scholarly journals Smear layer removal capacity of disinfectant solutions used with and without EDTA for the irrigation of canals: a SEM study

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Silveira Cardoso de Menezes ◽  
Caio Gorgulho Zanet ◽  
Márcia Carneiro Valera
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Layer Removal ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Group 5

The purpose of this study was to carry out a scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis of the cleaning qualities and smear layer removal from root canal walls, instrumented and irrigated with 2.5% NaOCl, 2.0% chlorhexidine and saline solutions. Fifty extracted teeth were used in this study. All teeth were radiographed to determine the existence of a single canal. The crowns were cut at the cervical limit and the root canals were instrumented with K-type files up to size 45. During root canal preparation, irrigations were made with the different solutions being evaluated: Group 1: 2.5% NaOCl (10 roots); Group 2: 2.5% NaOCl and 17% EDTA for 2 minute (10 roots); Group 3: 2.0% chlorhexidine (10 roots); Group 4: 2.0% chlorhexidine and 17% EDTA for 2 minutes (10 roots); Group 5: saline solution (5 roots); Group 6: saline solution and 17% EDTA for 2 minutes (5 roots). After instrumentation, the canals were irrigated with each one of the solutions and the roots were cut in the buccolingual direction for SEM analysis, at the cervical, middle and apical thirds, to ascertain the presence or absence of smear layer and debris. SEM analysis was performed by three calibrated examiners and scores were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis test at the significance level of p = 5%. Results showed that the use of 17% EDTA decreased the smear layer significantly (p < 0.05) for all evaluated solutions in all thirds. When EDTA was not used, a significantly higher quantity of smear layer on the apical third was observed only in the NaOCl groups. The use of 17% EDTA was significant for debris removal except for the chlorhexidine groups. The following conclusion could be drawn: the use of 17% EDTA was necessary to enhance cleanness of the root canals.

Scanning Electron Microscopic Preliminary Study of the Efficacy of SmearClear and EDTA for Smear Layer Removal after Root Canal Instrumentation in Permanent Teeth

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 1541-1544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lea Assed Bezerra da Silva ◽  
Ana Carolina Meng Sanguino ◽  
Cristiane Tomaz Rocha ◽  
Mario Roberto Leonardo ◽  
Raquel Assed Bezerra Silva
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Layer Removal ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Root Canal Instrumentation ◽  
Scanning Electron

scholarly journals A scanning electron microscopic evaluation of different root canal irrigation regimens

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaves Medici Mônika ◽  
Izabel Cristina Fröner
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Canal Irrigation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Root Canal Irrigation ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Scanning Electron

The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of endodontic irrigants in removing the smear layer from instrumented root canal walls using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The endodontic irrigants used were: 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); 1% NaOCl mixed to 17% EDTAC; 2% chlorhexidine gel; and Ricinus communis gel. Photomicrographs of the middle and apical thirds were evaluated with the aid of the Fotoscore - v. 2.0 software. The results indicated that the mixture of sodium hypochlorite and EDTAC completely removed the smear layer from dentinal walls. The other endodontic irrigants were not as efficient in cleansing the root canals.

Does the Use of Use of Continuous or Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation Protocols Improve the Removal of Smear Layer? A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón Miguéns-Vila ◽  
Pablo Castelo-Baz ◽  
Saleta Aboy-Pazos ◽  
David Uroz-Torres ◽  
Pablo Álvarez-Nóvoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Conventional Irrigation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of smear layer removal after the use of different irrigation methods (passive ultrasonic irrigation [PUI], continuous ultrasonic irrigation [CUI], apical negative pressure irrigation and conventional irrigation) using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as an analytical tool. A total of 100 single-canal teeth were decoronated and randomly divided into five groups (n = 20) according to the irrigation method used: conventional irrigation with front outlet syringe, conventional irrigation with lateral outlet syringe, apical negative pressure irrigation (EndoVac), PUI with Irrisafe, and CUI with ProUltra PiezoFlow ultrasonic irrigation needle. Root canal preparation was performed with the ProTaper Gold system up to the F4 instrument and 5.25% NaOCl was used as an irrigant. After chemical-mechanical preparation, the roots were split longitudinally, and the coronal, middle and apical thirds examined. SEM digital photomicrographs were taken at ×1000 magnification to evaluate the amount of smear layer in each root canal third. CUI was more effective in removing the smear layer than the other irrigation protocols. However, none of the irrigation protocols were able to produce root canals completely free from smear layer.

scholarly journals The effect of pH of the sodium hypochlorite on smear layer removal

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
Branislav Karadzic ◽  
Nina Dimitrijevic ◽  
Dragica Manojlovic ◽  
Tomislav Trisovic
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Canal Irrigation ◽  
Layer Removal ◽  
Ph Values

Introduction. Canal irrigation is an important segment of endodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of 0.5% NaOCl solutions of different pH values on smear layer removal. Material and Methods. Thirty-two freshly extracted single rooted teeth with gangrenous pulp were used in the study. The samples were divided into four groups of eight teeth in each. Four solutions of 0.5% NaOCl having pH values 5, 7, 9 and 12 respectively, were used during chemomechanical instrumentation with hand instruments and using step back technique. SEM analysis was done to assess the quality of smear layer removal in apical, middle and coronal part of root canal. Presence and quantity of smear layer and detritus was quantified using the scale from 1 to 5. Results. SEM analysis results showed similar results for 0.5% NaOCl solutions of different pH values in root canal cleaning with no statistically significant differences. Conclusion. The most effective cleaning root canal was achieved with 0.5% NaOCl solution of pH 5.

scholarly journals Time-dependent effects of chitosan on dentin structures

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polliana Vilaça Silva ◽  
Débora Fernandes Costa Guedes ◽  
Jesus Djalma Pécora ◽  
Antonio Miranda da Cruz-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Maxillary Canine ◽  
Layer Removal ◽  
Severe Erosion ◽  
Erosive Effect

Complete debridement with smear layer removal are essential measures for achieving a successful outcome of root canal treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chitosan at different concentrations on the removal of the smear layer and on dentin structure after 3 and 5 min of application. Twelve recently extracted maxillary canine teeth were instrumented using the crown-down technique and irrigated with 1% sodium hypochlorite. The specimens were distributed according to the time and concentration of the final irrigating solution: G1: 0.1% chitosan for 3 min; G2: 0.2% chitosan for 3 min; G3: 0.37% chitosan for 3 min; G4: 0.1% chitosan for 5 min; G5: 0.2% chitosan for 5 min; G6: 0.37% chitosan for 5 min. All samples were prepared for SEM analysis. G1 exhibited removal of the smear layer, but not the smear plugs. G2 showed visible and open tubules with slight erosion of the peritubular dentin. Cleaning in G3 was similar to that in G2, however, the erosive effect was greater. There was expansion of the diameter of the tubules in G4; and in G5 and G6, there was severe erosion with deterioration of dentin surface. In conclusion, 0.2% chitosan for 3 min appeared to be efficient for removing the smear layer, causing little erosion of dentin.

A Comparative Scanning Electron Microscopy Evaluation of Smear Layer Removal from Teeth with Different Irrigation Solutions and Lasers

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1465-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif Kalyoncuoğlu ◽  
Ebru Özsezer Demiryürek
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Layer Removal ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of smear layer removal from teeth following root canals using lasers (Er:YAG and Nd:YAG), NaOCl, 17% EDTA, and MTAD by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Root canals were irrigated with 3 mL of 5.25% NaOCl after each file. Teeth were randomly divided into five groups. In the final irrigation, canals were irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl (Group 1, control), 17% EDTA (Group 2), or BioPure MTAD (Group 3). Laser groups were irradiated with Er:YAG laser (1.8 W, 120 mJ, 15 Hz) (Group 4) or Nd:YAG laser (1 W, 100 mJ, 15 Hz) (Group 5). The smear layer at the apical, middle, and coronal thirds of each root canal was imaged using SEM. Smear layer removal by EDTA was the most effective in all regions. The difference between EDTA and MTAD was statistically significant in the coronal and middle (p < 0.05), but not the apical (p > 0.05), regions. The difference between the control and laser groups was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). In all regions, the difference between 17% EDTA–MTAD and the control–laser groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Although improvement was observed in removal of the smear layer using alternative materials and techniques, application of a combination of EDTA and NaOCl remains an effective technique.

scholarly journals Smear layer removal with citric acid solution

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta Petrovic ◽  
Slavoljub Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Citric Acid Solution ◽  
File Size ◽  
Layer Removal ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Single Root

The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy in smear layer removal of 17% EDTA and 10% citric acid, using SEM. Material and method: Twenty human, extracted teeth with a single root canal were examined. Whilst instrumentation with step-back technique and manual K files, root canals were irrigated with 2 ml of 2.5% NaOCl, between each file size. After instrumentatio n, specimens were divided into two groups. The first group was irrigated with a final flush of 17% EDTA, during one minute, and the second group was irrigated with a 10% citric acid. Results: Irrigation with 17% EDTA and 10% citric acid removed smear layer from the root canals walls. There was not statistically significant differences (p>0.05) in cleaning ability between EDTA and citric acid groups.

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