Differential diagnosis of Crimean hemorrhagic fever and West Nile fever

Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) represent a group of similar clinical entities contagious constitutional diseases, caused by four different types of RNA viruses: Flaviviridae, Bunyaviridae, Arenaviridae i Filoviridae. These diseases proceed with high fever and damage of the circulatory system leading to homeostasis disorders, commonly accompanied by symptoms of hemorrhagic diathesis. VHFs are typically transmitted through infection vectors (mosquito) or through direct physical contact with infectious material. West Nile fever is the disease which is caused by West Nile virus from the Flaviviridae family. It begins flu-like symptoms, then it appears maculopapular rash and lymphadenopathy. At the most cases the symptoms retreat idiopathically. This disease can proceed as West Nile Neurological Disease in 1% of infected. The article presents three diseases, which can be present in tropical climate such as: Ebola hemorrhagic fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, West Nile fever.

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THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF CREATION OF SPECIFIC PREPARATIONS FOR ETIOTROPIC THERAPY AND PROPHYLAXIS OF WEST NILE FEVER AND CRIMEAN HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER

Journal of microbiology epidemiology immunobiology ◽

10.36233/0372-9311-2016-6-85-93 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 85-93

Author(s):

V. I. Efremenko ◽

A. A. Efremenko ◽

D. V. Efremenko

Keyword(s):

Theoretical Basis ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Raw Material ◽

West Nile Fever ◽

West Nile ◽

Healthy Donors ◽

Central Regions ◽

Natural Foci ◽

Federal Districts ◽

Regions Of Russia

Problematic issues on creation and practical introduction of specific immune biologic preparations for therapy and prophylaxis of natural-foci arbovirus infections - West Nile fever (WNF) and Crimean hemorrhagic fever (CHF), that are not available until now, are examined. Persistent natural foci of WNF and CHF with epidemic manifestations have formed in Southern and North Caucasian Federal Districts of Russia. Markers of Wfest Nile virus are being detected in central regions of Russia and Siberia, and the presence of fraction of population immune to this infection is also detected. Analysis of literature sources that has been carried out forms a theoretical basis for creation of novel specific preparations for etiotropic therapy and prophylaxis ofWNF and CHF. Use of blood from healthy donors with sufficiently high titers of class G immunoglobulins residing in certain subjects of Russian Federation in natural foci territories with the most intensive epidemic process is possible as raw material.

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The Problem of Natural Focal Infectious Diseases in the Volgograd Region: A State-of-the-Art Review

ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ И СРЕДА ОБИТАНИЯ - ЗНиСО / PUBLIC HEALTH AND LIFE ENVIRONMENT ◽

10.35627/2219-5238/2021-29-11-83-93 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 83-93

Author(s):

VP Smelyansky ◽

KV Zhukov ◽

NV Borodai ◽

DN Nikitin ◽

MN Taratutina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lyme Disease ◽

Q Fever ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

West Nile Fever ◽

West Nile ◽

The Past ◽

Epidemiologic Surveillance ◽

Main Challenge ◽

Volgograd Region

Introduction: The importance of the problem of natural focal infections (NFIs) in the world is associated with their wide spread and a severe clinical course. The Volgograd Region, which is part of the Southern Federal District, is endemic for a whole number of NFIs. Regional epizootic and epidemic manifestations in foci of plague, tularemia, Q fever, ixodes tick-borne borreliosis (Lyme disease), hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), Crimean – Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), and West Nile fever (WNV) have been of varying degrees of activity over a long period of time. Objective: To study the features of epidemic and epizootic manifestations of natural focal diseases (plague, tularemia, Lyme disease, HFRS, WNV, CCHF, Q fever) in the territory of the Volgograd Region. Materials and methods: We analyzed the results of epizootologic and epidemiologic surveillance carried out in natural foci of contagious diseases in the Volgograd Region over the past decade, including data on the incidence of NFIs and the results of laboratory testing of zoological and entomological assays. We did an epidemiologic analysis of the ten-year rate, structure and changes in the incidence of natural focal diseases in the population of the Volgograd Region. Electronic databases were developed and analyzed in Microsoft Excel 2010 (Microsoft, USA). Results and discussion: We established that over the past decade, the number of endemic areas in the Volgograd Region has risen from 18 to 25 for СCHF and from 5 to 11 for Lyme disease. At present, all regional districts are endemic for tularemia, WNV, HFRS, and Q fever, 25 districts – for CCHF, and 11 – for Lyme disease. We observed a general promising tendency towards a decrease in incidence rates for all nosological forms. At the same time, the incidence of Q fever and Lyme disease remains low while that of HFRS and СCHF is somewhat higher. The West Nile fever, epidemic manifestations of which have been registered since 1999, is the main challenge in terms of NFIs in the Volgograd Region today.

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Geography of emerging and re-emerging natural focal diseases in Russia

Доклады Академии наук ◽

10.31857/s0869-56524882202-206 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 488 (2) ◽

pp. 202-206

Author(s):

S. M. Malkhazova ◽

V. A. Mironova ◽

P. V. Pestina ◽

A. I. Prasolova

Keyword(s):

Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Ixodid Tick ◽

Emerging Diseases ◽

West Nile Fever ◽

West Nile ◽

Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽

Risk Of Exposure

The article considers the geography of emerging and re-emerging natural focal diseases in Russia. The data on the distribution and peculiarities of epidemic manifestations of eight key infections (ixodid tick-borne borrelioses, tick-borne encephalitis, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, tularemia, leptospirosis, West Nile fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and Astrakhan rickettsiosis fever) belonging to different groups of emerging and re-emerging diseases are presented. We estimated and mapped the risk of exposure to these infections in the European territory of Russia within natural borders (biomes).

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Application of immunoassay systems for diagnosis of dengue fever

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases (Russian Journal) ◽

10.17816/eid40851 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 8-12

Author(s):

Yu. A Akinshina ◽

V. F Larichev ◽

S. G Mardanly ◽

A. M Butenko ◽

N. V Khutoretskaya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Dengue Fever ◽

Experimental Test ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

West Nile Fever ◽

West Nile ◽

Cross Reactions ◽

Test Systems ◽

Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽

Specific Igg

As a result of the application of experimental test systems "ELISA-IgM-dengue", "ELISA-IgM-WN" and "ELISA-IgM-TBE" when examining sera from patients with dengue fever (DF), West Nile fever (WNF) and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) there was established the possibility of a clear differential diagnosis of these related flavivirus infections. Application of the ELISA-IgG test systems fail to provide such an opportunity due to cause of pronounced cross-reactions of group-IgG antibodies. In the article there are presented data on dynamics of IgM and IgG antibodies in patients with dengue fever. Detection of specific IgG in the first days of the disease may indicate to a secondary nature of infection and the possibility of the development of hemorrhagic syndrome.

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The role of Fever in Covid-19

Clinical Medical Reviews and Reports ◽

10.31579/2690-8794/062 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 01-04

Author(s):

K. M. Yacob

Keyword(s):

Typhoid Fever ◽

Rheumatic Fever ◽

Dengue Fever ◽

Scarlet Fever ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Viral Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

West Nile Fever ◽

West Nile ◽

Rat Bite Fever

We are living with a lot of diseases related to fevers with different names like Chikungunya fever, West Nile fever, rheumatic fever, Relapsing fever, Rat-bite fever (sodoku), Haver hill fever, Dengue fever, Typhoid fever, Scarlet fever, Viral hemorrhagic fever, etc.

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EPIZOOTOLOGIC MONITORING OF NATURAL-FOCAL INFECTIONS IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA IN 2015

Journal of microbiology epidemiology immunobiology ◽

10.36233/0372-9311-2017-1-29-35 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 29-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

N. F. Vasilenko ◽

O. V. Maletskaya ◽

E. A. Manin ◽

D. A. Prislegina ◽

V. M. Dubyansky ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Viral Encephalitis ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

The South ◽

West Nile Fever ◽

West Nile ◽

Human Welfare ◽

Natural Foci ◽

Causative Agents ◽

Federal Districts

Aim. Analyze epizootologic manifestations of natural-focal infections (NFI) in the south of Russia in 2015. Materials and methods. Reports provided by administrations of Federal Service of Surveillance for Protection of Consumers Rights and Human Welfare, Centers of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Research Institutes for Plague Control and Station for Plague Control were used. Data processing was carried out using Excel program. Results. A total of 37 738 samples of field material were studied, most of those - for tularemia (8268), Crimea hemorrhagic fever (6894) and West Nile fever (4875). Causative agents of 15 nosologic forms of NFI were detected during epizootologic examination of the territory of south of Russia, predominating amount of positive samples was obtained during study of material for tick-borne borreliosis (612), Crimea hemorrhagic fever (279) and tularemia (237). Conclusion. Analysis of epizootologic situation on natural-focal infections in the south of Russia gives evidence on the increase of activity of natural foci of bacterial (tularemia, tick-borne borreliosis), rickettsia (tick-borne spotted fevers) and viral infections (Crimea hemorrhagic fever, West Nile fever, tick-borne viral encephalitis), and thus problems of prophylaxis of natural-focal infectious diseases and constant monitoring of natural foci in subjects of Southern, North-Caucasian and Crimea federal districts are of particular importance.

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Concerning the Allocation of Emerging Natural Foci of the Currently Important Infectious Diseases in the West of Kazakhstan

Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections ◽

10.21055/0370-1069-2014-3-20-24 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 20-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A. K. Grazhdanov ◽

T. Z. Ayazbaev ◽

A. V. Toporkov ◽

F. G. Bidashko ◽

A. V. Zakharov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infectious Diseases ◽

Ecological Factors ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Emerging Diseases ◽

Epidemiological Surveillance ◽

West Nile Fever ◽

The West ◽

West Nile ◽

Western Kazakhstan ◽

Natural Foci

Within the period of 2000-2011, in the West of Kazakhstan, identified have been five, previously unknown in the territory, natural foci of dangerous infectious diseases such as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Astrakhan spotty fever, Crimean hemorrhagic fever, West Nile fever, and tick-borne viral encephalitis. The reason is that key ecological factors for the persistence of the infections in the local biocoenoses occurred. It is characteristic that circulation of the agents of new infectious diseases is registered in the territory of the long-established natural plague and tularemia foci. Since 2000 and on, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome morbidity is registered in the Western-Kazakhstan Region on a regular basis. There is some evidence to identification of West Nile fever patients in the territory of Russia in 2012, which came from Kazakhstan. Based on the spatial distribution of the natural foci of various infections, Western-Kazakhstan Region has been subdivided into four areas. In order to provide for the effective prophylaxis of emerging diseases, it is essential that healthcare facilities and services dealing with infectious diseases are consolidated and reinforced, and epidemiological surveillance is improved with the current conditions in mind.

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