Eggshell as a source of calcium in the production, nutrition and bromatological composition of 'Piatã' and 'Marandu' grasses

ABSTRACT The demand for environmentally sustainable agricultural production systems encouraged this study, which evaluated the productive aspects and nutritional status of 'Piatã' palisadegrass and productive aspects and bromatological composition of 'Marandu' palisadegrass fertilized with eggshell, replacing other sources of calcium. 'Piatã' palisadegrass was grown in the field, in a randomized block design, and 'Marandu' palisadegrass in pots, in a completely randomized design, both with eggshell doses equivalent to 0, 78, 156, 234, 312 and 390 kg ha-1 of total calcium, using four replicates. The productive aspects of 'Piatã' and 'Marandu' grasses were not significantly altered by the eggshell doses, as well as the contents and accumulations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn in the 'Piatã' palisadegrass and dry mass, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, hemicellulose, crude protein, digestible energy, metabolizable energy and the apparent digestibility of dry mass in the 'Marandu' palisadegrass. As a source of calcium, eggshell did not increase the mass production of the forages and did not promote improvements in the nutritional status of 'Piatã' palisadegrass and bromatological composition of 'Marandu' palisadegrass.

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Effect of glycerin on digestibility of diets for pigs determined with different methodologies

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4supl1p2803 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽

pp. 2803

Author(s):

Guiomar Helena Verussa ◽

Anderson Corassa ◽

Ana Paula Silva Ton ◽

Cláudia Marie Komiyama ◽

Douglas Dos Santos Pina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soybean Oil ◽

Block Design ◽

Linear Increase ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Mineral Matter ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Proportional Relationship ◽

Inclusion Level

Glycerin is a by-product from the biodiesel chain whose energy value can be beneficial to pig diets. In this study, eight barrows were distributed individually into metabolic cages in a completely randomized block design. The animals were fed diets containing 0, 5, 10 and 15% glycerin from soybean oil and subjected to the methods of total feces and urine collection and chromic oxide marker. We determined the digestibility coefficients (DC); the dietary levels of digestible dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), mineral matter (MM), ether extract (EE), an neutral detergent fiber (NDF); digestible energy (DE); metabolizable energy (ME); and these last two variables corrected for the nitrogen content (DEn and MEn). Digestible OM values increased linearly with glycerin inclusion in the diets. The digestible CP of the diets showed an inversely proportional relationship with glycerin inclusion levels. Digestible MM decreased linearly when determined by the total collection method and quadratically when determined by the marker method. There was a linear increase in the digestible and metabolizable coefficients of energy, DE, DEn, ME and MEn of the diets as the glycerin inclusion level was increased. Inclusion of up to 15% glycerin obtained from soybean oil production increased the digestible fractions of organic matter and energy of the diets.

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Productivity and quality of Mombasa grass under fertilization with pig deep-litter and NPK

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n7p437-443 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (7) ◽

pp. 437-443

Author(s):

Marina da C. Guerrero ◽

Tiago R. de Sousa ◽

Saulo A. de Oliveira ◽

Rômulo R. Caldeira ◽

Adilson Pelá

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Point Of View ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Mineral Fertilization ◽

Economic Point ◽

Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT The use of pig deep-litter (PDL) in pasture fertilization can be an important alternative from an environmental and economic point of view. This study was conducted to evaluate the fertilization with PDL exclusively or in association with mineral fertilizers on the quality and productivity of Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa. The experiment was carried out in Ipameri, GO, Brazil. The design was a randomized block design in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme with four repetitions, in plots of 24 m². The doses of PDL (0; 5; 10; 15 and 20 Mg ha-1) were tested, with or without fertilization with NPK (50 kg ha-1 of P2O5, 10 kg ha-1 of K2O and 10 kg ha-1 of N). The organic fertilizer was applied broadcast at the planting of the pasture, and the mineral fertilizers were split and applied at planting and as topdressing. Dry mass, crude protein, acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber were evaluated. PDL doses associated with mineral fertilization led to linear increases from 52 to 282% in the analyzed variables and better bromatological composition. PDL application is beneficial to the production of pastures, and increasing applications up to the PDL dose of 20 Mg ha-1 associated with mineral fertilization promoted better quantitative and qualitative results. With exclusive fertilization with PDL, the gains in quality and productivity were more modest.

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Effect of glycerin on digestibility of diets for pigs determined with different methodologies

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4suplp2803 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽

pp. 2803

Author(s):

Guiomar Helena Verussa ◽

Anderson Corassa ◽

Ana Paula Silva Ton ◽

Cláudia Marie Komiyama ◽

Douglas Dos Santos Pina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soybean Oil ◽

Block Design ◽

Linear Increase ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Mineral Matter ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Proportional Relationship ◽

Inclusion Level

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Physical-physiological quality and early performance of sorghum plants under different boron doses via seed

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n6p3185 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 3185-3200

Author(s):

Vanessa Aparecida Pereira Batista ◽

◽

Henrique Duarte Vieira ◽

José Inácio Coelho Pires ◽

Laísa Zanelato Correia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Pellet Formation ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Tropical Crops ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Early Seedling ◽

Early Performance

Boron (B) deficiency is commonly found in tropical crops, among which sorghum stands out for its limited yield under B shortage. However, as a micronutrient, the range between its adequate and toxic levels is narrow, thus fertilization should be cautiously applied. Our goal was to evaluate the physiological and physical quality, as well as early performance, of grain sorghum seedlings under different B doses applied via seeds. Treatments consisted of six doses of boric acid (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, and 12.5 g Kg-1 seeds) plus a control (uncoated seeds). Boron doses were applied to seeds by coating, in which dolomitic limestone and glue were used for pellet formation. Coated seeds were assessed for physical, physiological, and nutritional characteristics in the laboratory, and early seedling performance was evaluated in a greenhouse. Seed tests were carried out in a fully randomized design, while seedling evaluations were carried out in a randomized block design. Boron application to seeds had no significant effect on seed physical characteristics, despite increases in coated seed sizes. Boron doses had a negative effect on the length and dry mass accumulation of both plant shoot and root. Seed-applied B accumulated mainly in roots and significantly interfered with Ca and Mg accumulations in sorghum seeds, shoots, and roots.

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Identification of sorghum hybrids for silage production in the semiarid (BSh) region of northeastern Brazil

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n6p2803 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. 2803-2814

Author(s):

Romilda Rodrigues do Nascimento ◽

◽

Ricardo Loiola Edvan ◽

José Morais Pereira Filho ◽

José Avelino Santos Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Silage Production ◽

Production Characteristics

The objective of this study was to identify the hybrids of sorghum most suitable for the production of silage in the semiarid regions of northeastern Brazil. Twenty-three hybrids were evaluated in a randomized block design with three replicates. The dry mass yield; dry mass of leaf, stem, panicle, grains, and senescent matter; and chemical composition of the plant were evaluated. The pH, ammoniacal nitrogen (N-NH3), and chemical composition of the silage were also assessed. The hybrids 947252, FEPAGRO 18, 12F042226, and SF 11 performed best in terms of morphological characteristics, with the highest mass of leaves and grains. The hybrid FEPAGRO 19 had the highest dry matter value (443.3 ± 17.0 g kg-1), whereas the hybrid 12F042496 had the lowest value (271.3 ± 17.0 g kg-1). The dry matter (DM) content of the other hybrids was within the recommended values for silage production (280 to 400 g kg-1). High levels of crude protein were observed in the grouped hybrids 12F042496, 947254, and 12F042422. The hybrid 12F042496 had the highest neutral detergent fiber content. The hybrids 9929036, 9929030, 9929012, 947254, 947072, PROG 134 IPA, 12F042226, 12F042422, and BRS 506 had pH values ranging between 3.8 and 4.2, indicating good quality silage. Overall, the sorghum hybrids 9929030, 12F042224, 12F042150, FEPAGRO19, and FEPAGRO11 had the best growth and production characteristics, and plant and silage chemical composition, and are thus recommended for the production of silage in the semiarid of northeastern Brazil.

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Residual Activity of Sulfentrazone Applied to Soybean on Cotton Crop in Succession

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582019370100043 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 ◽

Author(s):

W.D. MATTE ◽

S.D. CAVALIERI ◽

C.S. PEREIRA ◽

F.S. IKEDA ◽

L.Y. SHENG

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Production ◽

Production Systems ◽

Block Design ◽

Residual Activity ◽

Recommended Dosage ◽

Cotton Crop ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Subsequent Crop ◽

Weed Resistance ◽

Agricultural Production Systems

ABSTRACT: Weed resistance to glyphosate in agricultural production systems has led to the need of applying herbicides with different mechanisms of action. However, the persistence of these herbicides in the soil can harm the subsequent crop. This study aimed to assess the effect of the residual activity of the herbicide sulfentrazone applied in pre-emergence of soybean on cotton in succession. The experimental design was a randomized block design with five replications, with seven doses of sulfentrazone (0, 37.5, 75, 150, 300, 600, and 1,200 g ha-1). Cotton was sown at 112 days after herbicide application (DAA), with an accumulated precipitation of 637 mm during soybean cycle. Variables related to photosynthetic characteristics, phytointoxication, establishment, development, production components, and yield were assessed in both crops. The residual activity of sulfentrazone did not significantly interfere with the assessed variables in soybean but caused significant losses to cotton, which the recommended dosage (600 g ha-1) of the herbicide reduced cotton yield by 30%.

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Performance of confined sheep fed diets based on silages of different sorghum cultivars

Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal ◽

10.1590/s1519-99402017000300006 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 454-464

Author(s):

Ricardo Martins Araujo PINHO ◽

Edson Mauro SANTOS ◽

Juliana Silva de OLIVEIRA ◽

Alexandre Fernandes PERAZZO ◽

Wandrick Hauss de SOUSA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Research ◽

Block Design ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Live Weight ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

And Performance

SUMMARY The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of silages of different sorghum cultivars through digestibility and nutrient intake and performance of sheep. The experiment was conducted at the Pendência Experimental Station, of the State Company for Agricultural Research of Paraíba S.A. For the experiment, thirty-five rams were used, without defined breed, with average live weight of 17.7 kg, distributed in a completely randomized block design, with five diets and seven replicates to determine intake and performance; and 25 non-castrated rams, without defined breed, distributed in a completely randomized design with five diets and five replicates, to determine the digestibility of nutrients. The average daily intake of dry matter was, on average, 994.66 g. Only the average intakes of ether extract, neutral detergent fiber and non-fibrous carbohydrates, were affected by the diets. The weight gain (WG), feed conversion and feed efficiency of the animals receiving the diets suffered no effect. Silages of BRS 655, 610, 800, 810 and Ponta Negra provided similar intake and digestibility of nutrients. The use of silages of different sorghum cultivars (BRS 610, BRS 655, BRS 800, BRS 810 and Ponta Negra) in diets for confined sheep provide similar performance and intakes.

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Predicting the metabolizable energy of first and second corn harvests for piglets

Ciência e Agrotecnologia ◽

10.1590/1413-70542017416015217 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. 683-691 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lucas Antonio Costa Esteves ◽

Newton Tavares Escocard de Oliveira ◽

Laura Marcela Diaz Huepa ◽

Silvia Letícia Ferreira ◽

Leandro Dalcin Castilha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Acid Detergent Fiber ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Gross Energy ◽

Swine Diets ◽

Best Fit

ABSTRACT Corn is one of the primary ingredients in swine diets, but there is a variation in its chemical composition and metabolizable energy (ME) content. Therefore, faster methods are required that can determine more accurate ME values to improve piglet diets. This study determined and predicted the ME of corn from first and second harvests for piglets. Two experiments were conducted to determine the ME values for 18 corn batches, evaluating corn from first and second harvests. The corn batches were analysed to determine the concentration of dry matter (DM), starch (ST), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), ash, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and gross energy (GE). To determine the ME values, 40 piglets were used in each experiment, grouped into a randomized block design with four replicates. The ME of the corn from the first and second crops ranged from 3281 to 3509 and from 3143 to 3652 kcal/kg on an as-fed basis, respectively, and the fitted equations to predict the ME presented a low R2. The best fit equation for predicting the ME of corn for piglets was determined to be ME= - 6306.15 + 400.652ADF + 117.286ST + 24924.7Ca + 2489.66P - 148.41CP (R2=0.44) for the first harvest; ME= -7560.08 + 2.66895GE - 120.69ADF (R2=0.48) for the second harvest; and ME= 2848.95 + 68.5714NDF + 161.938EE - 5563.5Ca - 1454.2P (R2=0.41) for the joint harvest.

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528 Late-Breaking: Late Gestation Metabolizable Energy Intake Increases Colostrum Yield and Alters Colostrum Composition in Beef Cattle

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab235.275 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 150-150

Author(s):

Koryn S Hare ◽

Emily Croft ◽

Katharine M Wood ◽

Michael A Steele

Keyword(s):

Fixed Effects ◽

Block Design ◽

Compositional Analysis ◽

Repeated Measurements ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Late Gestation ◽

Beef Cow ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Milking Machine ◽

Beta Hydroxybutyrate

Abstract The objective was to determine how late gestation metabolizable energy (ME) intake impacts beef cow colostrogenesis. Angus-Simmental primiparous (n = 47) and multiparous (n = 109) cattle were blocked by expected calving date and randomly assigned to receive diets that supplied 80% (LME; n = 53), 100% (CME; n = 52), or 120% (HME; n = 51) of the ME requirement. Treatments were balanced by initial BW and fed for 53 d prior to calving. Cow body weight was recorded d -53, -39, -25, -10, and -3 relative to calving and retrospectively conceptus-corrected. Calves were weighed and measured prior to suckling. Colostrum was hand-stripped from all cows for compositional analysis and a subset (n = 16/treatment) was fully milked using a milking machine. Data were analyzed (PROC GLIMMIX) as a randomized block design, including the fixed effects of treatment, parity, and treatment×parity and the random effects of block and cow(block). Day and its interactions were included for repeated measurements. Treatment did not affect (P ≥ 0.73) cow BW or conceptus-corrected BW. Calf chest circumference was lesser (treatment×parity: P = 0.023) for primiparous vs. multiparous calves if their dams consumed LME or CME, but not if their dams consumed HME. Feeding HME rather than LME increased (P = 0.006) colostrum yield. The LME diet increased (P = 0.004) colostrum IgG concentration over HME; however, HME colostrum yielded more (P = 0.005) total IgG. Crude protein and urea-N were elevated (P < 0.001) in LME colostrum, whereas HME colostrum contained more (P = 0.026) lactose. Low ME colostrum fat was greater (P = 0.013) than CME and beta-hydroxybutyrate was increased (P < 0.001) in LME vs. CME and HME colostrum. These data provide insight regarding nutrient partitioning during late gestation and demonstrate that beef cow colostrogenesis is responsive to prepartum ME intake.

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Nitrogen and potassium supply and the morphogenic and productive characteristics of marandu palisadegrass

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/s1516-35982010000800007 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 39 (8) ◽

pp. 1666-1675 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Marcio Mahmoud Megda ◽

Francisco Antonio Monteiro

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Dry Matter ◽

System Development ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Dry Matter Production ◽

Root System Development ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Matter Production ◽

Specific Length

The objective of this work was to study morphogenic characteristics, and dry matter production of roots and shoots of marandu palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu) submitted to combinations of nitrogen and potassium, in a nutritive solution, employing silica as substrate. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse during the summer. It was used a 5² fractionated factorial scheme with 13 combinations of nitrogen and potassium, which were distributed in a randomized block design, with four replications. The nitrogen × potassium interaction was significant for the number of tillers and leaves, for leaf area, for shoots and root section dry mass, for total length and surface and specific length and surface in the roots. Production of aerial part dry mass positively correlated with the number of tillers and leaves and grass leaf area. Nitrogen rates modulated the root system development, and the root specific length and surface decreased when high rates of nitrogen and potassium were supllied. Nitrogen and potassium influence Marandu palisadegrass morphogenic characteristics, which are determinant for grass dry matter production.

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