and changes over time in individual, family-of-origin, and relational measures differed across the life span. Results indicated a variety of linear and curvilinear associations between individual, family-of-origin, and relational measures at intake and age, with some moderation by gender. There were no significant results between the amount of change on those measures and age, indicating that older adults may change in similar fashion to middle-aged and younger adults in psychotherapy. Relevant clinical implications are provided.

scholarly journals Adults who microdose psychedelics report health related motivations and lower levels of anxiety and depression compared to non-microdosers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Rootman ◽  
Pamela Kryskow ◽  
Kalin Harvey ◽  
Paul Stamets ◽  
Eesmyal Santos-Brault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Health And Wellness ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Mental Health Benefits ◽  
Health Related ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mental Health Concerns ◽  
Dosage Frequency

AbstractThe use of psychedelic substances at sub-sensorium ‘microdoses’, has gained popular academic interest for reported positive effects on wellness and cognition. The present study describes microdosing practices, motivations and mental health among a sample of self-selected microdosers (n = 4050) and non-microdosers (n = 4653) via a mobile application. Psilocybin was the most commonly used microdose substances in our sample (85%) and we identified diverse microdose practices with regard to dosage, frequency, and the practice of stacking which involves combining psilocybin with non-psychedelic substances such as Lion’s Mane mushrooms, chocolate, and niacin. Microdosers were generally similar to non-microdosing controls with regard to demographics, but were more likely to report a history of mental health concerns. Among individuals reporting mental health concerns, microdosers exhibited lower levels of depression, anxiety, and stress across gender. Health and wellness-related motives were the most prominent motives across microdosers in general, and were more prominent among females and among individuals who reported mental health concerns. Our results indicate health and wellness motives and perceived mental health benefits among microdosers, and highlight the need for further research into the mental health consequences of microdosing including studies with rigorous longitudinal designs.

scholarly journals Early Life Experiences Moderate the Relationship Between Genetic Risk of Autism and Current and Lifetime Mental Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Hyun Shin ◽  
Cheryl Wright ◽  
Susan Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

Although individuals with autism are at greater risk of mental health challenges than others, we know little about the relationship between the mental health of older adults (50+) and autism because they are less likely to be diagnosed. Identifying the risk and protective factors that are associated with mental health can increase educational awareness, inform clinical practice, and provide information to help diagnose and treat older adults with autism. This study used longitudinal panel data of the 2008–2016 waves of the Health and Retirement Study. It estimated individual random-effect models by interacting a genetic propensity toward autism and early life experiences to test whether the latter has a moderating effect on the relationships between genetics and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) score, self-reported depression, and history of psychiatric problems. Results suggest that individuals with a higher genetic propensity for autism are less likely to develop psychiatric problems if they report a positive maternal relationship early in life. Further, a combined effect of police encounters early in life and genetic risk for autism is associated with higher CES-D scores, increased odds of self-reported depression, and a history of psychiatric problems. Clinical applications of these findings include the need to establish and support high-quality relationships by addressing both child and caregiver needs. Further, these findings support the need to design and implement proactive interventions to teach police and autistic individuals how to successfully navigate these encounters.

Walking meditation versus balance training for improving balance abilities among older adults with history of fall: A randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 026921552110682
Author(s):  
Chalida Phoobangkerdphol ◽  
Patchara Limampai ◽  
Sirinuch Dasri ◽  
Vilai Kuptniratsaikul
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Functional Reach Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Walking Meditation

Objective To investigate improvement in balance abilities compared between walking meditation and balance training among older adults with history of fall. Interventions Walking meditation or mindfulness meditation whilst standing and moving ( n = 35) or balance training ( n = 33) 20–30 min/day, 5–7 days/week for 24 weeks was performed at home. Main outcomes The primary outcomes were dynamic balance abilities as assessed by Timed Up and Go test (TUGT), and static balance as assessed by Functional Reach Test (FRT) and Single Leg Stance Test (SLST). The secondary outcomes were quality of life as measured by the EuroQOL 5-dimensions 5-levels (EQ-5D-5L), and mental health as evaluated by the Thai Geriatric Mental Health Assessment Tool-15 (TGMHA-15). All outcomes were assessed at baseline, 6 months, and 9 months. Self-reported compliance, adverse events, and patient satisfaction were recorded at 6 and 9 months. Results The mean age was 69 years (range: 60–85). No significant difference was observed between groups for the 3 primary outcome measures. The mean difference (95% confidence interval) between groups was −0.48 (-1.40, 0.44) for TUGT, −1.11 (-3.66, 1.45) for FRT, and 0.82 (-5.03, 6.67) for SLST. The EQ-5D-5L and TGMHA-15 also showed no significant difference between groups. Most participants were in good compliance with the exercise protocol (48.3–68.0%), and no serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion Our results showed walking meditation to be comparable to balance training for improving balance abilities in older adults with history of fall. Walking meditation may be considered an alternative treatment for improving balance abilities in this patient population.

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